4,811
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The importance of personality and life-events in anxious depression: from trait to state anxiety

, , , , &
Pages 1177-1183 | Received 09 Jun 2016, Accepted 12 Jun 2016, Published online: 04 Jul 2016

References

  • Aiken, L.S., & West, S.G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • American Psychiatric Association (Ed.). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
  • Amstadter, A. (2008). Emotion regulation and anxiety disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(2), 211–221. doi: S0887-6185(07)00067-9
  • Baumeister, H., & Parker, G. (2010). A second thought on subtyping major depression. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 79(6), 388–389. doi:10.1159/000320896
  • Beck, A.T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R.A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(6), 893–897.
  • Beekman, A.T., de Beurs, E., van Balkom, A.J., Deeg, D.J., van Dyck, R., & van Tilburg, W. (2000). Anxiety and depression in later life: Co-occurrence and communality of risk factors. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(1), 89–95. doi:10.1176/ajp.157.1.89
  • Benassi, V.A., Sweeney, P.D., & Dufour, C.L. (1988). Is there a relation between locus of control orientation and depression? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97(3), 357–367.
  • Bolger, N. (1990). Coping as a personality process: A prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(3), 525–537.
  • Bolger, N., & Zuckerman, A. (1995). A framework for studying personality in the stress process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 890–902.
  • Brugha, T., Bebbington, P., Tennant, C., & Hurry, J. (1985). The list of threatening experiences: A subset of 12 life event categories with considerable long-term contextual threat. Psychological Medicine, 15(1), 189–194.
  • Brugha, T.S., & Cragg, D. (1990). The list of threatening experiences: The reliability and validity of a brief life events questionnaire. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 82(1), 77–81.
  • Chapman, B.P. (2007). Bandwidth and fidelity on the NEO-five factor inventory: Replicability and reliability of Saucier's (1998) item cluster subcomponents. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88(2), 220–234. doi:10.1080/00223890701268082
  • Comijs, H.C., van Marwijk, H.W., van der Mast, R.C., Naarding, P., Oude Voshaar, R.C., Beekman, A. T., … Smit, J.H. (2011). The Netherlands Study of Depression in Older persons (NESDO); a prospective cohort study. BMC Research Notes, 4, 524. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-4-524
  • Connor-Smith, J.K., & Flachsbart, C. (2007). Relations between personality and coping: A meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(6), 1080–1107. doi: 2007-17941-012
  • Costa, P.T., Jr, Bagby, R.M., Herbst, J.H., & McCrae, R.R. (2005). Personality self-reports are concurrently reliable and valid during acute depressive episodes. Journal of Affective Disorders, 89(1–3), 45–55. doi: S0165-0327(05)00250-8
  • Costa, P.T., Jr, & McCrae, R.R. (1995). Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64(1), 21–50. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6401_2
  • Eldesouky, L. (2012). Openness to experience and health: A review of the literature. Yale Review of Undergraduate Research in Psychology. Retrieved from http://campuspress.yale.edu/yrurp/2012-2/
  • Engelhard, I.M., van den Hout, M.A., & Lommen, M.J.J. (2009). Individuals high in neuroticism are not more reactive to adverse events. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(7), 697–700. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.05.031
  • Farabaugh, A., Alpert, J., Wisniewski, S.R., Otto, M.W., Fava, M., Baer, L., … Thase, M.E. (2012). Cognitive therapy for anxious depression in STAR(*) D: What have we learned? Journal of Affective Disorders, 142(1–3), 213–218. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.04.029
  • Faravelli, C., Catena, M., Scarpato, A., & Ricca, V. (2007). Epidemiology of life events: Life events and psychiatric disorders in the Sesto Fiorentino Study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76, 361–368. doi:10.1156/000107564
  • Fava, M., Alpert, J.E., Carmin, C.N., Wisniewski, S.R., Trivedi, M.H., Biggs, M.M., … Rush, A.J. (2004). Clinical correlates and symptom patterns of anxious depression among patients with major depressive disorder in STAR*D. Psychological Medicine, 34(7), 1299–1308.
  • Fava, M., Rush, A.J., Alpert, J.E., Balasubramani, G.K., Wisniewski, S.R., Carmin, C.N., … Trivedi, M.H. (2008). Difference in treatment outcome in outpatients with anxious versus nonanxious depression: A STAR*D report. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(3), 342–351. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06111868
  • Folstein, M.F., Folstein, S.E., & McHugh, P.R. (1975). “Mini-mental state.” A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. doi: 0022-3956(75)90026-6
  • Gale, C.R., Sayer, A.A., Cooper, C., Dennison, E.M., Starr, J.M., Whalley, L.J., … HALCyon Study Team. (2011). Factors associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in five cohorts of community-based older people: The HALCyon (Healthy Ageing across the Life Course) programme. Psychological Medicine, 41(10), 2057–2073. doi:10.1017/S0033291711000195
  • Hakulinen, C., Elovainio, M., Pulkki-Raback, L., Virtanen, M., Kivimaki, M., & Jokela, M. (2015). Personality and depressive symptoms: Individual participant meta-analysis of 10 cohort studies. Depression and Anxiety, 32(7), 461–470. doi:10.1002/da.22376
  • Hayward, R.D., Taylor, W.D., Smoski, M.J., Steffens, D.C., & Payne, M.E. (2013). Association of five-factor model personality domains and facets with presence, onset, and treatment outcomes of major depression in older adults. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(1), 88–96. doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2012.11.012
  • Hoekstra, H.A., Ormel, J., & Fruyt, F.D. (2003). NEO-PI-R (NEO personality inventory) big five. Lisse: Swets Test.
  • Ionescu, D.F., Niciu, M.J., Henter, I.D., & Zarate, C.A. (2013). Defining anxious depression: A review of the literature. CNS Spectrums, 18(5), 252–260. doi:10.1017/S1092852913000114
  • Ionescu, D.F., Niciu, M.J., Mathews, D.C., Richards, E.M., & Zarate, C.A., Jr. (2013). Neurobiology of anxious depression: A review. Depression and Anxiety, 30(4), 374–385. doi:10.1002/da.22095
  • John, O.P., & Gross, J.J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1301–1333.
  • Kendler, K.S., Kuhn, J., & Prescott, C.A. (2004). The interrelationship of neuroticism, sex, and stressful life events in the prediction of episodes of major depression. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(4), 631–636. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.4.631
  • Kotov, R., Gamez, W., Schmidt, F., & Watson, D. (2010). Linking “big” personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 768–821. doi:10.1037/a0020327
  • Kraaij, V., Arensman, E., & Spinhoven, P. (2002). Negative life events and depression in elderly persons: A meta-analysis. The Journals of Gerontology Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 57(1), 87–94.
  • Lahey, B.B. (2009). Public health significance of neuroticism. The American Psychologist, 64(4), 241–256. doi:10.1037/a0015309
  • Lenze, E.J., Mulsant, B.H., Shear, M.K., Houck, P., & Reynolds, C.F., III. (2002). Anxiety symptoms in elderly patients with depression: What is the best approach to treatment? Drugs & Aging, 19(10), 753–760. doi:10.2165/00002512-200219100-00004
  • Moreno-Peral, P., Conejo-Ceron, S., Motrico, E., Rodriguez-Morejon, A., Fernandez, A., Garcia-Campayo, J., … Bellon, J.A. (2014). Risk factors for the onset of panic and generalised anxiety disorders in the general adult population: A systematic review of cohort studies. Journal of Affective Disorders, 168, 337–348. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.06.021
  • Neupert, S.D., Almeida, D.M., & Charles, S.T. (2007). Age differences in reactivity to daily stressors: The role of personal control. The Journals of Gerontology Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62, 216–225.
  • Ormel, J., Oldehinkel, A.J., & Vollebergh, W. (2004). Vulnerability before, during, and after a major depressive episode: A 3-wave population-based study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(10), 990–996. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.10.990
  • Park, L.E., & Maner, J.K. (2009). Does self-threat promote social connection? The role of self-esteem and contingencies of self-worth. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(1), 203–217. doi:10.1037/a0013933
  • Paykel, E.S. (2003). Life events and affective disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Supplementum, 108(s418), 61–66. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-75353-4_10
  • Pearlin, L.I., & Schooler, C. (1978). The structure of coping. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19(1), 2–21.
  • Penley, J.A., & Tomaka, J. (2002). Associations among the big five, emotional responses, and coping with acute stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(7), 1215–1228. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00087-3
  • Roohafza, H.R., Afshar, H., Keshteli, A.H., Mohammadi, N., Feizi, A., Taslimi, M., & Adibi, P. (2014). What's the role of perceived social support and coping styles in depression and anxiety? Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 19(10), 944–949.
  • Rush, A.J., Gullion, C.M., Basco, M.R., Jarrett, R.B., & Trivedi, M.H. (1996). The inventory of depressive symptomatology (IDS): Psychometric properties. Psychological Medicine, 26(3), 477–486.
  • Sandi, C., & Richter-Levin, G. (2009). From high anxiety trait to depression: A neurocognitive hypothesis. Trends in Neurosciences, 32(6), 312–320. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.02.004
  • Santor, D.A., Bagby, R.M., & Joffe, R.T. (1997). Evaluating stability and change in personality and depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(6), 1354–1362.
  • Spinhoven, P., Elzinga, B.M., Hovens, J.G., Roelofs, K., van Oppen, P., Zitman, F.G., & Penninx, B.W. (2011). Positive and negative life events and personality traits in predicting course of depression and anxiety. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 124(6), 462–473. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01753.x.
  • Spinhoven, P., Penelo, E., de Rooij, M., Penninx, B.W., & Ormel, J. (2014). Reciprocal effects of stable and temporary components of neuroticism and affective disorders: Results of a longitudinal cohort study. Psychological Medicine, 44(2), 337–348. doi:10.1017/S0033291713000822
  • Steunenberg, B., Braam, A.W., Beekman, A.T.F., Deeg, D.J.H., & Kerkhof, A.J.F.M. (2009). Evidence for an association of the big five personality factors with recurrence of depressive symptoms in later life. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24, 1470–1477. doi:10.1002/gps.2291
  • van der Veen, D.C., Comijs, H.C., Schoevers, R.A., van Zelst, W.H., & Voshaar, R.C. (2014). Defining anxious depression in later life: A scaring heterogeneity in results. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22, 1375–1378. doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2014.02.012
  • Vink, D., Aartsen, M.J., Comijs, H.C., Heymans, M.W., Penninx, B.W., Stek, M.L., … Beekman, A.T. (2009). Onset of anxiety and depression in the aging population: Comparison of risk factors in a 9-year prospective study. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(8), 642–652. doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181a65228
  • Vink, D., Aartsen, M.J., & Schoevers, R.A. (2008). Risk factors for anxiety and depression in the elderly: A review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 106(1–2), 29–44. doi: S0165-0327(07)00228-5
  • Vinkers, C.H., Joels, M., Milaneschi, Y., Kahn, R.S., Penninx, B.W., & Boks, M.P. (2014). Stress exposure across the life span cumulatively increases depression risk and is moderated by neuroticism. Depression and Anxiety, 31(9), 737–745. doi:10.1002/da.22262
  • Watson, D., & Hubbard, B. (1996). Adaptational style and dispositional structure: Coping in the context of the five‐factor model. Journal of Personality, 64(4), 737–774.
  • Weber, K., Giannakopoulos, P., Bacchetta, J.P., Quast, S., Herrmann, F.R., Delaloye, C., … Canuto, A. (2012). Personality traits are associated with acute major depression across the age spectrum. Aging & Mental Health, 16(4), 472–480. doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.630375
  • Weber, K., Giannakopoulos, P., & Canuto, A. (2011). Exploring the impact of personality dimensions in late-life depression: From group comparisons to individual trajectories. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 24(6), 478–483. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e32834a349f
  • Weber, K., Giannakopoulos, P., Delaloye, C., de Bilbao, F., Moy, G., Moussa, A., … Canuto, A. (2010). Volumetric MRI changes, cognition and personality traits in old age depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124(3), 275–282. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.11.016
  • Wittchen, H.U., Robins, L.N., Cottler, L.B., Sartorius, N., Burke, J.D., & Regier, D. (1991). Cross-cultural feasibility, reliability and sources of variance of the composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI). The multicentre WHO/ADAMHA field trials. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science, 159, 645–653.
  • Yoon, K.L., Maltby, J., & Joormann, J. (2013). A pathway from neuroticism to depression: Examining the role of emotion regulation. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 26(5), 558–572. doi:10.1080/10615806.2012.734810