168
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Poaching the personal vote: How shadowing behaviour shapes constituent impressions

& ORCID Icon

References

  • Arbuthnott Commission. 2006. Putting Citizens First: Boundaries, Voting, and Representation in Scotland, Edinburgh, The Stationary Office. (Commission on Boundary Differences and Voting Systems, January 2006).
  • Battle, M. 2010. “Second-class Representatives or Work Horses? Committee Assignments and Electoral Incentives in the Scottish Parliament.” Parliamentary Affairs 64 (3): 494–512.
  • Battle, M. 2019. “The Servant of Two Masters: Electoral Incentives in the Scottish Parliament.” Regional & Federal Studies 29 (4): 531–554.
  • Bradbury, J., and J. Mitchell. 2007. “The Constituency Work of Members of the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales: Approaches Relationships and Rules.” Regional and Federal Studies 17 (1): 117–145.
  • Cain, B., J. Ferejohn, and M. Fiorina. 1987. The Personal Vote: Constituency Service and Electoral Independence. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Carman, C., and M. Shephard. 2007. “Electoral Poachers? An Assessment of Shadowing Behaviour in the Scottish Parliament.” Journal of Legislative Studies 13 (4): 483–496.
  • Convery, A., and T. C. Lundberg. 2020. “Rational Choice Meets the New Politics: Choosing the Scottish Parliament’s Electoral System.” Government & Opposition 55 (1): 114–129.
  • Convery, A., and D. C. W. Parker. 2019. “The MSP’s Role.” In The Scottish Parliament at Twenty, edited by J. Johnson, and J. Mitchell, 54–63. Edinburgh: Luath Press.
  • Cox, K. E., and L. J. Schoppa. 2002. “Interaction Effects in Mixed-member Electoral Systems: Theory and Evidence from Germany, Japan, and Italy.” Comparative Political Studies 35 (9): 1027–1053.
  • Evans, Jocelyn A.J. 2004. Voters and Voting: An Introduction. London: Sage Publications.
  • Fenno, R. F., Jr. 1978. Home Style: House Members in their Districts. Boston: Little Brown.
  • Heitshusen, V., G. Young, and D. M. Wood. 2005. “Electoral Context and MP Constituency Focus in Australia Canada Ireland New Zealand and the United Kingdom.” American Journal of Political Science 49 (1): 32–45.
  • Jackson, N. 2006. “MPs and their E-newsletters: Winning Votes by Promoting Constituency Service.” The Journal of Legislative Studies 14 (4): 488–499.
  • Karp, J. A. 2006. “Political Knowledge about Electoral Rules: Comparing Mixed Member Proportional Systems in Germany and New Zealand.” Electoral Studies 25 (4): 714–730.
  • Karp, J. A. 2009. “Candidate Effects and Spill-over in Mixed Systems: Evidence from New Zealand.” Electoral Studies 28 (1): 41–50.
  • King, G., and L. Zeng. 2001. “Logistic Regression in Rare Events Data.” Political Analysis 9 (2): 137–163.
  • Lundberg, T. C. 2006. “Second-class Representatives? Mixed-member Proportional Representation in Britain.” Parliamentary Affairs 59 (1): 60–77.
  • Lundberg, T. C. 2007. Proportional Representation and the Constituency Role in Britain. Basingstoke: MacMillan.
  • Lundberg, T. C. 2014. “Tensions between Constituency and Regional Members of the Scottish Parliament under Mixed-member Proportional Representation: A Failure of the New Politics.” Parliamentary Affairs 67 (2): 351–370.
  • Mayhew, D. 1974. Congress: The Electoral Connection. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Mcleay, E., and J. Vowles. 2007. “Redefining Constituency Representation: The Roles of New Zealand MPs under MMP.” Regional and Federal Studies 17 (1): 71–95.
  • Moser, R. G., and E. Scheiner. 2005. “Strategic Ticket Splitting and the Personal Vote in Mixed-member Electoral Systems.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 30 (2): 259–276.
  • Norris, P. 2004. Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Norton, P. 2013. Parliament in British Politics. 2nd ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Norton, P., and D. M. Wood. 1993. Back from Westminster: British Members of Parliament and their Constituents. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press.
  • Parker, D. C. W., and C. Goodman. 2009. “Making a Good Impression: Resource Allocation, Home Styles, and Washington Work.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 34 (4): 493–524.
  • Parker, D. C. W., and C. M. Richter. 2018. “Back from Holyrood: How Mixed-member Proportional Representation and Ballot Structure Shape the Personal Vote.” British Journal of Politics and International Relations 20 (3): 674–692.
  • Pattie, C., and J. Mitchell. 2006. “Electoral Reform Reformed? The Arbuthnott Commission and Scottish Parliament Elections.” Representation 42 (3): 195–207.
  • Poole, E. G. 2019. “An Electoral Calculus? Dual Incentives and Committee Assignment in the UK’s Mixed-member Legislatures.” Regional & Federal Studies 29 (4): 507–529.
  • Scottish Parliament. 2020. Code of Conduct. Accessed April 10, 2020. https://www.parliament.scot/Parliamentaryprocedureandguidance/CCEd07Rev02202007.pdf.
  • Scottish Parliament. n.d. Member’s Expenses Scheme. Accessed April 10, 2020. https://www.parliament.scot/msps/12453.aspx.
  • Stoffel, M. F. 2014. “MP Behavior in Mixed-member Electoral Systems.” Electoral Studies 35: 78–87.
  • Stratmann, T., and M. Baur. 2002. “Plurality Rule, Proportional Representation, and the German Bundestag: How Incentives to Pork-barrel Differ across Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 46 (3): 506–514.
  • Umit, R. 2017. “With Happiness and Glory from Your MP: The Use of E-newsletters in the UK Parliaments.” Parliamentary Affairs 70 (4): 759–779.
  • Winetrobe, B. 1998. The Scotland Bill 1997/98: Some Constitutional and Representational Aspects, House of Commons Library, Research Paper 98/3. London: House of Commons Library. Accessed April 3, 2020. https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/rp98-3/.
  • Zittel, T., and T. Gschwend. 2008. “Individualised Constituency Campaigns in Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: Candidates in the 2005 German Elections.” West European Politics 31 (5): 978–1003.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.