171
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Risk and Cognition

Examining sociocultural factors in widowhood and cognitive function among older Chinese immigrants: findings from the PINE study

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 2144-2152 | Received 12 Jan 2023, Accepted 11 Apr 2023, Published online: 28 Apr 2023

References

  • Albert, M., Smith, L. A., Scherr, P. A., Taylor, J. O., Evans, D. A., & Funkenstein, H. H. (1991). Use of brief cognitive tests to identify individuals in the community with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease. The International Journal of Neuroscience, 57(3–4), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.3109/00207459109150691
  • Balkwell, C. (1981). Transition to widowhood: A review of the literature. Family Relations, 30(1), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.2307/584245
  • Berry, J. W. (2005). Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(6), 697–712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.013
  • Biddle, K. D., Jacobs, H. I., Uquillas, F. D. O., Zide, B. S., Kirn, D. R., Properzi, M. R., Rentz, D. M., Johnson, K. A., Sperling, R. A., & Donovan, N. J. (2020). Associations of widowhood and β-amyloid with cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired older adults. JAMA Network Open, 3(2), e200121. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.0121
  • Boyle, P. J., Feng, Z., & Raab, G. M. (2011). Does widowhood increase mortality risk? Testing for selection effects by comparing causes of spousal death. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 22(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181fdcc0b
  • Carr, D. (2020). Families in later life. Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 40(1), 43–68.
  • Carr, D., & Utz, R. L. (2020). Families in later life: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 82(1), 346–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12609
  • Chang, E. S., & Dong, X. (2014). A battery of tests for assessing cognitive function in US Chinese older adults—Findings from the PINE study. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 69(Suppl. 2), S23–S30. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu195
  • Chen, R., Simon, M. A., Chang, E. S., Zhen, Y., & Dong, X. (2014). The perception of social support among US Chinese older adults: Findings from the PINE Study. Journal of Aging and Health, 26(7), 1137–1154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264314529332
  • Chi, I., & Chou, K. L. (2001). Social support and depression among elderly Chinese people in Hong Kong. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 52(3), 231–252. https://doi.org/10.2190/V5K8-CNMG-G2UP-37QV
  • Choi, E. Y., Jang, Y., & Chiriboga, D. A. (2020). Gender as a moderator of the effect of education and acculturation on cognitive function: A study of older Korean immigrants. Journal of Aging and Health, 32(10), 1659–1666. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264320950554
  • Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
  • Coleman, D., & Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1993). Leisure and health: The role of social support and self-determination. Journal of Leisure Research, 25(2), 111–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1993.11969913
  • Comijs, H. C., van den Kommer, T. N., Minnaar, R. W., Penninx, B. W., & Deeg, D. J. (2011). Accumulated and differential effects of life events on cognitive decline in older persons: Depending on depression, baseline cognition, or ApoE ε4 status? The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 66B(Suppl. 1), i111–i120. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbr019
  • Cornwell, E. Y., & Waite, L. J. (2009). Measuring social isolation among older adults using multiple indicators from the NSHAP study. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 64B(Suppl. 1), i38–i46. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbp037
  • Das, A. (2013). Spousal loss and health in late life: Moving beyond emotional trauma. Journal of Aging and Health, 25(2), 221–242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264312464498
  • DiNapoli, E. A., Wu, B., & Scogin, F. (2014). Social isolation and cognitive function in Appalachian older adults. Research on Aging, 36(2), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027512470704
  • Dong, X., Bergren, S. M., & Chang, E. S. (2015). Levels of acculturation of Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area—The Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 63(9), 1931–1937. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13604
  • Feng, L., Ng, X. T., Yap, P., Li, J., Lee, T. S., Håkansson, K., Kua, E.-H., & Ng, T. P. (2014). Marital status and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling Chinese older adults: The role of gender and social engagement. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, 4(3), 375–384. https://doi.org/10.1159/000358584
  • Ge, S., Wu, B., Bailey, D. E., Jr., & Dong, X. (2017). Social support, social strain, and cognitive function among community-dwelling US Chinese older adults. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 72(Suppl. 1), S16–S21. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw221
  • Guo, M., & Stensland, M. (2018). A systematic review of correlates of depression among older Chinese and Korean immigrants: What we know and do not know. Aging & Mental Health, 22(12), 1535–1547. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1383971
  • Hanna, M., Batalova, J. (2021). Immigrants from Asia in the United States. Migration Policy Institute. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/immigrants-asia-united-states-2020
  • Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11(2), 213–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(67)90010-4
  • Isherwood, L. M., King, D. S., & Luszcz, M. A. (2012). A longitudinal analysis of social engagement in late-life widowhood. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 74(3), 211–229. https://doi.org/10.2190/AG.74.3.c
  • Jang, Y., & Chiriboga, D. A. (2011). Social activity and depressive symptoms in Korean American older adults: The conditioning role of acculturation. Journal of Aging and Health, 23(5), 767–781. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264310396214
  • Jang, Y., Choi, E. Y., Rhee, M. K., Park, N. S., Chiriboga, D. A., & Kim, M. T. (2020). Determinants of self-rated cognitive health among older Korean Americans. The Gerontologist, 60(2), 250–258. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz134
  • Jang, Y., Choi, E. Y., Wu, B., Dong, X., & Kim, M. T. (2022). Linguistic adaptation and cognitive function in older Chinese and Korean immigrants in the United States: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Aging and Health, 34(6-8), 951–960. https://doi.org/10.1177/08982643221083107
  • Katzman, R., Zhang, M. Y., Wang, Z. Y., Liu, W. T., Yu, E., Wong, S. C., Salmon, D. P., & Grant, I. (1988). A Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination; Impact of illiteracy in a Shanghai dementia survey. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 41(10), 971–978., https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(88)90034-0
  • Kim, B. J., Auh, E., Lee, Y. J., & Ahn, J. (2013). The impact of social capital on depression among older Chinese and Korean immigrants: Similarities and differences. Aging & Mental Health, 17(7), 844–852. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2013.805399
  • Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ‐9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
  • Lee, M. A., & Carr, D. (2007). Does the context of spousal loss affect the physical functioning of older widowed persons? A longitudinal analysis. Research on Aging, 29(5), 457–487. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027507303171
  • Lee, Y., & Chi, I. (2016). Do cognitive leisure activities really matter in the relationship between education and cognition? Evidence from the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS). Aging & Mental Health, 20(3), 252–261. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2015.1011081
  • Lee, Y., Chi, I., & Palinkas, L. (2019). Widowhood, leisure activity engagement, and cognitive function among older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 23(6), 771–780. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2018.1450837
  • Li, J., Xu, L., & Chi, I. (2018). Challenges and resilience related to aging in the United States among older Chinese immigrants. Aging & Mental Health, 22(12), 1548–1555. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1377686
  • Li, L., Liang, J., Toler, A., & Gu, S. (2005). Widowhood and depressive symptoms among older Chinese: Do gender and source of support make a difference? Social Science & Medicine (1982), 60(3), 637–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.06.014
  • Li, M., Guo, M., Stensland, M., & Dong, X. (2021). Family relationships and cognitive function among community-dwelling US Chinese older adults. Research on Aging, 43(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027520939250
  • Marin, G., Sabogal, F., Marin, B. V., Otero-Sabogal, R., & Perez-Stable, E. J. (1987). Development of a short acculturation scale for Hispanics. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 9(2), 183–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863870092005
  • Mui, A. C., Kang, S. Y., Kang, D., & Domanski, M. D. (2007). English language proficiency and health-related quality of life among Chinese and Korean immigrant elders. Health & Social Work, 32(2), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/32.2.119
  • Muruthi, J. R. (2017). The effects of acculturation on the mental and physical health of aging Latino and Asian immigrants: the role of social capital [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia.
  • Pew Research Center (2021). Key facts about Asian Americans. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/04/29/key-facts-about-asian-americans/
  • Ponce, N. A., Hays, R. D., & Cunningham, W. E. (2006). Linguistic disparities in health care access and health status among older adults. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 21(7), 786–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00491.x
  • Riosmena, F., Wong, R., & Palloni, A. (2013). Migration selection, protection, and acculturation in health: A binational perspective on older adults. Demography, 50(3), 1039–1064. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0178-9
  • Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on Psychological Science: A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 5(4), 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610373075
  • Scarmeas, N., & Stern, Y. (2003). Cognitive reserve and lifestyle. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25(5), 625–633. https://doi.org/10.1076/jcen.25.5.625.14576
  • Shin, S. H., Kim, G., & Park, S. (2018). Widowhood status as a risk factor for cognitive decline among older adults. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(7), 778–787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2018.03.013
  • Simon, M. A., Chang, E. S., Rajan, K. B., Welch, M. J., & Dong, X. (2014). Demographic characteristics of US Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area: Assessing the representativeness of the PINE study. Journal of Aging and Health, 26(7), 1100–1115. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264314543472
  • Singham, T., Bell, G., Saunders, R., & Stott, J. (2021). Widowhood and cognitive decline in adults aged 50 and over: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 71, 101461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101461
  • Sommerlad, A., Ruegger, J., Singh-Manoux, A., Lewis, G., & Livingston, G. (2018). Marriage and risk of dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 89(3), 231–238. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-316274
  • Stern, Y. (2002). What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8(3), 448–460. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617702813248
  • Sullivan, A. R., & Fenelon, A. (2014). Patterns of widowhood mortality. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbt079
  • Tang, F., Zhang, W., Chi, I., Li, M., & Dong, X. Q. (2020). Importance of activity engagement and neighborhood to cognitive function among older Chinese Americans. Research on Aging, 42(7-8), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027520917064
  • Tsoh, J. Y., Sentell, T., Gildengorin, G., Le, G. M., Chan, E., Fung, L. C., Pasick, R. J., Stewart, S., Wong, C., Woo, K., Burke, A., Wang, J., McPhee, S. J., & Nguyen, T. T. (2016). Healthcare communication barriers and self-rated health in older Chinese American immigrants. Journal of Community Health, 41(4), 741–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-015-0148-4
  • Utz, R. L., Swenson, K. L., Caserta, M., Lund, D., & DeVries, B. (2014). Feeling lonely versus being alone: Loneliness and social support among recently bereaved persons. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbt075
  • Verghese, J., Lipton, R. B., Katz, M. J., Hall, C. B., Derby, C. A., Kuslansky, G., Ambrose, A. F., Sliwinski, M., & Buschke, H. (2003). Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. The New England Journal of Medicine, 348(25), 2508–2516. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022252
  • Vidarsdottir, H., Fang, F., Chang, M., Aspelund, T., Fall, K., Jonsdottir, M. K., Jonsson, P. V., Cotch, M. F., Harris, T. B., Launer, L. J., Gudnason, V., & Valdimarsdottir, U. (2014). Spousal loss and cognitive function in later life: A 25-year follow-up in the AGES-Reykjavik study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 179(6), 674–683. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt321
  • Wang, B., Dong, X., Simon, M. A., & Li, M. (2019). Different aspects of acculturation and cognitive health among minority older adults. Innovation in Aging, 3(Supplement_1), S31–S31. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.121
  • Wechsler, D. (1987). Wechsler memory scale-revised. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
  • Xu, J., Wu, Z., Schimmele, C. M., & Li, S. (2020). Widowhood and depression: A longitudinal study of older persons in rural China. Aging & Mental Health, 24(6), 914–922. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1571016
  • Yang, F. (2021). Widowhood and loneliness among Chinese older adults: The role of education and gender. Aging & Mental Health, 25(7), 1214–1223. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2020.1732293
  • Yates, L. A., Ziser, S., Spector, A., & Orrell, M. (2016). Cognitive leisure activities and future risk of cognitive impairment and dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. International Psychogeriatrics, 28(11), 1791–1806. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216001137
  • Zhang, Z., Li, L. W., Xu, H., & Liu, J. (2019). Does widowhood affect cognitive function among Chinese older adults? SSM - Population Health, 7, 100329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.100329

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.