References
- Aldwin, C. M., Sutton, K. J., & Lachman, M. (1996). The development of coping resources in adulthood. Journal of Personality, 64(4), 837–871. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00946.x
- Alegría, M., Álvarez, K., & DiMarzio, K. (2017). Immigration and mental health. Current Epidemiology Reports, 4(2), 145–155. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-017-0111-2
- Antonucci, T. C., & Akiyama, H. (1987). Social networks in adult life and a preliminary examination of the convoy model. Journal of Gerontology, 42(5), 519–527. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/42.5.519
- Budiman, A., Ruiz, N. G. (2021). Key facts about Asian Americans, a diverse and growing population. Retrieved from Washington, D.C.: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/04/29/key-facts-about-asian-americans/
- Burr, J., Gerst, K., Kwan, N., & Mutchler, J. (2008). Economic well-being and welfare program participation among older immigrants in the United States. Generations, 32(4), 53–60.
- Cagney, K. A., Glass, T. A., Skarupski, K. A., Barnes, L. L., Schwartz, B. S., & de Leon, C. F. M. (2009). Neighborhood-level cohesion and disorder: Measurement and validation in two older adult urban populations. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 64(3), 415–424.
- Carnelley, K. B., Wortman, C. B., & Kessler, R. C. (1999). The impact of widowhood on depression: Findings from a prospective survey. Psychological Medicine, 29(5), 1111–1123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291799008971
- Carpiano, R. M. (2006). Toward a neighborhood resource-based theory of social capital for health: Can Bourdieu and sociology help?Social Science & Medicine, 62(1), 165–175. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.05.020
- Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310–357. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
- Collins, L. M., & Lanza, S. T. (2010). Latent class and latent transition analysis: With applications in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. Wiley.
- Demir, M., Şimşek, Ö. F., & Procsal, A. D. (2013). I am so happy ‘cause my best friend makes me feel unique: Friendship, personal sense of uniqueness and happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(4), 1201–1224. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9376-9
- Dolberg, P., Sigurðardóttir, S. H., & Trummer, U. (2018). Ageism and older immigrants. In L. Ayalon & C. Tesch-Römer (Eds.), Contemporary perspectives on ageism (pp. 177–191). Springer.
- Dong, X., Bergren, S. M., & Chang, E. S. (2015). Levels of acculturation of Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago Area - The Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 63(9), 1931–1937. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13604
- Dong, X., Chen, R., & Simon, M. A. (2014). Anxiety among community-dwelling US Chinese older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 69(Suppl 2), S61–S67. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu178
- Dong, X., Wong, E., & Simon, M. A. (2014). Study design and implementation of the PINE study. Journal of Aging and Health, 26(7), 1085–1099. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264314526620
- Dong, X., & Zhang, M. (2015). Religiosity among US Chinese older adults in the greater Chicagoarea—Findings from the PINE study. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging, 27(4), 323–342. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15528030.2015.1065540
- Echeverria-Estrada, C., Batalova, J. (2020). Chinese immigrants in the United States. Retrieved from Washington D.C.: http://www.migrationinformation.org/usfocus/display.cfm?ID=781
- Emlet, C. A., Shiu, C., Kim, H.-J., & Fredriksen-Goldsen, K. (2017). Bouncing back: Resilience and mastery among HIV-positive older gay and bisexual men. The Gerontologist, 57(suppl 1), S40–S49. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw171
- Faigin, C. A., & Pargament, K. I. (2011). Strengthened by the spirit: Religion, spirituality, and resilience through adulthood and aging. In B. Resnick, L. Gwyther, & K. Roberto (Eds.), Resilience in aging: Concepts, research (pp. 163–180). Springer.
- Ferrer, I., Lee, Y., & Khan, M. N. (2020). Understanding the lived experiences and financial realities of older immigrants. Canadian Ethnic Studies, 52(2), 53–78. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/ces.2020.0013
- Glantz, M. D., & Sloboda, Z. (2002). Analysis and reconceptualization of resilience. In M. D. Glantz & J. L. Johnson (Eds.), Resilience and development (pp. 109–126). Springer.
- Guo, M., Sabbagh Steinberg, N., Dong, X. Q., & Tiwari, A. (2018). A cross-sectional study of coping resources and mental health of Chinese older adults in the United States. Aging & Mental Health, 22(11), 1448–1455. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1364345
- Guo, M., & Stensland, M. (2018). A systematic review of correlates of depression among older Chinese and Korean immigrants in the United States: What we know and don’t know. Aging & Mental Health, 22(12), 1535–1547. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1383971
- Guo, M., Stensland, M., Li, M., Dong, X., & Tiwari, A. (2019). Is migration at older age associated with poorer psychological well-being? Evidence from Chinese older immigrants in the United States. The Gerontologist, 59(5), 865–876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny066
- Gurak, D. T., & Kritz, M. M. (2010). Elderly Asian and Hispanic foreign- and native-born living arrangements: Accounting for differences. Research on Aging, 32(5), 567–594. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027510377160
- Hooyman, N., & Kiyak, H. A. (2011). Productive aging: Paid and nonpaid roles and activities. In N. Hooyman & H. A. Kiyak (Eds.), Social gerontology: A multidisciplinary perspective. (9 ed., pp. 515–544). Pearson Allyn and Bacon.
- Huang, J., Nam, Y., & Lee, E. J. (2015). Financial capability and economic hardship among low-income older Asian immigrants in a supported employment program. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 36(2), 239–250. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-014-9398-z
- Jang, Y., Chiriboga, D. A., Kim, G., & Rhew, S. (2010). Perceived Discrimination in Older Korean Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 1(2), 129–135. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019967
- Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of illness in the aged: The index of ADL: A standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 185(12), 914–919. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016
- Katz, R., & Lowenstein, A. (1999). Adjustment of older Soviet immigrant parents and their adult children residing in shared households: An intergenerational comparison. Family Relations, 48(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/585681
- Krieger, N., Smith, K., Naishadham, D., Hartman, C., & Barbeau, E. M. (2005). Experiences of discrimination: Validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 61(7), 1576–1596. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.03.006
- Kumpfer, K. L. (2002). Factors and processes contributing to resilience. In M. D. Glantz & J. L. Johnson (Eds.), Resilience and development (pp. 179–224). Springer.
- Lai, D. W., Li, J., Lee, V. W., & Dong, X. (2019). Environmental factors associated with Chinese older immigrants’ social engagement. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67(S3), S571–S576. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15899
- Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1969). A ssessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. The Gerontologist, 9(3 Part 1), 179–186. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/9.3_Part_1.179
- Lee, E.-K O., & Chan, K. (2009). Religious/spiritual and other adaptive coping strategies among Chinese American older immigrants. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52(5), 517–533. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01634370902983203
- Li, H., Ji, Y., & Chen, T. (2014). The roles of different sources of social support on emotional well-being among Chinese elderly. PloS One, 9(3), e90051. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090051
- Liu, J., Dong, X., Nguyen, D., & Lai, D. W. (2017). Family relationships and depressive symptoms among Chinese older immigrants in the United States. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 72(suppl_1), S113–S118. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw138
- Liu, J. Y., Guo, M., Xu, L., Mao, W. Y., & Chi, I. (2017). Family relationships, social connections, and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults in international migrant families. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 26(3), 167–184. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15313204.2016.1206496
- Liu, J., Mao, W., Guo, M., Xu, L., Chi, I., & Dong, X. (2019). Loss of friends and psychological well-being of older Chinese immigrants. Aging & Mental Health, 25(2), 323–331.
- Luthar, S. S., & Cicchetti, D. (2000). The construct of resilience: Implications for interventions and social policies. Development and Psychopathology, 12(4), 857–885. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400004156
- Luthar, S. S., & Cushing, G. (2002). Measurement issues in the empirical study of resilience. In M. D. Glantz & J. L. Johnson (Eds.), Resilience and development (pp. 129–160). Springer.
- Marín, G., Sabogal, F., Marin, B. V., Otero-Sabogal, R., & Perez-Stable, E. J. (1987). Development of a short acculturation scale for Hispanics. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 9(2), 183–205. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412952668.n11
- Mui, A. C. (1999). Living alone and depression among older Chinese immigrants. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 30(3-4), 147–166. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v30n03_12
- Muramatsu, N., Yin, H., & Hedeker, D. (2010). Functional declines, social support, and mental health in the elderly: Does living in a state supportive of home and community-based services make a difference?Social Science & Medicine, 70(7), 1050–1058. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.12.005
- Ostwald, S. K., Bernal, M. P., Cron, S. G., & Godwin, K. M. (2009). Stress experienced by stroke survivors and spousal caregivers during the first year after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 16(2), 93–104. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1310/tsr1602-93
- Park, J., Roh, S., & Yeo, Y. (2012). Religiosity, social support, and life satisfaction among elderly Korean immigrants. The Gerontologist, 52(5), 641–649. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnr103
- Paukert, A. L., Pettit, J. W., Kunik, M. E., Wilson, N., Novy, D. M., Rhoades, H. M., Greisinger, A. J., Wehmanen, O. A., & Stanley, M. A. (2010). The roles of social support and self-efficacy in physical health’s impact on depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 17(4), 387–400. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-010-9211-6
- Pearlin, L. I., & Schooler, C. (1978). The structure of coping. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19(1), 2–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/2136319
- Pumariega, A. J., Rothe, E., & Pumariega, J. B. (2005). Mental health of immigrants and refugees. Community Mental Health Journal, 41(5), 581–597. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-005-6363-1
- Raeifar, E., Halkett, A., Lohman, M. C., & Sirey, J. A. (2017). The relation between mastery, anticipated stigma and depression among older adults in a primary care setting. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 205(10), 801–804. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000686
- Scott, S. B., Jackson, B. R., & Bergeman, C. (2011). What contributes to perceived stress in later life? A recursive partitioning approach. Psychology and Aging, 26(4), 830–843. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023180
- Simon, M. A., Chang, E.-S., Zhang, M., Ruan, J., & Dong, X. (2014). The prevalence of loneliness among US Chinese older adults. Journal of Aging and Health, 26(7), 1172–1188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264314533722
- Soysal, P., Veronese, N., Thompson, T., Kahl, K. G., Fernandes, B. S., Prina, A. M., Solmi, M., Schofield, P., Koyanagi, A., Tseng, P.-T., Lin, P.-Y., Chu, C.-S., Cosco, T. D., Cesari, M., Carvalho, A. F., & Stubbs, B. (2017). Relationship between depression and frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 36, 78–87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.03.005
- Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510395592
- Treas, J. (2008). Transnational older adults and their families. Family Relations, 57(4), 468–478. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00515.x
- Tsai, D. T., & Lopez, R. A. (1998). The use of social supports by elderly Chinese immigrants. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 29(1), 77–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1300/J083v29n01_06
- Werner, E. E. (1993). Risk, resilience, and recovery: Perspectives from the Kauai longitudinal study. Development and Psychopathology, 5(4), 503–515. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457940000612X
- Wong, S. T., Yoo, G. J., & Stewart, A. L. (2007). An empirical evaluation of social support and psychological well-being in older Chinese and Korean immigrants. Ethnicity & Health, 12(1), 43–67. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13557850600824104
- Zhang, W., Liu, S., Zhang, K., & Wu, B. (2020). Neighborhood social cohesion, resilience, and psychological well-being among Chinese older adults in Hawai’i. The Gerontologist, 60(2), 229–238. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz104
- Zhang, M., Simon, M. A., & Dong, X. (2014). The prevalence of perceived stress among US Chinese older adults. AIMS Medical Science, 1(1), 40–56. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3934/medsci.2014.1.40