References
- Andersen , K. J. 1977 . “ In defense of departments. ” . In Academic departments: Problems, variations, and alternatives , Edited by: McHenry , D. E . San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass .
- Arnold , D. 1970 . “ A process model of subcultures. ” . In The sociology of subcultures , Edited by: Arnold , D. O . Berkeley, CA : Glendessary .
- Astin , A. W. and Lee , J. J. forthcoming . A taxonomy of faculty cultures across the academic disciplines
- Austin , A. E. 1990 . “ Faculty cultures, faculty values. ” . In Assessing academic climates and cultures , Edited by: Tierney , W. G . San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass . (New Directions for Institutional Research No. 68)
- Austin , A. E. and Gamson , Z. F. 1983 . Academic workplace: New demands, heightened tensions , Washington, DC : Association for the Study of Higher Education . (ASHE‐ERIC Higher Education Research Report No. 10)
- Becher , T. 1987 . “ Disciplinary shaping of the profession. ” . In The academic profession: National, disciplinary, and institutional settings , Edited by: Clark , B. R . Los Angeles, CA : University of California Press .
- Becker , H. S. 1982 . Culture: A sociological view. . Yale Review , 71 : 513 – 527 .
- Biglan , A. 1973a . The characteristics of subject matter in different academic areas. . Journal of Applied Psychology , 57 (3) : 195 – 203 .
- Biglan , A. 1973b . Relationships between subject matter characteristics and the structure and output of university departments. . Journal of Applied Psychology , 57 (3) : 204 – 213 .
- Birnbaum , R. 1988 . How colleges work: The cybernetics of academic organization and leadership , San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass .
- Braxton , J. M. and Hargens , L. L. 1996 . “ Variation among academic disciplines: Analytic frameworks and research. ” . In Higher education: Handbook of theory and research , Edited by: Smart , J. C . Vol. 11 , 1 – 46 . New York : Agathon Press .
- Chafee , E. E. and Tierney , W. G. 1988 . Collegiate culture and leadership strategies , New York : Macmillan Press .
- Clark , B. R. 1980 . Academic culture , New Haven, CT : Yale University, Higher Education Research Group .
- Clark , B. R. 1984 . “ The organizational conception. ” . In Perspectives on higher education , Edited by: Clark , B. R . Los Angeles, CA : University of California Press .
- Clark , B. R. 1987a . The academic life: Small worlds, different worlds , Princeton, NJ : The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching .
- Clark , B. R , ed. 1987b . The academic profession: National, disciplinary, and institutional settings , Los Angeles, CA : University of California Press .
- Edwards , R. 1999 . The academic department: How does it fit into the university reform agenda? . Change , 31 (5) : 17
- Gouldner , A. W. 1957 . Cosmopolitans and locals: Toward an analysis of latent social roles. . Administrative Science Quarterly , 2 : 281 – 306 . December
- Harrington , F. H. 1977 . “ Shortcomings of conventional departments. ” . In Academic departments: Problems, variations, and alternatives , Edited by: McHenry , D. E . San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass .
- Hofstede , G. L. 1991 . Culture and organizations. . International Studies of Management and Organization , 10 : 15 – 41 .
- Kennedy , D. 1997 . Academic duty , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
- Kuh , G. D. and Whitt , E. J. 1988 . The invisible tapestry: Culture in American colleges and universities , Washington, DC : Association for the Study of Higher Education . (ASHE‐ERIC Higher Education Report No. 1)
- Ladd , E. C. and Lipset , S. M. 1975 . The divided academy: Professors and politics , New York : McGraw‐Hill .
- Lammers , C. J. 1974 . Localism and comopolitanism, and faculty response. . Sociology of Education , 47 (1) : 129 – 158 .
- Lee , J. J. 2004 . Comparing institutional relationships with academic departments: A study of five academic fields. . Research in Higher Education , 45 (6) : 603 – 624 .
- Light , D. 1974 . Introduction: The structure of the academic professions. . Sociology of Education , 47 (1) : 2 – 28 .
- McHenry , D. E , ed. 1977 . Academic departments: Problems, variations, and alternatives , San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass .
- Merton , R. K. 1957 . Social theory and social structure , Glencoe, IL : The Free Press .
- Metzker , R. P. 1987 . “ Academic profession in the United States. ” . In The academic profession: National, disciplinary, and institutional settings , Edited by: Clark , B. R . Los Angeles, CA : University of California Press .
- Peterson , M. W. , Cameron , K. S. , Mets , L. A. , Jones , P. and Ettington , D. 1986 . The organizational context for teaching and learning: A review of the research literature , Ann Arbor, MI : National Center for Research to Improve Postsecondary Teaching and Learning . (ED 287 437)
- Peterson , R. A. 1979 . Revitalizing the culture concept. . Annual Review of Sociology , 15 : 137 – 166 .
- Ruscio , K. P. 1987a . The distinctive scholarship of the selective liberal arts college. . Journal of Higher Education , 58 (2) : 205 – 222 .
- Ruscio , K. P. 1987b . “ Many sectors, many professions. ” . In The academic profession: National, disciplinary, and institutional settings , Edited by: Clark , B. R . Los Angeles, CA : University of California Press .
- Sax , L. J. , Astin , A. W. , Korn , W. S. and Gilmartin , S. K. 1999 . The American college teacher: National norms for the 1998–1999 HERI faculty survey , Los Angeles, CA : Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA .
- Schein , E. H. 1992 . Organizational culture and leadership , San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass .
- Smart , J. C. , Feldman , K. A. and Ethingon , C. A. 2000 . Academic disciplines: Holland's theory and the study of college students and faculty , Nashville, TN : Vanderbilt University Press .
- Smart , J. C. , Kuh , G. D. and Tierney , W. G. 1997 . The roles of institutional cultures and decision approaches in promoting organizational effectiveness in two‐year colleges. . Journal of Higher Education , 68 (3) : 256 – 281 .
- Smart , J. C. and Hamm , R. E. 1993 . Organizational culture and effectiveness in two‐year colleges. . Research in Higher Education , 34 (1) : 95 – 107 .
- Trice , H. M. and Beyer , J. M. 1993 . The cultures of work organizations , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice‐Hall .
- Trow , M. 1977 . “ Departments as contexts for teaching and learning. ” . In Academic departments: Problems, variations, and alternatives , Edited by: McHenry , D. E . San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass .
- Tucker , A. 1984 . Chairing the academic department: Leadership among peers (2nd ed.) , New York : Macmillan Press .
- Walvoord , B. E. , Carey , A. K. , Smith , H. L. , Soled , S. W. , Way , P. K. and Zorn , D. 2000 . Academic departments: How they work, how they change , San Francisco, CA : Jossey‐Bass . (ASHE‐ERIC Higher Education Report No. 27(6))
- Wergin , J. 1993 . Departmental rewards. . Change , 25 ( July–August ) : 24
- Wilber , K. 1998 . The marriage of sense and soul: Integrating science and religion , New York : Random House .