Developing Hopeful Minds: Can Teaching Hope Improve Well-being and Protective Factors in Children?

References

• Arnau, R. C., Rosen, D. H., Finch, J. F., Rhudy, J. L., & Fortunato, V. J. (2007). Longitudinal effects of hope on depression and anxiety: A latent variable analysis. Journal of Personality, 75(1), 43–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00432.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashby, J. S., Dickinson, W. L., Gnilka, P. B., & Noble, C. L. (2011). Hope as a mediator and moderator of multidimensional perfectionism and depression in middle school students. Journal of Counseling & Development, 89(2), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00070.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkmann, C., Erhart, M., Schulte-Markwort, M., & Study Group, B. E. L. L. A. (2008). The German version of the centre for epidemiological studies depression scale for children: Psychometric evaluation in a population-based survey of 7 to 17 years old children and adolescents–results of the BELLA study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 17(1), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-1013-0
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnum, D. D., Snyder, C. R., Rapoff, M. A., Mani, M. M., & Thompson, R. (1998). Hope and social support in psychological adjustment of children who have survived burn injuries and their matched controls. Children's Health Care, 27(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326888chc2701_2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg, C. J., Snyder, C. R., & Hamilton, N. (2008). The effectiveness of a hope intervention in coping with cold pressor pain. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(6), 804–809. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105308093864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannon, M., Coughlan, H., Clarke, M., Harley, M., & Kelleher, I. (2013). The mental health of young people in Ireland: A report of the psychiatric Epidemiology research across the lifespan (PERL) group. Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, E. C., Yu, T., Chang, O. D., & Hirsch, J. K. (2016). Hope and trauma: Examining a diathesis-stress model in predicting depressive and anxious symptoms in college students. Personality and Individual Differences, 96, 52–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, E. C., Yu, T., Jilani, Z., Fowler, E. E., Yu, E. A., Lin, J., & Hirsch, J. K. (2015). Hope under assault: Understanding the impact of sexual assault on the relation between hope and suicidal risk in college students. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 34(3), 221–238. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2015.34.3.221
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheavens, J. S., Feldman, D. B., Gum, A., Michael, S. T., & Snyder, C. R. (2006). Hope therapy in a community sample: A pilot investigation. Social Indicators Research, 77(1), 61–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-005-5553-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciarrochi, J., Heaven, P. C., & Davies, F. (2007). The impact of hope, self-esteem, and attributional style on adolescents’ school grades and emotional well-being: A longitudinal study. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(6), 1161–1178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., Kashdan, T. B., Heaven, P. C., & Barkus, E. (2015). Hope and emotional well-being: A six-year study to distinguish antecedents, correlates, and consequences. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(6), 520–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1015154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciucci, E., Baroncelli, A., Grazzani, I., Ornaghi, V., & Caprin, C. (2016). Emotional arousal and regulation: Further evidence of the validity of the “How I feel” questionnaire for use school-Age children. Journal of School Health, 86(3), 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety (Northern Ireland). (2016). Protecting life in schools. Helping protect against suicide by supporting pupils’ emotional health and wellbeing. Belfast, Northern Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Dubow, E. F., Arnett, M., Smith, K., & Ippolito, M. F. (2001). Predictors of future expectations of inner-city children: A 9-month prospective study. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 21(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431601021001001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteves, M., Scoloveno, R. L., Mahat, G., Yarcheski, A., & Scoloveno, M. A. (2013). An integrative review of adolescent hope. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 28(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2012.03.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fergusson, D., & Horwood, L. (2003). Resilience to childhood adversity: Results of a 21-Year study. In S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 130–155). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Geiger, K. A., & Kwon, P. (2010). Rumination and depressive symptoms: Evidence for the moderating role of hope. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(5), 391–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.04.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilman, R., Dooley, J., & Florell, D. (2006). Relative levels of hope and their relationship with academic and psychological indicators among adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(2), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2006.25.2.166
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goetzke, K., Tate, P., Patel, H., & Lewis, K. (2014). Schools for hope: implementation with late elementary students at the fifth-grade level international foundation for research and education on depression. Schoolsforhope.org.
   Google Scholar
• Guse, T., & Vermaak, Y. (2011). Hope, psychosocial well-being and socioeconomic status among a group of South African adolescents. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 21(4), 527–533. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2011.10820493
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halperin, E., & Gross, J. J. (2011). Emotion regulation in violent conflict: Reappraisal, hope, and support for humanitarian aid to the opponent in wartime. Cognition and Emotion, 25(7), 1228–1236. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2010.536081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harter, S., & Whitesell, N. R. (2003). Beyond the debate: Why some adolescents report stable self-worth over time and situation, whereas others report changes in self-worth. Journal of Personality, 71(6), 1027–1058. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.7106006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horton, T. V., & Wallander, J. L. (2001). Hope and social support as resilience factors against psychological distress of mothers who care for children with chronic physical conditions. Rehabilitation Psychology, 46(4), 382–399. https://doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.46.4.382
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell, A. J., Jacobson, R. M., & Larsen, D. J. (2015). Enhanced psychological health among chronic pain clients engaged in hope-focused group counseling. The Counseling Psychologist, 43(4), 586–613. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000014551421
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(6), 593–602. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim-Cohen, J., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H., Milne, B. J., & Poulton, R. (2003). Prior juvenile diagnoses in adults with mental disorder: Developmental follow-back of a prospective-longitudinal cohort. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(7), 709–717. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.7.709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirschman, K. J. B., Roberts, M. C., Shadlow, J. O., & Pelley, T. J. (2010). An evaluation of hope following a summer camp for inner-city youth. Child & Youth Care Forum, 39(6), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-010-9119-1
   Google Scholar
• Klausner, E., Snyder, C. R., & Cheavens, J. (2000). A hope-based group treatment for depressed older adult outpatients’. In G. M. Williamson, P. A. Parmlee, & D. R. Shaffer (Eds.), Physical illness and depression in older adults: A handbook of theory, research, and practice (pp. 295–310). New York: Springer,
   Google Scholar
• Kwon, P. (2000). Hope and dysphoria: The moderating role of defence mechanisms. Journal of Personality, 68(2), 199–223. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.00095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R. S., Folkman, S., & Stress, A. (1984). Coping stress and emotion: A new synthesis, 5, 101-126. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Li, W., Cheung, H., Chung, O. K. J., & Ho, K. Y. (2010). Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale for children: Psychometric testing of the Chinese version. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(11), 2582–2591. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05440.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao, H., Li, Y., & Brooks, G. (2016). Outlier impact and accommodation methods: Multiple comparisons of type I error rates. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 15(1), 452–471. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1462076520
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liebenberg, L., Ungar, M., & Vijver, F. V. D. (2012). Validation of the child and youth resilience measure-28 (CYRM-28) among Canadian youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(2), 219–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731511428619
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luthar, S. S. (2015). Resilience in development: A synthesis of research across five decades. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Risk, disorder, and adaptation (pp. 740–795). New York: Wiley. https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%2F9780470939406.ch20&data=04%7C01%7Cprakash%40novatechset.com%7C5e47fb4df165471adc1e08d91b9be601%7Ca03a7f6cfbc84b5fb16bf634dbe1a862%7C0%7C0%7C637571178654913348%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=o4Ojb6qjZQ61uSXALkHtWfqlrSoWvWGP9YqZufeTcVE%3D&reserved=0
   Google Scholar
• Marques, S. C., Pais-Ribeiro, J. L., & Lopez, S. J. (2011). The role of positive psychology constructs in predicting mental health and academic achievement in children and adolescents: A two-year longitudinal study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(6), 1049–1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-010-9244-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, E. M., Hunter, B. A., Ferrari, J., Noel, N., & Jason, L. A. (2015). Hope and abstinence self-efficacy: Positive predictors of negative affect in substance abuse recovery. Community Mental Health Journal, 51(6), 695–700. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-015-9888-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orgilés, M., Spence, S. H., Marzo, J. C., Méndez, X., & Espada, J. P. (2014). Psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) in spanish adolescents. Journal of Personality Assessment, 96(1), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2013.816716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parsons, S., Kruijt, A. W., & Fox, E. (2016). A cognitive model of psychological resilience. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 7(3), 296–310. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.053415
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pretorius, C., Venter, C., Temane, M., & Wissing, M. (2008). The design and evaluation of a hope enhancement programme for adults. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 18(2), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2008.10820202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rand, K. L., & Cheavens, S. (2009). Hope theory. In C. R. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology (pp. 323–334). Oxford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rew, L., Taylor-Seehafer, M., Thomas, N. Y., & Yockey, R. D. (2001). Correlates of resilience in homeless adolescents. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 33(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2001.00033.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roesch, S. C., Aldridge, A. A., Stocking, S. N., Villodas, F., Leung, Q., Bartley, C. E., & Black, L. J. (2010). Multilevel factor analysis and structural equation modeling of daily diary coping data: Modeling trait and state variation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 45(5), 767–789. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2010.519276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rueger, S. Y., Malecki, C. K., & Demaray, M. K. (2010). Relationship between multiple sources of perceived social support and psychological and academic adjustment in early adolescence: Comparisons across gender. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(1), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9368-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter, M. (2006). Implications of resilience concepts for scientific understanding. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1094(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1376.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon, K., Barakat, L. P., Patterson, C. A., & Dampier, C. (2009). Symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents with sickle cell disease: The role of intrapersonal characteristics and stress processing variables. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40(2), 317–330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-009-0129-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder, C. R. (Ed.). (2000). Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications. Academic press.
   Google Scholar
• Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., Yoshinobu, L., Gibb, J., Langelle, C., and Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(4), 570–585. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.570
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder, C. R., Hoza, B., Pelham, W. E., Rapoff, M., Ware, L., Danovsky, M., Highberger, L., Rubinstein, H., & Stahl, K. J. (1997). The development and validation of the children’s hope scale. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 22(3), 399–421. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/22.3.399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spence, S. H. (1998). A measure of anxiety symptoms among children. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36(5), 545–566. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00034-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spence, S. H., Barrett, P. M., & Turner, C. M. (2003). Psychometric properties of the Spence children’s Anxiety Scale with young adolescents. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 17(6), 605–625. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00236-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sveinbjornsdottir, S., & Thorsteinsson, E. B. (2008). Adolescent coping scales: A critical psychometric review. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49(6), 533–548. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00669.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sveinbjornsdottir, S., & Thorsteinsson, E. B. (2014). Psychometric properties of the measure of adolescent coping strategies (MACS). Psychology (savannah, Ga ), 5(02), 142–147. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2014.52022
   Google Scholar
• Thimm, J., Holte, A., Brennen, T., & Wang, C. E. (2013). Hope and expectancies for future events in depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(470), 1–6. https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2013.00470&data=04%7C01%7Cprakash%40novatechset.com%7C5e47fb4df165471adc1e08d91b9be601%7Ca03a7f6cfbc84b5fb16bf634dbe1a862%7C0%7C0%7C637571178654913348%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=JPSUAzIDed41QNBAsxzDIvkZP1Eh%2F4dROUciwDDPsrc%3D&reserved=0
   Google Scholar
• Ungar, M. (2012). Social ecologies and their contribution to resilience. In M. Ungar (Ed.), The social ecology of resilience: A handbook of theory and practice (pp. 13–31). Springer. https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2FDOI&data=04%7C01%7Cprakash%40novatechset.com%7C5e47fb4df165471adc1e08d91b9be601%7Ca03a7f6cfbc84b5fb16bf634dbe1a862%7C0%7C0%7C637571178654913348%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=%2FFFRFyc7L7ooK0nmaFpY6%2F%2B6H58IDUjRRkcWiaoJ%2F8c%3D&reserved=0 10. 1007/978-1-4614-0586-3_2
   Google Scholar
• Ungar, M., & Liebenberg, L. (2011). Assessing resilience across cultures using mixed methods: Construction of the child and youth resilience measure. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 5(2), 126–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689811400607
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valle, M. F., Huebner, E. S., & Suldo, S. M. (2006). An analysis of hope as a psychological strength. Journal of School Psychology, 44(5), 393–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2006.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venning, A., Kettler, L., Eliott, J., & Wilson, A. (2009). The effectiveness of cognitive–behavioural therapy with hopeful elements to prevent the development of depression in young people: A systematic review. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare, 7(1), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-1609.2009.00122.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Venning, A., Kettler, L., Zajac, I., Wilson, A., & Eliott, J. (2011). Is hope or mental illness a stronger predictor of mental health? International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 13(2), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623730.2011.9715654
   Google Scholar
• Walden, T. A., Harris, V. S., & Catron, T. F. (2003). How I feel: A self-report measure of emotional arousal and regulation for children. Psychological Assessment, 15(3), 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.15.3.399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, M. T., & Eccles, J. S. (2012). Social support matters: Longitudinal effects of social support on three dimensions of school engagement from middle to high school. Child Development, 83(3), 877–895. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01745.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weare, K., & Nind, M. (2011). Mental health promotion and problem prevention in schools: What does the evidence say? Health Promotion International, 26(suppl 1), i29–i69. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dar075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weis, R., & Speridakos, E. C. (2011). A Meta-Analysis of hope enhancement strategies in clinical and community settings. Psychology of Well-Being: Theory, Research and Practice, 1(1), 1–16. https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1186%2F2211-1522-1-5&data=04%7C01%7Cprakash%40novatechset.com%7C5e47fb4df165471adc1e08d91b9be601%7Ca03a7f6cfbc84b5fb16bf634dbe1a862%7C0%7C0%7C637571178654923339%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=EDMPKIMFCjSBEW%2FLVS7xmoc%2BQXni27vIVjvhlGkp2RM%3D&reserved=0
   Google Scholar
• Weissman, M. M., Orvaschel, H., & Padian, N. (1980). Children’s symptom and social functioning self-report scales comparison of mothers? and children’s reports. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168(12), 736–740. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198012000-00005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2016). Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health: Adolescent health epidemiology. Retrieved April 15, 2021, from www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/epidemiology/adolescence/en
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2021). Improving the mental and brain health of children and adolescents. Retrieved April 15, 2021, from https://www.who.int/activities/improving-the-mental-and-brain-health-of-children-and-adolescents
   Google Scholar
• Worrell, F. C., & Hale, R. L. (2001). The relationship of hope in the future and perceived school climate to school completion. School Psychology Quarterly, 16(4), 370–388. https://doi.org/10.1521/scpq.16.4.370.19896
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar