Cognitive function among religious and non-religious Europeans: a cross-national cohort study

References

• Agli, O., Bailly, N., & Ferrand, C. (2015). Spirituality and religion in older adults with dementia: A systematic review. International Psycho­geriatrics, 27(5), 715–725. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610214001665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Hvidt, N. C., Kjøller, S. T., Möller, S., & Lindahl-Jacobsen, R. (2019). Religiousness and diseases in Europe: Findings from SHARE. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(6), 1925–1937. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0664-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Lindahl-Jacobsen, R., Rizzi, S., Thinggaard, M., Christensen, K., & Vaupel, J. W. (2018). Comparison of cognitive and physical functioning of Europeans in 2004-05 and 2013. International Journal of Epidemiology, 47(5), 1518–1528. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyy094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrenfeldt, L. J., & Möller, S. (2021). The reciprocal relationship between socioeconomic status and health and the influence of sex: A European SHARE-analysis based on structural equation modeling. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 5045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18095045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Möller, S., Andersen-Ranberg, K., Vitved, A. R., Lindahl-Jacobsen, R., & Hvidt, N. C. (2017). Religiousness and health in Europe. European Journal of Epidemiology, 32(10), 921–929. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-017-0296-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Moller, S., Hvidt, N. C., & Lindahl-Jacobsen, R. (2018). Religiousness and lifestyle among Europeans in SHARE. Public Health, 165, 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.09.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Möller, S., Hvidt, N. C., VanderWeele, T. J., & Stripp, T. A. (2023). Effect of religious service attendance on mortality and hospitalisations among Danish men and women: Longitudinal findings from REGLINK-SHAREDK. European Journal of Epidemiology, 38(3), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-023-00964-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amir, S. N., Juliana, N., Azmani, S., Abu, I. F., Talib, A. H. Q. A., Abdullah, F., Salehuddin, I. Z., Teng, N. I. M. F., Amin, N. A., Azmi, N. A. S. M., & Aziz, N. A. S. A. (2022). Impact of religious activities on quality of life and cognitive function among elderly. Journal of Religion and Health, 61(2), 1564–1584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01408-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergmann, M., Kneip, T., Luca, D., Giuseppe, S., & Annette.   (2017). Survey participation in the survey of health, ageing and retirement (SHARE), wave 1-6. based on release 6.0.0 (March 2017). SHARE Working Paper Series 31-2017. SHARE-ERIC.
   Google Scholar
• Börsch-Supan, A., Brandt, M., Hunkler, C., Kneip, T., Korbmacher, J., Malter, F., Schaan, B., Stuck, S., & Zuber, S., SHARE Central Coordination Team. (2013). Data resource profile: The survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE). International Journal of Epidemiology, 42(4), 992–1001. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyt088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britt, K. C., Kwak, J., Acton, G., Richards, K. C., Hamilton, J., & Radhakrishnan, K. (2022a). Measures of religion and spirituality in dementia: An integrative review. Alzheimer’s & Dementia (New York, N. Y.), 8(1), e12352. https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12352
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Britt, K. C., Richards, K. C., Acton, G., Hamilton, J., & Radhakrishnan, K. (2022b). Older adults with dementia: Association of prayer with neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive function, and sleep disturbances. Religions, 13(10), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13100973
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, Y., Park, S., Cho, K. H., Chun, S. Y., & Park, E. C. (2016). A change in social activity affect cognitive function in middle-aged and older Koreans: Analysis of a Korean longitudinal study on aging (2006–2012). International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(8), 912–919. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.4408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clifford, A., Lang, L., Chen, R., Anstey, K. J., & Seaton, A. (2016). Exposure to air pollution and cognitive functioning across the life course–A systematic literature review. Environmental Research, 147, 383–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coin, A., Perissinotto, E., Najjar, M., Girardi, A., Inelmen, E. M., Enzi, G., Manzato, E., & Sergi, G. (2010). Does religiosity protect against cognitive and behavioral decline in Alzheimer’s dementia? Current Alzheimer Research, 7(5), 445–452. https://doi.org/10.2174/156720510791383886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corsentino, E. A., Collins, N., Sachs-Ericsson, N., & Blazer, D. G. (2009). Religious attendance reduces cognitive decline among older women with high levels of depressive symptoms. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 64(12), 1283–1289. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glp116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das, A. (2022). Religious attendance and global cognitive function: A fixed-effects cross-lagged panel modeling study of older U.S. adults. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 292, 114580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114580
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hale, C. D., & Astolfi, D. (2011). Retrived from Standardized testing: Introduction measuring learning & performance: A primer (2nd ed., pp. 183–197). Saint Leo University. http://www.charlesdennishale.com/.
   Google Scholar
• Henderson, A. K., Walsemann, K. M., & Ailshire, J. A. (2022). Religious involvement and cognitive functioning at the intersection of race-ethnicity and gender among midlife and older adults. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 77(1), 237–248. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herold, S. C., Hvidt, N. C., Möller, S., Christensen, K., & Ahrenfeldt, L. J. (2022). Is religiousness associated with better lifestyle and health among Danes? Findings from SHARE. Journal of Religion and Health, 61(2), 1621–1640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01050-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, T. D. (2008). Religious involvement and healthy cognitive aging: Patterns, explanations, and future directions. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63(5), 478–479. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/63.5.478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, T. D., Burdette, A. M., Angel, J. L., & Angel, R. J. (2006). Religious attendance and cognitive functioning among older Mexican Americans. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 61(1), P3–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/61.1.p3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, T. D., Carr, D. C., Burdette, A. M., & Dowd-Arrow, B. (2020). Life-course religious attendance and cognitive functioning in later life. Research on Aging, 42(7-8), 217–225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027520917059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseini, S., Chaurasia, A., & Oremus, M. (2019). The effect of religion and spirituality on cognitive function: A systematic review. The Gerontologist, 59(2), e76–e85. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inzelberg, R., Afgin, A. E., Massarwa, M., Schechtman, E., Israeli-Korn, S. D., Strugatsky, R., Abuful, A., Kravitz, E., Farrer, L. A., & Friedland, R. P. (2013). Prayer at midlife is associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline in Arabic women. Current Alzheimer Research, 10(3), 340–346. https://doi.org/10.2174/1567205011310030014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, E. S., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2019). Mediators of the association between religious service attendance and mortality. American Journal of Epidemiology, 188(1), 96–101. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwy211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraal, A. Z., Sharifian, N., Zaheed, A. B., Sol, K., & Zahodne, L. B. (2019). Dimensions of religious involvement represent positive pathways in cognitive aging. Research on Aging, 41(9), 868–890. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027519862745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linardakis, M., Papadaki, A., Smpokos, E., Sarri, K., Vozikaki, M., & Philalithis, A. (2015). Are religiosity and prayer use related with multiple behavioural risk factors for chronic diseases in European adults aged 50+ years? Public Health, 129(5), 436–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2015.02.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGue, M., & Christensen, K. (2001). The heritability of cognitive functioning in very old adults: Evidence from Danish twins aged 75 years and older. Psychology and Aging, 16(2), 272–280. https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.16.2.272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen, C. R., Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Jeune, B., Christensen, K., & Lindahl-Jacobsen, R. (2022). Development in life expectancy with good and poor cognitive function in the elderly European population from 2004-05 to 2015. European Journal of Epidemiology, 37(5), 495–502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-022-00860-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Opsahl, T., Ahrenfeldt, L. J., Moller, S., & Hvidt, N. C. (2019). Religiousness and depressive symptoms in Europeans: Findings from the survey of health, ageing, and retirement in Europe. Public Health, 175, 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.07.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orr, J., Ward, M., Kenny, R. A., & McGarrigle, C. A. (2021). Mini-mental state examination trajectories after age 50 by religious affiliation and practice in Ireland. European Journal of Ageing, 18(4), 565–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-020-00597-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, S. J., Gow, A. J., & Deary, I. J. (2014). Religiosity is negatively associated with later-life intelligence, but not with age-related cognitive decline. Intelligence, 46, 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2014.04.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Royer, M. F., Guerithault, N., Braden, B. B., Laska, M. N., & Bruening, M. (2021). Food insecurity is associated with cognitive function: A systematic review of findings across the life course. International Journal of Translational Medicine, 1(3), 205–222. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtm1030015
   Google Scholar
• Stebbins, R. C., Maselko, J., Yang, Y. C., Plassman, B. L., Edwards, J. K., & Aiello, A. E. (2022). Lifecourse traumatic events and cognitive aging in the health and retirement study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 63(5), 818–826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.05.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Ness, P. H., & Kasl, S. V. (2003). Religion and cognitive dysfunction in an elderly cohort. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(1), S21–S29. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/58.1.s21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VanderWeele, T. J. (2017). Religion and health in Europe: Cultures, countries, context. European Journal of Epidemiology, 32(10), 857–861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-017-0310-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolters, F. J., & Ikram, M. (2018). Epidemiology of dementia: The burden on society, the challenges for research. In R. Perneczky (Ed.), Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease drug development (pp. 3–14). Springer New York.
   Google Scholar
• Yeager, D. M., Glei, D. A., Au, M., Lin, H. S., Sloan, R. P., & Weinstein, M. (2006). Religious involvement and health outcomes among older persons in Taiwan. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 63(8), 2228–2241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.05.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar