Restoration of Normal Insulinemia and Insulin Sensitivity in Hyperinsulinemic Normoglycemic Men by a Hypoenergetic High Monounsaturated Fat Diet

References

• Despre´s JP. Insulin resistance: influence of diet and exercise. Symposium on ‘Reducing cardiovascular disease risk: today’s achievements and tomorrow’s opportunities’. Proc Nutr Soc 2000; 59: 427.
   Google Scholar
• Daly ME, Vale C, Walker M et al. Dietary carbohydrates and insulin sensitivity: a review of the evidence and clinical implications. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66: 1072–85.
   Google Scholar
• Hung T, Sievenpiper JL, Marchie A et al. Fat versus carbohydrate in insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2003; 6: 165–76.
   Google Scholar
• Grundy SM. The optimal ratio of fat-to-carbohydrate in the diet. Annu Rev Nutr 1999; 19: 325–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kris-Etherton PM, Pearson TA, Wan Y et al. High-monounsaturated fatty acid diets lower both plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 70: 1009–15.
   Google Scholar
• Storlein LH, Tapsell LC, Calvert GD. Role of dietary factors: macronutrients. Nutr Rev 2000; 58: S7–S9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovejoy JC, Windhauser MM, Rood JC, de la Bretonne JA. Effect of a controlled high-fat versus low-fat diet on insulin sensitivity and leptin levels in African-American and Caucasian women. Metabolism 1998; 47: 1520–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovejoy JC, Champagne CM, Smith SR et al. Relationship of dietary fat and serum cholesterol ester and phospholipid fatty acids to markers of insulin resistance in men and women with a range of glucose tolerance. Metabolism 2001; 50: 86–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storlien LH, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ et al. Influence of dietary fat composition on development of insulin resistance in rats: relationship to muscle triglyceride and v-3 fatty acids in muscle phospholipid. Diabetes 1991; 40: 280–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folsom AR, Ma J, McGovern PG, Eckfeldt JH. Relation between plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids and hyperinsulinemia. Metabolism 1996; 45: 223–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukagawa NK, Anderson JW, Hageman G et al. High-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets increase peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy young and old adults. Am J Clin Nutr 1990; 52: 524–8.
   Google Scholar
• Brand-Miller JC, Colagiuri S. Evolutionary aspects of diet and insulin resistance. World Rev Nutr Diet 1999; 84: 74–105.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garg A, Bantle JP, Henry RR et al. Effects of varying carbohydrate content of diet in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. JAMA 1994; 271: 1421–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storlein LH, Higgins JA, Thomas TC et al. Diet composition and insulin action in animal models.Br J Nutr 2000; 83 (Suppl.): S85–90.
   Google Scholar
• Golay A, Allaz A-F, Ybarra J et al. Similar weight loss with low-energy food combining or balanced diets. Int J Obs Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24: 492–6.
   Google Scholar
• Hwalla Baba N, Torbay N, Sawaya S et al. High protein vs high carbohydrate hypoenergetic diet for the treatment of obese hyperinsulinemic subjects. Int J Obes 1999; 23: 1202–6.
   Google Scholar
• Nutritionist Pro Software, version 1.2, 2002. San Bruno, CA: First Data Bank (www.firstdatabank.com).
   Google Scholar
• Heymsfield SB, Allison DB, Wang Z-M et al. Evaluation of total and regional body composition. In: Bray GA., Bouchard C., James WPT (eds) Handbook of Obesity. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1998, 41.
   Google Scholar
• Van Loan MD, Mayclin PL. Body composition assessment: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) compared to reference methods. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992; 46: 125–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS et al. Homeostatic model assessment: insulin resistance and b-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28: 412–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spritzer PM, Poy M, Wiltgen M et al. Endocrine metabolic features in hirsute patients with PCOS or idiopathic hirsutism: the influence of obesity. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society (ENDO’ 98), New Orleans, USA, 1998, abstract P1-364, 196.
   Google Scholar
• McAuley KA, Williams SM, Mann JI et al. Diagnosing insulin resistance in the general population. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 460–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedwald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18: 499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torbay N, Hwalla Baba N, Sawaya S et al. High protein vs high carbohydrate hypoenergetic diet in treatment of obese normoinsulinemic and hyperinsulinemic subjects. Nutr Res 2002; 22: 587–98.
   Google Scholar
• Slabber M, Barnard HC, Kuyl JM et al. Effects of a low-insulin-response, energy-restricted diet on weight loss and plasma insulin concentrations in hyperinsulinemic obese females. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60: 48–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oglivie RF. The Islands of Langerhans in 19 cases of obesity. J Pathol 1933; 37: 473.
   Google Scholar
• Laakso M, Uusitupa M, Takala J et al. Effects of hypocaloric diet and insulin therapy on metabolic control and mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Metabolism 1988; 37: 1092–100.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman JE, Dohm GL, Legget-Frazier N et al. Restoration of insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle of morbidly obese patients after weight loss: effect on muscle glucose transport and glucose transporter GLUT4. J Clin Invest 1992; 89: 701–5.
   Google Scholar
• Heilbronn LK, Noakes M, Clifton PM. Effect of energy restriction, weight loss, and diet composition on plasma lipids and glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 889–95.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Low CC, Grossman EB, Gumbiner B. Potentiation of effects of weight loss by monounsaturated fatty acids in obese NIDDM patients. Diabetes 1996; 45: 569–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gumbiner B, Low CC, Reaven PD. Effects of a monounsaturated fatty acid-enriched hypocaloric diet on cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1998; 21: 9–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanome A, Visona` A, Lusiani L et al. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet vs a diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54: 586–90.
   Google Scholar
• Thomsen C, Rasmussen O, Christiansen C et al. Comparison of the effects of a monounsaturated fat diet and a high carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors in first degree relatives to type- 2 diabetic subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 1987; 52: 818–23.
   Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Gutie´rrez V, Morgado N, Prada JL et al. Composition of human VLDL triacylglycerol after ingestion of olive oil and high oleic sunflower oil. J Nutr 1998; 128: 570–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNamara DJ. Dietary fatty acids, lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease. Adv Food Nutr Res 1992; 36: 253.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montalto MB, Bensadoun A. Lipoprotein lipase synthesis and secretion: effects of concentration and type of fatty acids in adipocyte cell culture. J Lipid Res 1993; 34: 397–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kafatos A, Comas GE. Biological effect of olive oil in human health. In: Kiritsakis A (ed.) Olive Oil. Champaign, IL: American Oil Chemists Society, 1990, 157.
   Google Scholar
• Roche HM, Zampelas A, Knapper JME et al. Effect of long-term olive oil dietary intervention on postprandial triacyglycerol and factor VII metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68: 552–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blades B, Garg A. Mechanisms of increase in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations as a result of high carbohydrate intakes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 62: 996–1002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiens B, Essen-Gustausson B, Gad P, Lithell H. Lipoprotein lipase activity and intra-muscular triglyceride stores after long-term high fat and high-carbohydrate diets in physically trained men. Clin Physiol 1987; 7: 1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar