‘Cooling out the marks’: the ideology and politics of vocational education in an age of austerity

References

• Argyris, C. 1960. Understanding Organisational Behavior . Homewood: IL: Dorsey Press.
   Google Scholar
• Arthur, M. B. 2008. “Examining Contemporary Careers: A Call for Interdisciplinary Inquiry.” Human Relations 61 (2): 163–186.10.1177/0018726707087783
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arthur, M. B. , and D. M. Rousseau . 1996. “The Boundaryless Career as a New Employment Principle.” In The Boundaryless Career: A New Employment Principle for a New Organizational Era , edited by M. B. Arthur and D. M. Rousseau , 3–20. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Avis, J. , and K. Orr . 2016. “HE in FE: Vocationalism, Class and Social Justice.” Research in Post- Compulsory Education 21 (1–2): 49–65.10.1080/13596748.2015.1125666
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrell, R. , and E. Davis . 2008. “The Evolution of the Financial Market Crisis in 2008.” National Institute Economic Review 26 (1): 5–14.10.1177/0027950108099838
   Google Scholar
• Benzies, K. M. , and M. N. Allen . 2001. “Symbolic Interactionism as a Theoretical Perspective for Multiple Method Research.” Journal of Advanced Nursing 33 (4): 54l–547.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergmo-Prvulovic, A. 2014. “Is Career Guidance for the Individual or for the Market? Implications of EU Policy for Career Guidance.” International Journal of Lifelong Education 33 (3): 376–392.10.1080/02601370.2014.891886
   Google Scholar
• Berlant, L. 2011. Cruel Optimism . Durham: NC: Duke University Press.10.1215/9780822394716
   Google Scholar
• Bernstein, B. 1971. “Education Cannot Compensate for Society.” New Society 15 (387): 344–347.
   Google Scholar
• Bernstein, B. 2000. Pedagogy, Symbolic Control and Identity: Theory, Research and Critique . revised ed. Lanham; MJ: Rowman and Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Bloom, P. 2013. “Fight for Your Alienation: The Fantasy of Employability and the Ironic Struggle for Self-Exploitation.” Ephemera, Theory & Politics in Organization 13 (4): 785–807.
   Google Scholar
• Blumer, H. 1969. Symbolic Interactionism: Perspectives and Methods . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Brimrose. J., A. A. Barabasch , Brown , and R. Mulvey . 2014. “Mid-Career Changes Symposium.” British Journal of Guidance & Counselling 43 (3): 255–262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briscoe, J. P. , D. T. Hall , and R. L. Frautschy DeMuth . 2006. “Protean and Boundaryless Careers: An Empirical Exploration.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 69 (1): 30–47.10.1016/j.jvb.2005.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, R. , and G. Everett . 2009. “Post-Graduation Reflections on the Value of a Degree.” British Educational Research Journal 35 (3): 333–349.10.1080/01411920802044370
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callaghan, J. 1976. “A Rational Debate Based on the Facts.” Ruskin College Oxford , October 18. http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/speeches/1976ruskin.html
   Google Scholar
• Caron, J. M. 1965. Symbolic Interactionism: An Introduction, and Interpretation, and Integration . 5th ed. Englewood cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, M. , and M. Patrickson . 2008. “The New Covenant of Employability.” Employee Relations 30 (2): 121–141.10.1108/01425450810843320
   Google Scholar
• Collini, S. 2016. “Who Are the Spongers Now?” London Review of Books 38 (2): 33–37.
   Google Scholar
• Com . 2005. Mobilizing the Brainpower of Europe: Enabling Universities to Make Their Full Contribution to the Lisbon Strategy . Brussels: European Commission. http://arhiva.tempus.ac.rs/uploads/documents/mobilizing%20brainpower%202005_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Conway, N. , and R. B. Briner . 2005. Understanding Psychological Contracts at Work: A Critical Evaluation of Theory and Research . Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199280643.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Conway, N. , T. Kiefer , J. Harley , and R. B. Briner . 2014. “Doing More with Less? Employee Relations to Psychological Contract Breach via Target Similarity or Spillover during Public Sector Organisational Change.” British Journal of Management 25: 737–754.10.1111/bjom.2014.25.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton, P. , and G. Makepeace . 2011. “Public and Private Sector Labour Markets.” In The Labour Market in Winter: The State of Working Britain , edited by P. Gregg and J. Wadsworth , 272–311. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199587377.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Davies, W. 2014. The Limits of Neoliberalism: Authority, Sovereignty and the Logic of Competition . London: Sage.10.4135/9781473906075
   Google Scholar
• Davies, B. , and P. Bansel . 2007. “Neoliberalism and Education.” International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 20 (3): 247–259.10.1080/09518390701281751
   Google Scholar
• Department for Business, Innovation & Skills (DBIS) . 2016. Success as a Knowledge Economy: Teaching Excellence, Social Mobility & Student Choice . London: DBIS. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/523396/bis-16-265-success-as-a-knowledge-economy.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Eliasoph, N . 2013. The Politics of Volunteering . Cambridge: MA: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Friedson, E . 1961. Patient Views of Medical Practice . New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Ghoshal, S. , S. C. Bartlett , and P. Morgan . 1999. “A New Manifesto for Management.” Sloan Management Review 40 (Spring): 9–20.
   Google Scholar
• Glynos, J. 2001. “The Grip of Ideology: A Lacanian Approach to the Theory of Ideology.” Journal of Political Ideologies 6 (2): 191–214.10.1080/13569310120053858
   Google Scholar
• Glynos, J. 2008. “Ideological Fantasy at Work.” Journal of Political Ideologies 13 (3): 275–296.10.1080/13569310802376961
   Google Scholar
• Glynos, J. , and D. Howarth . 2007. Logics of Critical Explanation in Social and Political Theory . Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Glynos, J. , R. Klimecki , and H. Willmott . 2012. “Cooling out the Marks: The Ideology and Politics of the Financial Crash.” Journal of Cultural Economy 5 (3): 297–219.10.1080/17530350.2012.675885
   Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. 1952. “On Cooling the Mark out: Some Aspects of Adaptation to Failure.” Psychiatry 15 (4): 451–463. Accessed January 22, 2016. http://www.tau.ac.il/~algazi/mat/Goffman–Cooling.htm 10.1080/00332747.1952.11022896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life . New York: Doubleday & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Green, A. , P. Sisson ., K. Ray ., C. Hughes , and J. Ferreira . 2016. “Improving Progression from Low-Paid Jobs at City-Region Level.” A report published by Joseph Rowntree Foundation. https://www.jrf.org.uk/report/improving-progression-low-paid-jobs-city-region-level
   Google Scholar
• Guest, D. , N. Conway , R. Briner , and M. Dickman . 1996. The State of the Psychological Contract in Employment . London: Institute of Personnel and Development.
   Google Scholar
• Haasler, R. , and A. Barabasch . 2015. “The Role of Learning and Career Guidance for Managing mid-Career Transitions – Comparing Germany and Denmark.” British Journal of Guidance & Counselling 43 (3): 306–322.10.1080/03069885.2015.1020758
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, D. T. 1996. “Protean Careers of the 21st Century.” Academy of Management Executive 10 (4): 8–16.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, D. T. 2002. Careers in and out of Organizations . Thousand Oaks: CA: Sage.

   Google Scholar
• Hall, D. T . 2004. “The Protean Career: A Quarter-Century Journey.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 65 (1): 1–13.

   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, D. T. , and D. E. Chandler . 2005. “Psychological Success: When the Career is a Calling.” Journal of Organizational Behavior 26 (2): 155–176.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, S. 2007. The Governance of Education: How Neoliberalism is Transforming Policy and Practice . London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, N. 1997. Doing Qualitative Analysis in Psychology . Hove: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, N. , and J. Dyer . 1999. “The Psychological Contract: All Things to All People? Published in the Proceedings of the BPS Occupational Psychology Conference.” Blackpool 31–36.
   Google Scholar
• Haywood, J. 2004. “Forward: A Century of Vocationalism.” Oxford Review of Education 30 (1): 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Herriot, J. , W. E. G. Manning , and J. M. Kidd . 1997. “The Content of the Psychological Contract.” British Journal of Management 8: 151–162.10.1111/bjom.1997.8.issue-2
   Google Scholar
• Herriot, P. , and C. Pemberton . 1995. New Deals: The Revolution in Managerial Careers . Chichester: John Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G . 1984. Culture’s Consequences: International Difference in Work-Related Values . Beverley Hills: CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hutton, W. 1995. The State We’re in . London: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• James, N. , and H. Busher . 2009. Online Interviewing . London: Sage.10.4135/9780857024503
   Google Scholar
• John, J. 1996. “A Dramaturgical View of Health Care Service Encounter: Cultural Value-Based Impression Management Guidelines for Medical Profession Behaviour.” European Journal of Marketing 30 (9): 60–74.10.1108/03090569610130043
   Google Scholar
• Keep, E. , and S. James . 2012. “A Bermuda Triangle of Policy? ‘Bad Jobs’, Skills Policy and Incentives to Learn at the Bottom End of the Labour Market.” Journal of Education Policy 27 (2): 211–230.
10.1080/02680939.2011.595510
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keep, E. , and K. Mayhew . 2014. “Inequality – ‘Wicked Problems’. Labour Market Outcomes and the Search for Silver Bullets.” Oxford Review of Education 40 (6): 764–781.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krugman, P . 2015. “The Long Read: The Case for Cuts Was a Lie. Why Does Britain Still Believe It? The Austerity Delusion.” The Guardian Newspaper . Accessed March 17, 2016. http://www.theguardian.com/business/ng-interactive/2015/apr/29/the-austerity-delusion
   Google Scholar
• Leach, T. 2009. “Maybe I Can Fly: Nurturing Personal and Collective Learning in Professional Learning Communities.” Pastoral Care in Education 27 (4): 313–323.10.1080/02643940903349328
   Google Scholar
• Leach, T. 2010. “Knowledge Creation and Deployment in the Small, but Growing, Enterprise and the Psychological Contract.” Research in Post-Compulsory Education 15 (3): 329–344.10.1080/13596748.2010.504003
   Google Scholar
• Leach, T . 2012. “Researching Graduates’ Lived Experiences of Vocational Learning.” Research in Post-Compulsory Education 17 (2): 261–275.
10.1080/13596748.2012.673919
   Google Scholar
• Leach, T. 2015. “Graduates’ Experiences and Perceptions of Career Enactment: Identity, Transitions, Personal Agency and Emergent Career Direction.” Research in Post Compulsory Education 20 (1): 50–63.10.1080/13596748.2015.993872
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leitch, S . 2006. “Prosperity for All in the Global Economy – World Class Skills. Final Report.” Accessed April 1, 2014. http://www.delni.gov.uk/the-leitch-review-of-skills
   Google Scholar
• Levinson, H. , C. R. Price , K. J. Munden , H. J. Mandl , and C. M. Solley . 1962. Men, Management and Mental Health . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.10.4159/harvard.9780674424746
   Google Scholar
• Lyotard, J. F. 1984. The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge . Manchester, NH : Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCall, G. J. , and J. L. Simmons . 1966. Identities and Interactions . New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mead, G.H. 1935. Mind, Self, and Society . Edited by Charles W Morris . Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Palfreyman, D. , and T. Tapper . 2014. Reshaping the University: The Rise of the Regulated Market in Higher Education . Oxford: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199659821.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Perinbanayagam, R. S. 1974. “The Definition of the Situation: An Analysis of the Ethnomethodological and Dramaturgical View.” The Sociological Quarterly 15: 521–541.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perinbanayagam, R. S. 1982. “Dramas, Metaphors, and Structures.” Symbolic Interactions 5 (2): 259–276.10.1525/si.1982.5.issue-2
   Google Scholar
• Perinbanayagam, R. S. 1985. Signifying Acts . Carbondale: IL: South Illinois University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Piccoli, B. , and H. De Witte . 2015. “Job Insecurity and Emotional Exhaustion: Testing Psychological Contract Breach versus Distributive Injustice as Indicators of Lack of Reciprocity.” Work & Stress 29 (3): 246–263.10.1080/02678373.2015.1075624
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piketty, T. 2013. Capitalism in the 21st Century . Cambridge: MA: Belknap Press: Harvard University.
   Google Scholar
• Pring, R. 2012. “Putting Persons Back into Education.” Oxford Review of Education 38 (6): 747–760.
10.1080/03054985.2012.744193
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rittel, H. W. J. , and M. M. Webber . 1973. “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning.” Policy Sciences 4 (2): 155–169.10.1007/BF01405730
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, S. L. , and D. M. Rousseau . 1994. “Violating the Psychological Contract: Not the Exception but the Norm.” Journal of Organisational Behaviour 15: 245–259.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rousseau, D. M. 1995. Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Schein, E. H. 1980 Organisational Psychology . 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice- Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Shamir, R. 2008. “The Age of Responsibilization: On Market-Embedded Morality.” Economy and Society 37 (1): 1–19.10.1080/03085140701760833
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Standing, G. 2011. The Precariat, the New Dangerous Class . London: Bloomsbury.
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan, S. E. , and Y. Baruch . 2009. “Advances in Career Theory and Research: A Critical Review and Agenda for Future Exploration.” Journal of Management 35 (6): 1542–1571.10.1177/0149206309350082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomassini, M. 2015. “Reflexivity, Self-Identity and Resilience in Career Development: Hints from a Qualitative Research Study in Italy.” British Journal of Guidance & Counselling 43 (3): 263–277.10.1080/03069885.2015.1028890
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddock, S. , G. M. Meszoely , S. Waddell , and D. Dentoni . 2015. “The Complexity of Wicked Problems in Large Scale Change.” Journal of Organisational Change Management 28 (6): 993–1012.10.1108/JOCM-08-2014-0146
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, E. A. , and P. Deutschberger . 1964. “Tasks, Bargains and Identities in Social Interaction.” Social Forces 42: 451–456.10.2307/2574989
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilby, P. 1997 October 16. “Education and Equality.” New Statesman 358.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, H. , S. J. Wayne , B. C. Glibkowski , and J. Bravo . 2007. “The Impact of Psychological Contract Breach on Work-Related Outcomes: Meta-Analysis.” Personnel Psychology 60 (3): 647–680.10.1111/peps.2007.60.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar