References
- Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
- Allport, G. W. (1935). Attitudes. In Murchinson (Ed.), A Handbook of social psychology (pp. 798–844). Clark University Press.
- Avolio, B., Luthans, F., & Walumbwa, F.O. (2004). Authentic leadership: Theory-building for veritable sustained performance. Working paper. Gallup Leadership Institute, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
- Bamberger, P. A., Kluger, A. N., & Suchard, R. (1999). The antecedents and consequences of union commitment: A meta-analysis. Academy of Management Journal, 42(3), 304–318. https://doi.org/10.5465/256921
- Barling, J., Fullagar, C., & Kelloway, E. K. (1992). The union and its members: A psychological approach. Oxford University Press.
- Choi, Y., & Mai-Dalton, R. R. (1998). On the leadership function of self-sacrifice. The Leadership Quarterly, 9(4), 475–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(98)90012-1
- De Cremer, D., & Van Knippenberg, D. (2002). How do leaders promote cooperation? The effects of charisma and procedural fairness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(5), 858–866. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.5.858
- DeVellis, R. F. (1991). Scale development. Theory and applications. (Applied Social Research Method Series, vol. 26). Sage.
- Dubin, R., Champoux, J., & Porter, L. (1975). Central life interests and organizational commitment of blue-collar and clerical workers. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20(3), 411–421. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392000
- Emery, C. R., & Barker, K. J. (2007). The effect of transactional and transformational leadership styles on organizational commitment and job satisfaction of customer contact personnel. Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, 11(1), 77–90. https://search.proquest.com/openview/1769ce3e541ec032f2dc62d79759dd38/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=38870
- Fazio, R. H., & Williams, C. J. (1986). Attitude accessibility as a moderator of the attitude–perception and attitude–behavior relations: An investigation of the 1984 presidential election. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(3), 505–514. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.3.505
- Fullagar, C., & Barling, J. (1991). Predictors and outcomes of different patterns of organizational and union loyalty. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 64(2), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1991.tb00548.x
- Fullagar, C., Clark, P. F., Gallagher, D. G., & Gordon, M. E. (1994). A model of the antecedents of early union commitment: The role of socialization experiences and steward characteristics. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(6), 517–533. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030150604
- Fullagar, C., Gallagher, D. G., Clark, P. F., & Carroll, A. E. (2004). Union commitment and participation: A 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 730–737. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.4.730
- Fullagar, C., Gallagher, D. G., Gordon, M. E., & Clark, P. F. (1995). Impact of early socialization on union commitment and participation: A longitudinal study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(1), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.80.1.147
- Fullagar, C., McCoy, D., & Shull, C. (1992). The socialization of union loyalty. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130103
- Fullagar, C., McLean Parks, J., Clark, P. F., & Gallagher, D. G. (1995). Organizational citizenship and union participation: Measuring discretionary membership behaviors. In L. E. Tetrick & J. Barling (Eds.), Changing employment relations: Behavioral and social perspectives (pp. 311–331). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
- Fuller, J. B., Jr., & Hester, K. (2001). A closer look at the relationship between justice perceptions and union participation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(6), 1096–1105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.6.1096
- Gordon, M. E., Philpot, J. W., Burt, R. E., Thompson, C. A., & Spiller, W. E. (1980). Commitment to the union: Development of a measure and an examination of its correlates.. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(4), 479–499. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.65.4.479
- Hammer, T. H., Bayazit, M., & Wazeter, D. L. (2009). Union leadership and member attitudes: A multi-level analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 392–410. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013613
- Herold, D. M., Fedor, D. B., Caldwell, S., & Liu, Y. (2008). The effects of transformational and change leadership on employees’ commitment to a change: A multilevel study.. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 346–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.346
- Hogg, M. A., & van Knippenberg, D. (2003). Social identity and leadership processes in groups. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol.35, pp. 1–52). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
- Horsman, P., Gallagher, D. G., & Kelloway, E. K. (2016). The rise, decline, resurrection, and growth of union commitment research. In J. P. Meyer (Ed.), Handbook of organizational commitment (pp. 165–177). Elgar.
- Howell, J. M., & Shamir, B. (2005). The role of followers in the charismatic leadership process: relationships and their consequences. Academy of Management Review, 30(1), 96–112. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2005.15281435
- Jones, G. R. (1986). Socialization tactics, self-efficacy, and newcomers’ adjustments to organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 29(2), 262–279. https://doi.org/10.2307/256188
- Kelloway, E. K., & Barling, J. (1993). Members‘ participation in local union activities: Measurement, prediction, and replication. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(2), 262–279. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.2.262
- Kelloway, E. K., Catano, V. M., & Southwell, R. R. (1992). The construct validity of union commitment: Development and dimensionality of a shorter scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65(3), 197–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1992.tb00498.x
- Kelly, J. E. (1998). Rethinking Industrial relations: Mobilization, collectivism and long waves. Psychology Press.
- Klandermans, B. (1986). Psychology and trade union participation: Joining, acting, quitting. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 59(3), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00224.x
- Lee, J. (2005). Effects of leadership and leader-member exchange on commitment. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 26(8), 655–672. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730510633728
- Lord, R. G., & Brown, D. J. (2004). Organization and management series.Leadership processes and follower self-identity. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers
- Lorinkova, N. M., & Perry, S. J. (2019). The importance of group-focused transformational leadership and felt obligation for helping and group performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(3), 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2322
- Lynn, M. L., & Williams, R. N. (1990). Belief-bias and labor unions: The effect of strong attitudes on reasoning. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11(5), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030110502
- Martínez-Iñigo, D. Alcover, C. M., Crego, A., Dominguez-Bilbao, R., Dauder, S., & Tovar, J. (2005). Análisis de la Eficacia de las Organizaciones Sindicales en el Marco de las Nuevas Relaciones Laborales (Analysis of the Effectiveness of Trade Unions in the Framework of New Labour Relations). Unpublished Manuscript.
- Metochi, M. (2002). The influence of leadership and member attitudes in understanding the nature of union participation. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 40(1), 87–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8543.00224
- Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research and application. Sage.
- Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20–52. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842
- Monnot, M. J., Wagner, S., & Beehr, T. A. (2011). A contingency model of union commitment and participation: Meta-analysis of the antecedents of militant and nonmilitant activities. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(8), 1127–1146. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.736
- Morales Vallejo, P., Urosa Sanz, B., & Blanco, A. (2003). Construcción de escalas de actitudes tipo Likert. La Muralla.
- Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1
- Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th ed.). Muthén & Muthén.
- Nicholson, N., Ursell, G., & Blyton, P. (1981). The dynamics of white-collar unionism: A study of local union participation. Academic Press.
- Olson, M. (1971). The logic of collective action: Public goods and the theory of groups. Harvard University Press.
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2011). StatExtracts. Trade union density. http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=UN_DEN
- Piccolo, R. F., & Colquitt, J. A. (2006). Transformational leadership and job behaviors: The mediating role of core job characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 49(2), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.20786079
- Podsakoff, N. P., Whiting, S. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & Blume, B. D. (2009). Individual- and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(1), 122. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013079
- Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M., Mowday, R. T., & Boulian, P. V. (1974). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(5), 603–609. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037335
- Preacher, K. J., Zhang, Z., & Zyphur, M. J. (2011). Alternative methods for assessing mediation in multilevel data: The advantages of multilevel SEM. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 18(2), 161–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2011.557329
- Preacher, K. J., Zyphur, M. J., & Zhang, Z. (2010). A general multilevel SEM framework for assessing multilevel mediation. Psychological Methods, 15(3), 209–233. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020141
- Shamir, B., House, R., & Arthur, M. B. (1993). The motivational effects of charismatic leadership: A self-concept based theory. Organization Science, 4(4), 577–594. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.4.4.577
- Shore, L. M., & Newton, L. A. (1995). Union-member relations: Loyalty, instrumentality, and alienation. In L. E. Tetrick & J. Barling (Eds.), Changing employment relations: Behavioral and social perspectives (pp. 189–208). American Psychological Association.
- Skarlicki, D. P., & Latham, G. P. (1996). Increasing citizenship behavior within a labor union: A test of organizational justice theory. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.161
- Skarlicki, D. P., & Latham, G. P. (1997). Leadership training in organizational justice to increase citizenship behavior within a labor union: A replication. Personnel Psychology, 50(3), 617–633. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1997.tb00707.x
- Snape, E., Redman, T., & Gould-Williams, J. (2014). How “collective” is union citizenship behavior? Assessing individual and coworker antecedents. Industrial Labor Relations Review, 67(4), 1306–1325. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793914546306
- Spector, P. E. (2006). Method variance in organizational research. Truth or urban legend? Organizational Research Methods, 9(2), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428105284955
- Spector, P. E. (2019). Do not cross me: Optimizing the use of cross-sectional designs. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(2), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-018-09613-8
- Sverke, M., & Kuruvilla, S. (1995). A new conceptualization of union commitment: Development and test of an integrated theory. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(6), 505–532. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030160603
- Tan, H. H., & Aryee, S. (2002). Antecedents and outcomes of union loyalty: A constructive replication and an extension. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.715
- Tetrick, L. E., Shore, L. M., McClurg, L. N., & Vandenberg, R. J. (2007). A model of union participation: The impact of perceived union support, union instrumentality, and union loyalty.. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(3), 820. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.820
- Tetrick, L. E., Thacker, J. W., & Fields, M. W. (1989). Evidence for the stability of the four dimensions of the commitment to the union scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(5), 819–822. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.74.5.819
- Thacker, J. W., Fields, M. W., & Barclay, L. A. (1990). Union commitment: An examination of antecedent and outcome factors. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 33–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00508.x
- Twigg, N. W., Fuller, J. B., & Hester, K. (2007). Transformational leadership in labor organizations: The effects on union citizenship behaviors. Journal of Labor Research, 29(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-007-9039-5
- Van Dick, R., Hirst, G., Grojean, M. W., & Wieseke, J. (2007). Relationships between leader and follower organizational identification and implications for follower attitudes and behaviour. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80(1), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317905X71831
- Van Knippenberg, B., & Van Knippenberg, D. (2005). Leader self-sacrifice and leadership effectiveness: The moderating role of leader prototypicality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.1.25
- Van Knippenberg, D., & Sleebos, E. (2006). Organizational identification versus organizational commitment: Self-definition, social exchange, and job attitudes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(5), 571–584. https://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1379
- Van Knippenberg, D., Van Knippenberg, B., De Cremer, D., & Hogg, M. A. (2004). Leadership, self, and identity: A review and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), 825–856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.09.002
- Van Maanen, J. V., & Schein, E. H. (1979). Toward a theory of organizational socialization. In B. M. Staw (Ed.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 1, pp. 209–264). JAI Press.
- Yorges, S. L., Weiss, H. M., & Strickland, O. J. (1999). The effect of leader outcomes on influence, attributions, and perceptions of charisma. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(3), 428–436. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.3.428
- Zacharewicz, T., Martínez-Iñigo, D., & Kelloway, E. K. (2016). A longitudinal study of shop stewards’ union commitment and perceptions of union instrumentality and support. Applied Psychology, 65(1), 160–183. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12052