4,552
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The mediating role of hardiness in the relationship between perceived loneliness and depressive symptoms among older

&
Pages 805-810 | Received 19 Jul 2018, Accepted 08 Nov 2018, Published online: 04 Jan 2019

References

  • Andersson, L. (1998). Loneliness research and interventions: A review of the literature. Aging and Mental Health, 2, 264–274.
  • Bahamin, G., Taheri, F., Moghaddas, A., Sohrabi, F., & Dortaj, F. (2012). The effects of hardiness training on suicide ideation, quality of life and plasma levels of lipoprotein (a) in patients with depressive disorder. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 4236–4234.
  • Bandalos, D. L., & Finney, S. J. (2001). Item parceling issues in structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides & R. E. Schumacker (Eds.), New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling (pp. 269–296). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Barg, F. K., Huss-Ashmore, R., Wittink, M. N., Murray, G. F., Bogner, H. R., & Gallo, J. J. (2006). A mixed-methods approach to understanding loneliness and depression in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Social Sciences, 61(6), S329–S339.
  • Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182.
  • Bartone, P. T. (1999). Hardiness protects against war-related stress in Army Reserve forces. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 51(2), 72–82.
  • Beasley, M., Thompson, T., & Davidson, J. (2003). Resilience in response to life stress: The effects of coping style and cognitive hardiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(1), 77–95.
  • Beck, A. T. (2008). The evolution of the cognitive model of depression and its neurobiological correlates. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(8), 969–977.
  • Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American Psychologist, 59(1), 20–28.
  • Braam, A. W., Copeland, J. R. M., Delespaul, P. A. E. G., Beekman, A. T. F., Como, A., Dewey, M., … Skoog, I. (2014). Depression, subthreshold depression and comorbid anxiety symptoms in older Europeans: Results from the EURODEP concerted action. Journal of Affective Disorders, 155, 266–272.
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In Bollen, K. A. & Long, J. S. (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CT: Sage.
  • Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2010). Perceived social isolation makes me sad: 5-year cross-lagged analyses of loneliness and depressive symptomatology in the Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study. Psychology and Aging, 25(2), 453–463.
  • Cacioppo, J. T., Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2006). Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 140–151.
  • Chiu, H. F., Lee, H. C., Wing, Y. K., Kwong, P. K., Leung, C. M., & Chung, D. W. (1994). Reliability, validity and structure of the Chinese Geriatric Depression Scale in a Hong Kong context: A preliminary report. Singapore Medical Journal, 35, 477–480.
  • Chou, K. L., Jun, L. W., & Chi, I. (2005). Assessing Chinese older adults’ suicidal ideation: Chinese version of the Geriatric Suicide Ideation Scale. Aging and Mental Health, 9(2), 167–171.
  • Coffman, D. L., & MacCallum, R. C. (2005). Using parcels to convert path analysis models into latent variable models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 40(2), 235–259.
  • Engel, J. H., Siewerdt, F., Jackson, R., Akobundu, U., Wait, C., & Sahyoun, N. (2011). Hardiness, depression, and emotional well‐being and their association with appetite in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(3), 482–487.
  • Eschleman, K. J., Bowling, N. A., & Alarcon, G. M. (2010). A meta-analytic examination of hardiness. International Journal of Stress Management, 17(4), 277–307.
  • Hasel, K. M., Abdolhoseini, A., & Ganji, P. (2011). Hardiness training and perceived stress among college students. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1354–1358.
  • Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). Loneliness matters: A theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40(2), 218–227.
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55.
  • Jeuring, H. W., Huisman, M., Comijs, H. C., Stek, M. L., & Beekman, A. T. F. (2016). The long-term outcome of subthreshold depression in later life. Psychological Medicine, 46(13), 2855–2865.
  • Judkins, S., Reid, B., & Furlow, L. (2006). Hardiness training among nurse managers: Building a healthy workplace. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 37(5), 202–207.
  • Kishton, J. M., & Widaman, K. F. (1994). Unidimensional verses domain representative parceling of questionnaire items: An empirical example. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 54(3), 757–765.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Kobasa, S. C., Maddi, S. R., & Courington, S. (1981). Personality and constitution as mediators in the stress-illness relationship. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22(4), 368–378.
  • Lauder, W., Mummery, K., Jones, M., & Caperchione, C. (2006). A comparison of health behaviours in lonely and non-lovely populations. Psychology, Health, and Medicine, 11(2), 233–245.
  • Lee, T. M. C., & Yu, J. (2018). Neural and behavioural effects of cognitive training during prefrontal modulation with tDCS in healthy elderly. Unpublished Raw Data.
  • Luo, Y., Hawkley, L. C., Waite, L. J., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2012). Loneliness, health, and mortality in old age: A national longitudinal study. Social Science and Medicine, 74(6), 907–914.
  • MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002). A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 83–104.
  • Maddi, S. R. (2002). The story of hardiness: Twenty years of theorizing, research, and practice. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 54(3), 173–185.
  • Maddi, S. R. (2007). Relevance of hardiness assessment and training to the military context. Military Psychology, 19(1), 61–70.
  • Maddi, S. R. (2013). Hardiness: Turning stressful circumstances into resilient growth. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Magnani, L. E. (1990). Hardiness, self-perceived health, and activity among independently functioning older adults. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 4, 171–184.
  • Matsunaga, M. (2008). Item parceling in structural equation modeling: A primer. Communication Methods and Measures, 2(4), 260–293.
  • Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th Ed). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
  • Ong, A. D., Bergeman, C. S., Bisconti, T. L., & Wallace, K. A. (2006). Psychological resilience, positive emotions, and successful adaptation to stress in later life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 730–749.
  • Ong, A. D., Bergeman, C. S., & Boker, S. M. (2009). Resilience comes of age: Defining features in later adulthood. Journal of Personality, 77(6), 1777–1804.
  • Peplau, L. A., & Perlman, D. (1982). Perspectives on loneliness. In Peplau, L. A., & Perlman, D. (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 1–18). New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Reynaud, E., Guedj, E., Souville, M., Trousselard, M., Zendjidjian, X., El Khoury-Malhame, M., … Khalfa, S. (2013). Relationship between emotional experience and resilience: An fMRI study in fire-fighters. Neuropsychologia, 51(5), 845–849.
  • Rurup, M. L., Deeg, D. J. H., Poppelaars, J. L., Kerkhof, A. J. F. M., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2011). Wishes to die in older people: A quantitative study of prevalence and associated factors. Crisis, 32(4), 194–203.
  • Russell, D. (1996). UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 20–40.
  • Sharpley, C. F., & Yardley, P. (1999). The relationship between cognitive hardiness, explanatory style, and depression-happiness in post-retirement men and women. Australian Psychologist, 34(3), 198–203.
  • Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422–445.
  • Soderstrom, M., Dolbier, C., Leiferman, J., & Steinhardt, M. (2000). The relationship of hardiness, coping strategies, and perceived stress to symptoms of illness. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 23(3), 311–328.
  • Vanhalst, J., Luyckx, K., Teppers, E., & Goossens, L. (2012). Disentangling the longitudinal relation between loneliness and depressive symptoms: Prospective effects and the intervening role of coping. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 31(8), 810–834.
  • Wong, J. Y.-H., Fong, D. Y.-T., Choi, A. W.-M., Chan, C. K.-Y., Tiwari, A., Chan, K. L., … Bartone, P. (2014). Transcultural and psychometric validation of the Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15) in Chinese adult women. Quality of Life Research, 23(9), 2489–2494.
  • Wong, N. M. L., Liu, H.-L., Lin, C., Huang, C.-M., Wai, Y.-Y., Lee, S.-H., & Lee, T. M. C. (2016). Loneliness in late-life depression: Structural and functional connectivity during affective processing. Psychological Medicine, 46(12), 2485–2499.
  • Wong, A., Xiong, Y. Y., Kwan, P. W. L., Chan, A. Y. Y., Lam, W. W. M., Wang, K., … Mok, V. C. T. (2009). The validity, reliability and clinical utility of the Hong Kong Montreal Cognitive Assessment (HK-MoCA) in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 28(1), 81–87.
  • Yesavage, J. A., & Sheikh, J. I. (1986). Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontologist, 5(1-2), 165–173.