Failing to level the playing field: student discourses on graduate employability

References

• Ainley, P. 1994. Degrees of Difference: Higher Education in the 1990s. London: Lawrence and Wishart.
   Google Scholar
• Avey, J. B., F. Luthans, R. M. Smith, and N. F. Palmer. 2010. “Impact of Positive Psychological Capital on Employee Well-being over Time.” Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 15 (1): 17. doi:10.1037/a0016998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball, S. J. 2003. Class Strategies and the Education Market: The Middle Classes and Social Advantage. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Barrie, S. 2006. “Understanding What We Mean by Generic Attributes of Graduates.” Higher Education 51 (2): 215–241. doi:10.1007/s10734-004-6384-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bathmaker, A.-M., N. Ingram, and R. Waller. 2013. “Higher Education, Social Class and the Mobilisation of Capitals: Recognising and Playing the Game.” British Journal of Sociology of Education 34 (5–6): 723–774. doi:10.1080/01425692.2013.816041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, G. 1964. Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis with Special Reference to Education. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Belfield, C., J. Britton, F. Buscha, L. Dearden, M. Dickson, L. van der Erve, … Y. Zhu. 2018. The Impact of Undergraduate Degrees on Early-Career Earnings (No. 808). London: Department for Education Research Report.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P., and J. C. Passeron. 1990. Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, R., and G. Everett. 2009. “Post-graduate Reflections on the Value of a Degree.” British Educational Research Journal 35 (3): 333–349. doi:10.1080/01411920802044370.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, A., J. Bimrose, S. A. Barnes, and D. Hughes. 2012. “The Role of Career Adaptabilities Formid-career Changers.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 80 (3): 754–761. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, P. 2016. “The Transformation of Higher Education, Credential Competition, and the Graduate Labour Market.” In James E. Côté & Andy Furlong (eds), Routledge Handbook of the Sociology of Higher Education, 197–207. Routledge International Handbooks, Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, P., and A. Hesketh. 2004. The Mismanagement of Talent: Employability and Jobs in the Knowledge Economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, P., and R. Scase. 1994. Higher Education and Corporate Realities: Class, Culture and the Decline of Graduate Careers. London: UCL Press.
   Google Scholar
• Burke, C. 2015a. Culture, Capital and Graduate Futures: Degrees of Class. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Burke, C. 2015b. “Habitus and Graduate Employment: A Re/Structured Structure and the Role of Biographical Research.” In Bourdieu, Habitus and Social Research: The Art of Application, edited by C. Costa and M. Murphy, 55–73. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Carasso, H., and A. Gunn. 2015. “Fees, Fairness and the National Scholarship Programme: Higher Education Policy in England and the Coalition Government.” London Review of Education 13 (2): 70–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chillas. 2010. “'Degrees of Fit? Matching in the Graduate Labour Market’.” Employee Relations 32 (2): 156–170. doi:10.1108/01425451011010104.
   Google Scholar
• Cobb, F. 2017. “Careers Registration: An Evidence-Based Approach for Targeted Employability Support in Higher Education.” In BSA Annual Conference. Manchester: University of Manchester 4-6 April. Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Cote, J. 2005. “Identity Capital, Social Capital and the Wider Benefits of Learning Generating Resources Facilitative of Social Cohesion.” London Review of Education 3 (3): 221–237.
   Google Scholar
• Crawford, C., P. Gregg, L. Macmillan, A. Vignoles, and G. Wyness. 2016. “Higher Education, Career Opportunities, and Intergenerational Inequality.” Oxford Review of Economic Policy 32 (4): 553–575. doi:10.1093/oxrep/grw030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giddens, A. 1984. The Constitution of Society. Outlines of the Theory of Structuration. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Giddens, A. 1991. Modernity and Self-identity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Green, F., and Y. Zhu. 2010. “Overqualification, Job Satisfaction, and Increasing Dispersion in the Returns to Graduate Education.” Oxford Economic Papers 62 (4): 740–763. doi:10.1093/oep/gpq002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higher Education Statistical Authority. 2018. “Employment of Leavers: UK Performance Indicators 2016/17.” https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/05-07-2018/employment-of-leavers-tables
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, D. 2016. “Re-conceptualising Graduate Employability: The Importance of Pre-professional Identity.” Higher Education Research and Development 35 (5): 925–939. doi:10.1080/07294360.2016.1139551.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, D., and N. Wilton. 2017. “Perceived Employability among Undergraduates and the Importance of Career Self-management, Work Experience and Individual Characteristics.” Higher Education Research and Development 36 (4): 747–762. doi:10.1080/07294360.2016.1229270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandiko Howson, C. B. 2018. “Student Engagement with and Perceptions of Quality and Standards.” In Handbook of Quality Assurance for University Teaching, edited by R. Ellis and E. Hogard, 296–303. 2nd ed. London: Routledge and the Society for Research in Higher Education.
   Google Scholar
• Lareau, A. 2011. Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lehmann, W. 2015. “Habitus Transformation and Hidden Injuries: Successful Working-class University Students.” Sociology of Education 87 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1177/0038040713498777.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little, B., and L. Archer. 2010. “Less Time to Study, Less Well Prepared for Work, yet Satisfied with Higher Education: A UK Perspective on Links between Higher Education and the Labour Market.” Journal of Education and Work 23 (3): 275–296. doi:10.1080/13639080.2010.484415.
   Google Scholar
• Luthans, F., C. M. Youssef, and B. J. Avolio. 2007. Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCaig, C. 2015. “The Impact of the Changing English Higher Education Marketplace on Widening Participation and Fair Access: Evidence from a Discourse Analysis of Access Agreements.” Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning 17 (1): 5–22. doi:10.5456/WPLL.17.1.5.
   Google Scholar
• Moreau, M. P., and C. Leathwood. 2006. “Balancing Paid Work and Studies: Working (-class) Students in Higher Education.” Studies in Higher Education 31 (1): 23–42. doi:10.1080/03075070500340135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, M. G., B. Fischhoff, A. Bostrom, and C. J. Atman. 2002. Risk Communication: A Mental Models Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Morrison, A. R. 2014. “'You Have to Be Well Spoken’: Students’ Views on Employability within the Graduate Labour Market.” Journal of Education and Work 27 (2): 179–198. doi:10.1080/13639080.2012.742178.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, R., J. Scott-Clayton, and G. Wyness. 2019. “The End of Free College in England: Implications for Enrolments, Equity, and Quality.” Economics of Education Review 71: 7–22. doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2018.11.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Connor, H., and M. Bodicoat. 2017. “Exploitation or Opportunity? Student Perceptions of Internships in Enhancing Employability Skills.” British Journal of Sociology of Education 38 (4): 435–449. doi:10.1080/01425692.2015.1113855.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OfS (Office for Students). 2018. “A New Approach to Regulating Access and Participation in English Higher Education: Consultation Outcomes.” https://www.officeforstudents.org.uk/media/546d1a52-5ba7-4d70-8ce7-c7a936aa3997/ofs2018_53.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Power, S., and G. Whitty. 2006. “Graduating and Graduations within the Middle Class: The Legacy of an Elite Higher Education.” Cardiff School of Social Sciences Working Paper 118. Cardiff: Cardiff University, School of Social Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. D. 1999. Bowling Alone. New York, NY: Touchstone Books.
   Google Scholar
• Reay, D. 2006. “The Zombie Stalking English Schools: Social Class and Educational Inequality.” British Journal of Educational Studies 54 (3): 288–307. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8527.2006.00351.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reay, D. 2018. “‘Working Class Educational Transitions to University: The Limits of Success’.” European Journal of Education 53 (4): 528–540. doi:10.1111/ejed.12298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reay, D., S. J. Ball, and M. David. 2006. Degree of Choice: Class, Gender and Race in Higher Education, Stoke on Trent: Trentham Books.
   Google Scholar
• Schultz, T. W. 1961. “Investment in Human Capital.” American Economic Review 51 (1): 1–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sin, C., O. Tavares, and A. Amaral. 2016. “Who Is Responsible for Employability? Student Perceptions and Practices.” Tertiary Education and Management 22 (1): 65–81. doi:10.1080/13583883.2015.1134634.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, J., and D. Pick. 2008. “The Work Orientations of Australian University Students.” Journal of Education and Work 21 (5): 405–421. doi:10.1080/13639080802583496.
   Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, M. 2008. “'The Degree Is Not Enough’: Students’ Perceptions of the Role of Higher Education Credentials for Graduate Work and Employability.” British Journal of Sociology of Education 29 (1): 49–61. doi:10.1080/01425690701737457.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, M. 2012. “Graduate Employability: A Review of Conceptual and Empirical Themes.” Higher Education Policy 25 (4): 407–431. doi:10.1057/hep.2011.26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, M. 2017. “Forms of Graduate Capital and Their Relationship to Graduate Employability.” Education+ Training 59 (4): 338–352. doi:10.1108/ET-05-2016-0090.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zwysen, W., and S. Longhi. 2018. “Employment and Earning Differences in the Early Career of Ethnic Minority British Graduates: The Importance of University Career, Parental Background and Area Characteristics.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44 (1): 154–172. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2017.1338559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar