35
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
REVIEW PAPER

Drugs as anti‐nutrients

Pages 149-166 | Published online: 13 Jul 2009

References

  • Trovato A., Nuhlicek D. N., Midtling J. E. Drug–nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1991; 44((5))1651–8
  • White R., Ashworth A. How drug therapy can affect, threaten and compromise nutritional status. J Hum Nutr Diet 2000; 13((2))119–129
  • Kishi T., Fujita N., Eguchi T., Ueda K. Mechanism for reduction of serum folate by antiepileptic drugs during prolonged therapy. J Neurol Sci 1997; 145((1))109–12
  • Lininger S. W., Gaby A. R., Austin S., et al. A–Z Guide to Drug–herb–vitamin Interactions. Healthnotes. Prima Publishing, Roseville, USA, CA 1999
  • Sarter B. Coenzyme Q10 and cardiovascular disease: A review. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2002; 16((4))9–20
  • Pinto J., Raiczyk G. B., Huang Y. P., Rivlin R. S. New approaches to the possible prevention of side effects of chemotherapy by nutrition. Cancer 1986; 58((8Suppl))1911–14
  • Spencer H., Kramer L., Osis D., Wiatrowski E. Effects of aluminium hydroxide on fluoride and calcium metabolism. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 1985; 6((1))33–41
  • Werbach M. R. Foundations of Nutritional Medicine: A Sourcebook of Clinical Research. Third Line Press, Tarzana, USA, CA 1997
  • Tsau Y. K., Tsai W. Y., Lu F. L., Tsai W. S., Chen C. H. Symptomatic hypomagnesemia in children. Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1998; 39((6))393–7
  • Handbook of Drug–Nutrient Interactions. Totowa, , J. I Boullata, V. T Armenti. Humana Press, USA, New Jersey 2004
  • Pinto J., Huang Y. P., Rivlin R. S. Inhibition of riboflavin metabolism in rat tissues by chlorpromazine, imipramine and amitryptyline. J Clin Invest 1981; 67((5))1500–506
  • Pinto J., Huang Y. P., Pelliccione N., Rivlin R. S. Cardiac sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of chlorpromazine, imipramine and amitriptyline upon formation of flavins. Biochem Pharmacol 1982; 31((21))3495–9
  • Barcina Y., Ilundain A., Larralde J. Effect of amoxicillin, cephalexin, and tetracycline‐HCl on intestinal L‐leucine transport in the rat in vivo. Drug Nutr Interact 1988; 5((4))283–8
  • Marcus N., Garty B. Z. Transient hypoparathyroidism due to amphotericin B‐induced hypomagnesemia in a patient with beta‐thalassemia. Ann Pharmacother 2001; 35((9))1042–4
  • Russell R. M., Golner B. B., Krasinski S. D., Sadowski J. A., Suter P. M., Braun C. L. Effect of antacid and H2 receptor antagonists on the intestinal absorption of folic acid. J Lab Clin Med 1988; 112((4))458–63
  • Spencer H., Kramer L. Osteoporosis, calcium requirement, and factors causing calcium loss. Clin Geriatr Med 1987; 3((2))389–402
  • Spencer H., Kramer L. The calcium requirement and factors causing calcium loss. Fed Proc 1986; 45((12))2758–62
  • Spencer H., Kramer L. Osteoporosis: Calcium, fluoride, and aluminium interactions. J Am Coll Nutr 1985; 4((1))121–8
  • Spencer H., Kramer L., Norris C., Osis D. Effect of small doses of aluminium‐containing antacids on calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Arch Intern Med 1983; 143((4))657–9
  • Baik H. W., Russell R. M. Vitamin B12 deficiency in the elderly. Annu Rev Nutr 1999; 19: 357–77
  • Dugina N. N., Chebotareva T. V., Mitrokhin S. D. Large intestine dysbacteriosis and therapy efficacy in patients with respiratory tract tuberculosis in sanatoria. Antibiot Khimioter 2004; 49((4))35–8
  • Šušković J., Kos B., Goreta J., Matošić S. Role of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in synbiotic effect. Food Technol Biotechnol 2001; 39((3))227–235
  • Noda H., Akasaka N., Ohsugi M. Biotin production by bifidobacteria. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1994; 40((2))181–8
  • Mock D. M., Mock N. I., Nelson R. P., Lombard K. A. Disturbances in biotin metabolism in children undergoing long‐term anticonvulsant therapy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1998; 26((3))245–50
  • Krause K. H., Bonjour J. P., Berlit P., Kynast G., Schmidt‐Gayk H., Schellenberg B. Effect of long‐term treatment with antiepileptic drugs on the vitamin status. Drug Nutr Interact 1988; 5((4))317–43
  • Zelnik N., Fridkis I., Gruener N. Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: Cause relationship or co‐existence?. Acta Paedriatr 1995; 84((1))93–5
  • Lawrence V. A., Loewenstein J. E., Eichner E. R. Aspirin and folate binding: in vivo and in vitro studies of serum binding and urinary excretion of endogenous folate. J Lab Clin Med 1984; 103((6))944–8
  • Rundek T., Naini A., Sacco R., Coates K., DiMauro S. Atorvastatin decreases the coenzyme Q10 level in the blood of patients at risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Arch Neurol 2004; 61((6))889–92
  • Baum M. K., Javier J. J., Mantero‐Atienza E., et al. Zidovudine‐associated adverse reactions in a longitudinal study of asymptomatic HIV‐1‐infected homosexual males. J Aquir Immune Defic Syndr 1991; 4((12))1218–26
  • Probstfield J. L., Lin T. L., Peters J., Hunninghake D. B. Carotenoids and vitamin A: The effect of hypocholesterolemic agents on serum levels. Metabolism 1985; 34((1))88–91
  • Ritsema G. H., Eilers G. Potassium supplements prevent serious hypokalaemia in colon cleansing. Clin Radiol 1994; 49((12))874–6
  • Pinto J. T., Rivlin R. S. Drugs that promote renal excretion of riboflavin. Drug–Nutrient Interactions 1987; 5: 143–51
  • Pinto J., Huang Y. P., McConnell R. J., Rivlin R. S. Increased urinary riboflavin excretion resulting from boric acid ingestion. J Lab Clin Med 1978; 92((1))126–34
  • Harris S. S., Dawson‐Hughes B. Caffeine and bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60((4))573–8
  • Golik A., Modai D., Averbukh Z., et al. Zinc metabolism in patients treated with captopril versus enalapril. Metabolism 1990; 39((7))665–7
  • Atkinson S. A., Halton J. M., Bradley C., Wu B., Barr R. D. Bone and mineral abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Influence of disease, drugs and nutrition. Int J Cancer 1998; 11: 35–9
  • Guo C. Y., Halton J. M., Barr R. D., Atkinson S. A. Hypomagnesemia associated with chemotherapy in patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Possible mechanisms. Oncol Rep 2004; 11((1))185–9
  • Kaup S. M., Greger J. L. Effect of various chloride salts on the utilisation of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium. J Nutr Biochem 1990; 1((10))542–8
  • Pinto J., Huang Y. P., Rivlin R. S. Inhibition by chlorpromazine of thyroxine modulation of flavin metabolism in liver, cerebrum and cerebellum. Biochem Pharmacol 1985; 34((1))93–5
  • Pelliccione N., Pinto J., Huang Y. P., Rivlin R. S. Accelerated development of riboflavin deficiency by treatment with chlorpromazine. Biochem Pharmacol 1983; 32((19))2949–53
  • Hirokawa C. A., Gray D. R. Chlorpropamide‐induced hyponatremia in the veteran population. Ann Pharmacother 1992; 26((10))1243–4
  • Reyes A. J., Olhaberry J. V., Leary W. P., Lockett C. J., van der Byl K. Urinary zinc excretion, diuretics, zinc deficiency and some side‐effects of diuretics. S Afr Med J 1983; 64((24))936–41
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P., Lockett C. J., Alcocer. Diuretics and zinc. S Afr Med J 1982; 62((11))373–5
  • Leonard J. P., Desager J. P., Beckers C., Harvengt C. In vitro binding of various biological substances by two hypocholesterolaemic resins. Cholestyramine and colestipol. Arzneimittelforschung 1979; 29((7))979–81
  • Vroonhof K., van Rijn H. J., van Hattum J. Vitamin K deficiency and bleeding after long‐term use of cholestyramine. Neth J Med 2003; 61((1))19–21
  • Sturniolo G. C., Montino M. C., Rossetto L., et al. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion reduces zinc absorption in man. J Am Coll Nutr 1991; 10((4))372–5
  • Bengoa J. M., Bolt M. J., Rosenburg I. H. Hepatic vitamin D 25‐hydroxylase inhibition by cimetidine and isoniazid. J Lab Clin Med 1984; 104((4))546–52
  • Whang R., Whang D. D., Ryan M. P. Refractory potassium repletion. A consequence of magnesium deficiency. Arch Intern Med 1992; 152((1))40–5
  • Frequin S. T., Wevers R. A., Braam M., Barkhof F., Hommes O. R. Decreased vitamin B12 and folate levels in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of multiple sclerosis patients after high‐dose intravenous methylprednisolone. J Neurol 1993; 240((5))305–8
  • June C. H., Thompson C. B., Kennedy M. S., Loughran T. P Jr., Deeg H. J. Correlation of hypomagnesemia with the onset of cyclosporine‐associated hypertension in marrow transplant patients. Transplantation 1986; 41((1))47–51
  • Thompson C. B., June C. H., Sullivan K. M., Thomas E. D. Association between cyclosporin neurotoxicity and hypomagnesaemia. Lancet 1984; 2((8412))1116–20
  • June C. H., Thompson C. B., Kennedy M. S., Nims J., Thomas E. D. Profound hypomagnesemia and renal magnesium wasting associated with the use of cyclosporine for marrow transplantation. Transplantation 1985; 39((6))620–24
  • Whang R., Oei T. O., Watanabe A. Frequency of hypomagnesemia in hospitalized patients receiving digitalis. Arch Intern Med 1985; 145((4))655–6
  • Leary W. P., Reyes A. J. Prophylaxis and treatment of magnesium depletion. S Afr Med J 1983; 64((8))281–2
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P. Diuretic therapy, magnesium deficiency and lipid metabolism. S Afr Med J 1983; 64((10))355–6
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P. Magnesium deficiency provoked by diuretics. S Afr Med J 1983; 63((11))410–12
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P. Cardiovascular toxicity of diuretics related to magnesium depletion. Hum Toxicol 1984; 3((5))351–71
  • Leary W. P., Reyes A. J. Diuretic‐induced magnesium losses. Drugs 1984; 28 Suppl 1: 182–7
  • Dorup I., Skajaa K., Thybo N. K. Oral magnesium supplementation restores the concentrations of magnesium, potassium and sodium–potassium pumps in skeletal muscle of patients receiving diuretic treatment. J Intern Med 1993; 233((2))117–23
  • Steen B. Hypokalemia—clinical spectrum and etiology. Acta Med Scand 1981; 647: 61–6
  • Cohen N., Almoznino‐Sarafian D., Zaidenstein R., et al. Serum magnesium aberrations in furosemide (frusemide) treated patients with congestive heart failure: Pathophysiological correlates and prognostic evaluation. Heart 2003; 89((4))411–6
  • Martin B. J., Milligan K. Diuretic‐associated hypomagnesemia in the elderly. Arch Intern Med 1987; 147((10))1768–71
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P. Pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic changes due to magnesium depletion. S Afr Med J 1983; 64((9))311–12
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P. The magnesiuric effects of several single doses of xipamide in healthy adults. Braz J Med Biol Res 1984; 17(3–4): 285–91
  • Brady J. A., Rock C. L., Horneffer M. R. Thiamin status, diuretic medications, and the management of congestive heart failure. J Am Diet Assoc 1995; 95((5))541–4
  • Granerus A. K., Jagenburg R., Svanborg A. Kaliuretic effect of L‐dopa treatment in parkinsonian patients. Acta Med Scand 1977; 201((4))291–7
  • Pinto J., Huang Y. P., Rivlin R. S. Mechanisms underlying the differential effects of ethanol on the bioavailability of riboflavin and flavin adenine dinucleotide. J Clin Invest 1987; 79((5))1343–8
  • Desouza C., Keebler M., McNamara D. B., Fonseca V. Drugs affecting homocysteine metabolism: Impact on cardiovascular risk. Drugs 2002; 62((4))605–16
  • Childs P. A., Rodin I., Martin N. J., et al. Effect of fluoxetine on melatonin in patients with seasonal affective disorder and matched controls. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 166((2))196–8
  • Strachan J., Shepherd J. Hyponatraemia associated with the use of selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1998; 32((2))295–8
  • Mydlik M., Derzsiova K., Zemberova E. Influence of water and sodium diuresis and furosemide on urinary excretion of vitamin B(6), oxalic acid and vitamin C in chronic renal failure. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1999; 25(4–6): 352–6
  • Shetty A. K., Rogers N. L., Mannick E. E., Aviles D. H. Syndrome of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis and hypomagnesemia associated with gentamicin therapy: Case reports. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2000; 39((9))529–33
  • Aarskog D., Aksnes L., Markestad T., Ulstein M., Sagen N. Heparin‐induced inhibition of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D formation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 148((8))1141–2
  • Aymard J. P., Aymard B., Netter P., Bannwarth B., Trechot P., Streiff F. Haematological adverse effects of histamine H2‐receptor antagonists. J Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp 1988; 3((6))430–48
  • Vidrio H. Interaction with pyridoxal as a possible mechanism of hydralazine hypotension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 15((1))150–56
  • Reyes A. J., Leary W. P., Van der Byl K. Urinary magnesium output after a single dose of indapamide in healthy adults. S Afr Med J 1983; 64((21))820–22
  • Ganchev T., Negrev N., Mileva V. Effects of indomethacin on erythropoiesis and plasma iron in rats. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg 1989; 15((2))53–7
  • Fleming B. J., Genuth S. M., Gould A. B., Kamionkowski M. D. Laxative‐induced hypokalemia, sodium depletion and hyperreninemia. Effects of potassium and sodium replacement on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Ann Intern Med 1975; 83((1))60–62
  • Mercado R., Michelis M. F. Severe sodium depletion syndrome during lithium carbonate therapy. Arch Intern Med 1977; 137((12))1731–3
  • Burnier M., Rutschmann B., Nussberger J., et al. Salt‐dependent renal effects of an angiotensin II antagonist in healthy subjects. Hypertension 1993; 22((3))339–47
  • Folkers K., Langsjoen P., Willis R., Richardson P., Xia L‐J., Ye C‐Q., Tamagawa H. Lovastatin decreases coenzyme Q levels in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87: 8931–4
  • Mortensen S. A., Leth A., Agner E., Rohde M. Dose‐related decrease of serum coenzyme Q10 during treatment with HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors. Mol Aspects Med 1997; 18(Suppl): S137–44
  • Baggott J. E., Morgan S. L., Ha T. S., Alarcon G. S., Koopman W. J., Krumdieck C. L. Antifolates in rheumatoid arthritis: A hypothetical mechanism of action. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1993; 11(Suppl 8): S101–105
  • Clark J. H., Russell G. J., Fitzgerald J. F., Nagamori K. E. Serum beta‐carotene, retinol, and alpha‐tocopherol levels during mineral oil therapy for constipation. Am J Dis Child 1987; 141((11))1210–12
  • Koblin D. D., Tomerson B. W., Waldman F. M., Lampe G. H., Waulk L. Z., Eger El 2nd. Effect of nitrous oxide on folate and vitamin B12 metabolism in patients. Anesth Analg 1990; 71((6))610–17
  • Flippo T. S., Holder W. D Jr. Neurologic degeneration associated with nitrous oxide anesthesia in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. Arch Surg 1993; 128((12))1391–5
  • Ermens A. A., Refsum H., Rupreht J., et al. Monitoring cobalamin inactivation during nitrous oxide anesthesia by determination of homocysteine and folate in plasma and urine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991; 49((4))385–93
  • Baggott J. E., Morgan S. L., Ha T., Vaughn W. H., Hine R. J. Inhibition of folate‐dependant enzymes by non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. Biochem J 1992; 282((1))197–202
  • Bjarnason I., Macpherson A. J. Intestinal toxicity of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. Pharmacol Ther 1994; 62(1–2): 145–57
  • Tang G., Serfaty‐Lacrosniere C., Camilo M. E., Russell R. M. Gastric acidity influences the blood response to a beta carotene dose in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1996; 64((4))622–6
  • Marcuard S. P., Albernaz L., Khazanie P. G. Omeprazole therapy causes malabsorption of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12). Ann Intern Med 1994; 120((3))211–15
  • Blum M., Kitai E., Ariel Y., Schnierer M., Bograd H. Harefuah 1991; 121((10))363–4
  • Girdwood R. H. Drug‐induced anaemias. Drugs 1976; 11((5))394–404
  • Masse P. G., van den Berg H., Duguay C., Beaulieu G., Simard J. M. Early effect of a low dose (30 micrograms) ethinyl estradiol‐containing Triphasil on vitamin B6 status. A follow‐up study on six menstrual cycles. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1996; 66((1))46–54
  • Melia A. T., Koss‐Twardy S. G., Zhi J. The effect of orlistat, an inhibitor of dietary fat absorption, on the absorption of vitamins A and E in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 36((7))647–53
  • Russell R. M., Dutta S. K., Oaks E. V., Rosenberg I. H., Giovetti A. C. Impairment of folic acid absorption by oral pancreatic extracts. Dig Dis Sci 1980; 25((5))369–73
  • Reicks M., Calvert R. J., Hathcock J. N. Effects of prolonged acetaminophen ingestion and dietary methionine on mouse liver glutathione. Drug Nutr Interact 1988; 5((4))351–63
  • Jones A. F., Harvey J. M., Vale J. A. Hypophosphataemia and phosphaturia in paracetamol poisoning. Lancet 1989; 2((8663))608–9
  • Seelig MS. Auto‐immune complications of D‐penicillamine—a possible result of zinc and magnesium depletion and of pyridoxine inactivation. J Am Coll Nutr 1982; 1((2))207–14
  • Heller C. A., Friedman P. A. Pyridoxine deficiency and peripheral neuropathy associated with long‐term phenelzine therapy. Am J Med 1983; 75((5))887–8
  • Seligmann H., Potasman I., Weller B., Schwartz M., Prokocimer M. Phenytoin–folic acid interaction: A lesson to be learned. Clin Neuropharmacol 1999; 22((5))268–72
  • Hanaki Y., Sugiyama S., Ozawa T., Ohno M. Coenzyme Q10 and coronary artery disease. Clin Invest 1993; 71((8 Suppl))S112–5
  • Lems W. F., Van Veen G. J., Gerrits M. I., et al. Effect of low dose prednisone (with calcium and calcitriol supplementation) on calcium and bone metabolism in healthy volunteers. Br J Rheumatol 1998; 37((1))27–33
  • Bouman W. P., Pinner G., Johnson H. Incidence of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) induced hyponatraemia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion in the elderly. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1998; 13((1))12–15
  • Jula A., Marniemi J., Huupponen R., Virtanen A., Rastas M., Rönnemaa T. Effects of diet and simvastatin on serum lipids, insulin, and antioxidants in hypercholesterolemic men: A randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 287((5))598–605
  • Moosmann B., Behl C. Selenoprotein synthesis and side‐effects of statins. Lancet 2004; 363((9412))892–4
  • Baum C. L., Selhub J., Rosenberg I. H. Antifolate actions of sulfasalazine on intact lymphocytes. J Lab Clin Med 1981; 97((6))779–84
  • Shimizu T., Maeda S., Arakawa H., Mochizuki H., Tokuyama K., Morikawa A. Relation between theophylline and circulating vitamin levels in children with asthma. Pharmacology 1996; 53((6))384–9
  • Delport R., Ubbink J. B., Serfontein W. J., Becker P. J., Walters L. Vitamin B6 nutritional status in asthma: The effect of theophylline therapy on plasma pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate and pyridoxal levels. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1988; 58((1))67–72
  • Slayton W., Anstine D., Lakhdir F., Sleasman J., Neiberger R. Tetany in a child with AIDS receiving intravenous tobramycin. South Med J 1996; 89((11))1108–10
  • Opala G., Winter S., Vance C., Vance H., Hutchison H. T., Linn L. S. The effect of valproic acid on plasma carnitine levels. Am J Dis Child 1991; 145((9))999–1001
  • Kendler B. S. Carnitine: An overview of its role in preventive medicine. Prev Med 1986; 15((4))373–90
  • Johnson S. The multifaceted and widespread pathology of magnesium deficiency. Med Hypotheses 2001; 56((2))163–70
  • Rylander R., Arnaud M. J. Mineral water intake reduces blood pressure among subjects with low urinary magnesium and calcium levels. BMC Public Health 2004; 4((1))56
  • Yokota K., Kato M., Lister F., et al. Clinical efficacy of magnesium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Am Coll Nutr 2004; 23((5))506S–509S
  • Gums J. G. Magnesium in cardiovascular and other disorders. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004; 61((15))1569–76
  • Maier J. A., Malpuech‐Brugere C., Zimowska W., Rayssiguier Y., Mazur A. Low magnesium promotes endothelial cell dysfunction: Implications for atherosclerosis, inflammation and thrombosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004; 1689((1))13–21
  • Touyz R. M. Magnesium in clinical medicine. Front Biosci 2004; 9: 1278–93
  • Touyz R. M. Role of magnesium in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Mol Aspects Med 2003; 24((1–3))107–36
  • Carlin Schooley M., Franz K. B. Magnesium deficiency during pregnancy in rats increases systolic blood pressure and plasma nitrite. Am J Hypertens 2002; 15((12))1081–6
  • Touyz R. M., Pu Q., He G., et al. Effects of low dietary magnesium intake on development of hypertension in stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats: role of reactive oxygen species. J Hypertens 2002; 20((11))2221–32
  • Chakraborti S., Chakraborti T., Mandal M., Mandal A., Das S., Ghosh S. Protective role of magnesium in cardiovascular diseases: A review. Mol cell Biochem 2002; 238((1–2))163–79
  • Walti M. K., Zimmermann M. B., Spinas G. A., Jacob S., Hurrell R. F. Dietary magnesium intake in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002; 56((5))409–14
  • Innerarity S. Hypomagnesemia in acute and chronic illness. Crit Care Nurs Q 2000; 23((2))1–19
  • Fox C., Ramsoomair D., Carter C. Magnesium: Its proven and potential clinical significance. South Med J 2001; 94((12))1195–201
  • Seelig M. S. Increased need for magnesium with the use of combined oestrogen and calcium for osteoporosis treatment. Magnes Res 1990; 3((3))197–215
  • Rosenfeldt F., Miller F., Nagley P., et al. Response of the senescent heart to stress: Clinical therapeutic strategies and quest for mitochondrial predictors of biological age. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1019: 78–84
  • Lee C. K., Pugh T. D., Klopp R. G., et al. The impact of alpha‐lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10 and caloric restriction on life span and gene expression patterns in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 36((8))1043–57
  • Chung M. K. Vitamins, supplements, herbal medicines, and arrhythmias. Cardiol Rev 2004; 12((2))73–84
  • Rosenfeldt F., Hilton D., Pepe S., Krum H. Systematic review of effect of coenzyme Q10 in physical exercise, hypertension and heart failure. Biofactors 2003; 18((1–4))91–100
  • Mortensen S. A. Overview on coenzyme Q10 as adjunctive therapy in chronic heart failure. Rationale, design and end‐points of ‘Q‐symbio’—A multinational trial. Biofactors 2003; 18((1–4))79–89
  • Berman M., Erman A., Ben‐Gal T., et al. Coenzyme Q10 in patients with end‐stage heart failure awaiting cardiac transplantation: a randomised, placebo‐controlled study. Clin Cardiol 2004; 27((5))295–9
  • Naini A., Lewis V. J., Hirano M., DiMauro S. Primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency and the brain. Biofactors 2003; 18((1–4))145–52
  • Singh R. B., Kartik C., Otsuka K., Pella D., Pella J. Brain–heart connection and the risk of heart attack. Biomed Pharmacother 2002; 56 (Suppl 2): 257s–265s
  • Rosenfeldt F., Marasco S., Lyon W et a. l. Coenzyme Q10 therapy before cardiac surgery improves mitochondrial function and in vitro contractility of myocardial tissue. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 129((1))25–32
  • Langsjoen P. H., Langsjoen A. M. The clinical use of HMG CoA‐reductase inhibitors and the associated depletion of coenzyme Q10. A review of animal and human publications. Biofactors 2003; 18(1–4): 101–11
  • Kurowska E. M., Dresser G., Deutsch L., Bassoo E., Freeman D. J. Relative bioavailability and antioxidant potential of two coenzyme q10 preparations. Ann Nutr Metab 2003; 47((1))16–21
  • The Glycation Hypothesis of Atherosclerosis, C. A. L. S Colaco. Chapman & Hall, Austin, Texas 1997
  • Leonarduzzi G., Sottero B., Verde V., Poli G. Oxidized products of cholesterol: Toxic effects. Reviews in Food and Nutrition Toxicity, Volume 3, V. R Preedy, R. R Watson. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida 2005
  • Aronov D. M., Keenan J. M., Akhmedzhanov N. M., Perova N. V., Oganov R. Y., Kiseleva N. Y. Clinical trial of wax‐matrix sustained‐release niacin in a Russian population with hypercholesterolemia. Arch Fam Med 1996; 5((10))567–75
  • Press R. I., Geller J., Evans G. W. The effect of chromium picolinate on serum cholesterol and apolipoprotein fractions in human subjects. West J Med 1990; 152((1))41–5
  • Rosanoff A., Seelig M. S. Comparison of mechanism and functional effects of magnesium and statin pharmaceuticals. J Am Coll Nutr 2004; 23((5))501S–505S
  • Diaz M., Lopez F., Hernandez F., Urbina J. A. L‐Carnitine effects on chemical composition of plasma lipoproteins of rabbits fed with normal and high cholesterol diets. Lipids 2000; 35((6))627–32
  • Brook J. G., Linn S., Aviram M. Dietary soya lecithin decreases plasma triglyceride levels and inhibits collagen‐and ADP‐induced platelet aggregation. Biochem Med Metab Biol 1986; 35((1))31–9
  • Salway J. G. Metabolism at a Glance. Blackwell Science, Oxford 1994
  • Berg J. M., Tymoczko J. L., Stryer L. Biochemistry. W.H. Freeman and Co, New York 2002; 518, 5th edition
  • Moss M., Waring R. H. The plasma cysteine/sulphate ratio: A possible clinical biomarker. J Nut Env Med 2003; 13((4))215–229
  • Abraham G. E., Rumley R. E. Role of nutrition in managing the premenstrual tension syndromes. J Reprod Med 1987; 32((6))405–22
  • Linder M. C. Nutrition and metabolism of vitamins. Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism with Clinical Applications, M. C Linder. Prentice‐Hall International, East Norwalk, Connecticut 1991; 129, 2nd edition
  • Sheth R. D., Stafstrom C. E., Hsu D. Nonpharmacological treatment options for epilepsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2005; 12((2))106–13
  • Topcu I., Yentur E. A., Kefi A., Ekici N. Z., Sakarya M. Seizures, metabolic acidosis and coma resulting from acute isoniazid intoxication. Anaesth Intensive Care 2005; 33((4))518–20
  • Ramachandrannair R., Parameswaran M. Prevalence of pyridoxine dependent seizures in South Indian children with early onset intractable epilepsy: A hospital based prospective study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2005; 9((6))409–13
  • Michaëlsson K., Lithell H., Vessby B., Melhus H. Serum retinol levels and the risk of fracture. N Engl J Med 2003; 348((4))287–94
  • Seelig M. S., Berger A. R., Spielholz N. Latent tetany and anxiety, marginal magnesium deficit, and normocalcemia. Dis Nerv Syst 1975; 36((8))461–5
  • Rosanoff A. Magnesium and hypertension. Clin Calcium 2005; 15((2))255–60
  • Rude R. K., Gruber H. E. Magnesium deficiency and osteoporosis: animal and human observations. J Nutr Biochem 2004; 15: 710–716
  • Matsuzaki H. Prevention of osteoporosis by foods and dietary supplements. Magnesium and bone metabolism. Clin Calcium 2006; 16((10))59–64
  • Lucas D. Dietary Alcohol and xenobiotics. Reviews in Food and Nutrition Toxicity, Volume 1, V. R Preedy, R. R Watson. Taylor and Francis, London 2003; pp 284–304
  • Carpenter T. O., Pettifor J. M., Russell R. M., et al. Severe hypervitaminosis A in siblings: Evidence of variable tolerance to retinol intake. J Pediatr 1987; 111((4))507–12
  • Seelig M. S., Alba A., Berger A. R., Rudez A., Tarlau M. Pilot study of D‐penicillamine, vitamins and minerals in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Psychiatry 1978; 39((2))170, 2–4

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.