The mediating role of health-related behavior in the relationship between wisdom and depressive symptoms in older Polish adults

References

• Albiński, R., Kleszczewska-Albińska, A., & Bedyńska, S. (2011). Geriatryczna Skala Depresji (GDS). Trafność i rzetelność różnych wersji tego narzȩdzia - Przegla̧d badań. Psychiatria polska, 45(4), 555–562.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almeida, O.P. (2014). Prevention of depression in older age. Maturitas, 79(2), 136–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.03.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardelt, M. (2000). Antecedents and effects of wisdom in old age: A longitudinal perspective on aging well. Research on Aging, 22(4), 360–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027500224003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardelt, M. (2003). Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale. Research on Aging, 25(3), 275–324. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027503025003004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardelt, M. (2005). How wise people cope with crises and obstacles in life. ReVision, 28(1), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.3200/REVN.28.1.7-19
   Google Scholar
• Ardelt, M. (2019). Wisdom and well-being. In R. J. Sternberg & J. Glück (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of wisdom (pp. 602–625) Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108568272.028
   Google Scholar
• Ardelt, M., & Edwards, C.A. (2016). Wisdom at the end of life: An analysis of mediating and moderating relations between wisdom and subjective well-being. The Journals of Gerontology-Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 71(3), 502–513. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbv051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardelt, M., & Jeste, D.V. (2018). Wisdom and hard times: The ameliorating effect of wisdom on the negative association between adverse life events and well-being. The Journals of Gerontology-Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 73(8), 1374–1383. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baltes, P., & Baltes, M. (1990). Psychological Perspectives on Successful Aging: The Model of Selective Optimization with Compensation. In P. Baltes, & M. Baltes (Eds.), Successful Aging: Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences (pp. 1-34.). New York: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511665684
   Google Scholar
• Baltes, P.B., Baltes, M.M., & Baltes, M.M. (1990). Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation. In Paul B. Baltes (Ed.), Successful aging: Perspectives from the behavioral sciences (pp. 1–34). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baltes, P.B., & Freund, A.M. (2003). The intermarriage of wisdom and selective optimization with compensation: Two meta-heuristics guiding the conduct of life. In C.L.M. Keyes & J. Haidt (Ed.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (pp. 249–273). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Baltes, P.B., & Staudinger, U.M. (2000). Wisdom: A metaheuristic (pragmatic) to orchestrate mind and virtue toward excellence. The American Psychologist, 55(1), 122–136. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (2004). Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education & Behavior, 31(2), 143–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198104263660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bangen, K.J., Meeks, T.W., & Jeste, D.V. (2013). Defining and assessing wisdom: A review of the literature. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(12), 1254–1266. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAGP.2012.11.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyera, G.K., O’Brien, J., & Campbell, S. (2022). Choosing a health behaviour theory or model for related research projects: A narrative review. Journal of Research in Nursing, 27(5), 436–446. https://doi.org/10.1177/17449871211051566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blazer, D.G., & Hybels, C.F. (2005). Origins of depression in later life. Psychological Medicine, 35(9), 1241–1252. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291705004411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourke, M., Patten, R.K., Dash, S., Pascoe, M., Craike, M., Firth, J., Bailey, A., Jacka, F., & Parker, A.G. (2022). The effect of interventions that target multiple modifiable health behaviors on symptoms of anxiety and depression in young people: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(2), 208–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brienza, J.P., Kung, F.Y.H., Santos, H.C., Ramona Bobocel, D., & Grossmann, I. (2018). Wisdom, bias, and balance: Toward a process-sensitive measurement of wisdom-related cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 115(6), 1093–1126. https://doi.org/10.1037/PSPP0000171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carver, C.S., & Scheier, M.F. (2000). On the structure of behavioral self-regulation. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. B. T. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 41–84). Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, H., & Wang, F. (2021). Wisdom in old age. Advances in Psychological Science, 29(5), 885–893. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00885
   Google Scholar
• Clayton, V.P., & Birren, J.E. (1980). The development of wisdom across the life-span: A reexamination of an ancient topic. In P. B. Baltes & J. O. G. Brim (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (pp. 103–135). Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Conner, M., & Norman, P. (2001). Health behavior. In D. W. Johnston, M. Johnston, A.S. Bellack, & M. Hersen (Eds.), Health psychology, comprehensive clinical psychology (vol. 8, pp. 1–37). Elsevier B.V.
   Google Scholar
• Denkinger, M.D., Lukas, A., Nikolaus, T., Peter, R., & Franke, S, ActiFE Study Group. (2014). Multisite pain, pain frequency and pain severity are associated with depression in older adults: Results from the ActiFE Ulm study. Age and Ageing, 43(4), 510–514. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afu013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Gangi, J.A., Jason, L.A., Mendoza, L., Miller, S.A., & Contreras, R. (2013). The relationship between wisdom and abstinence behaviors in women in recovery from substance abuse. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 39(1), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2012.702172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, M., Weststrate, N.M., & Fournier, M.A. (2023). Thirty years of psychological wisdom research: What we know about the correlates of an ancient concept. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 18(4), 778–811. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916221114096
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etezadi, S., & Pushkar, D. (2013). Why are wise people happier? An explanatory model of wisdom and emotional well-being in older adults. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(3), 929–950. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9362-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3rd Edition). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Garrido, F.A.S., Tamiya, N., Lloyd-Sherlock, P., & Noguchi, H. (2016). Relation of depression with health behaviors and social conditions of dependent community-dwelling older persons in the Republic of Chile. International Psychogeriatrics, 28(12), 2029–2043. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216001228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geerlings, S.W., Twisk, J.W.R., Beekman, A.T.F., Deeg, D.J.H., & van Tilburg, W. (2002). Longitudinal relationship between pain and depression in older adults: Sex, age and physical disability. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 37(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s127-002-8210-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glanz, K., Rimer, B.K., & Viswanath, K. (2015). Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Glück, J., König, S., Naschenweng, K., Redzanowski, U., Dorner, L., Straßer, I., & Wiedermann, W. (2013). How to measure wisdom: Content, reliability, and validity of five measures. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 405. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gochman, D.S. (1997). Demography, development and diversity of health behavior: An integration. In D. S. Gochman (Ed.), Handbook of health behavior research III (pp. 325–350) Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Grossmann, I., Na, J., Varnum, M.E.W., Kitayama, S., & Nisbett, R.E. (2013). A route to well-being: Intelligence versus wise reasoning. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General, 142(3), 944–953. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossmann, I., Weststrate, N.M., Ardelt, M., Brienza, J.P., Dong, M., Ferrari, M., Fournier, M.A., Hu, C.S., Nusbaum, H.C., & Vervaeke, J. (2020). The science of wisdom in a polarized world: Knowns and unknowns. Psychological Inquiry, 31(2), 103–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2020.1750917
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, A.F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis. Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hong, S.-I., Hasche, L., & Bowland, S. (2009). Structural relationships between social activities and longitudinal trajectories of depression among older adults. The Gerontologist, 49(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnp006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang, B.N., Lee, H.J., Joo, J.H., Park, E.C., & Jang, S.I. (2020). Association between health behaviours and depression: Findings from a national cross-sectional study in South Korea. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 238. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12888-020-02628-7/FIGURES/2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John, O.P., & Gross, J.J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1301–1333. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00298.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadri, A., Leddy, A., Gracey, F., & Laidlaw, K. (2022). Wisdom enhancement and life skills to augment CBT outcomes for depression in later life: A series of N-of-1 trials. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 50(5), 508–527. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465822000224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaida, N., & Kaida, K. (2016). Pro-environmental behavior correlates with present and future subjective well-being. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 18(1), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-015-9629-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelder, S.H., Hoelscher, D., & Perry, C.L. (2015). How individuals, environments, and health behaviors interact: Social cognitive theory. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, & K. Viswanath (Eds.), Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice (5th ed., pp. 159–181). Jossey-Bass/Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Kenny, D.A. (2017). MedPower: An interactive tool for the estimation of power in tests of mediation [Computer software]. https://davidakenny.shinyapps.io/MedPower/.
   Google Scholar
• Kyung Kim, H. (2016). Effects of perceived health status, self-efficacy, lifestyle habits, and wisdom on health conservation among middle-aged women. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(48). https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i48/100891
   Google Scholar
• Lee, E.E., Bangen, K.J., Avanzino, J.A., Hou, B.C., Ramsey, M., Eglit, G., Liu, J., Tu, X.M., Paulus, M., & Jeste, D.V. (2020). Outcomes of randomized clinical trials of interventions to enhance social, emotional, and spiritual components of wisdom: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, 77(9), 925–935. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lotfaliany, M., Hoare, E., Jacka, F.N., Kowal, P., Berk, M., & Mohebbi, M. (2019). Variation in the prevalence of depression and patterns of association, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in community-dwelling older adults in six low- and middle-income countries. Journal of Affective Disorders, 251, 218–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAD.2019.01.054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, W., Pikhart, H., & Sacker, A. (2019). Domains and measurements of healthy aging in epidemiological studies: A review. The Gerontologist, 59(4), e294–e310. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCabe, B.W., Hertzog, M., Grasser, C.M., & Walker, S.N. (2005). Practice of health-promoting behaviors by nursing home residents. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 27(8), 1000–1016. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945905278879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meeks, T.W., & Jeste, D.V. (2009). Neurobiology of wisdom: A literature overview. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66(4), 355–365. https://doi.org/10.1001/ARCHGENPSYCHIATRY.2009.8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikaeili, N., & Hedayat, S. (2020). Depression in the elderly: Investigating the role of self-compassion and wisdom. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 21(2), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.30486/jsrp.2019.1865286.1770
   Google Scholar
• Netuveli, G., & Watts, P. (2020). Pro-environmental behaviours and attitudes are associated with health, wellbeing and life satisfaction in multiple occupancy households in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Population and Environment, 41(3), 347–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-020-00337-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogińska-Bulik, N., Zadworna-Cieślak, M., & Rogala, E. (2015). Rola zasobów osobistych w podejmowaniu zachowań zdrowotnych przez osoby w wieku senioralnym [Role of personal resources in prediction of health behaviors in seniors]. Probllemy Higieny i Epidemiologii, 96(3), 570–577.
   Google Scholar
• Peel, N.M., McClure, R.J., & Bartlett, H.P. (2005). Behavioral determinants of healthy aging. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28(3), 298–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2004.12.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, C., & Seligman, M.E.P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Roháriková, V., Špajdel, M., Cviková, V., & Jagla, F. (2013). Tracing the relationship between wisdom and health. Activitas Nervosa Superior Rediviva, 55(3), 95–102.
   Google Scholar
• Saint Onge, J.M., Krueger, P.M., & Rogers, R.G. (2014). The relationship between major depression and nonsuicide mortality for U.S. adults: The importance of health behaviors. The Journals of Gerontology-Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69(4), 622–632. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbu009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarris, J., O’Neil, A., Coulson, C. E., Schweitzer, I., & Berk, M. (2014). Lifestyle medicine for depression. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-107
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schachter-Shalomi, Z., & Miller, R. S. (1997). From age-ing to sage-ing: A profound new vision of growing older. Warner Books.
   Google Scholar
• Schwarzer, R., Lippke, S., Kwon, S., Luszczynska, A., Mallach, N., Renner, B., Reuter, T., Scholz, U., Schüz, B., Sniehotta, F., Wiedemann, A., & Ziegelmann, J. (2008). Modeling health behavior change: How to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Applied Psychology, 57(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seligman, M.E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. An introduction. The American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seo, J.Y., & Chao, Y.Y. (2018). Effects of exercise interventions on depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in the United States: A systematic review. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44(3), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20171024-01
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharpe, L., McDonald, S., Correia, H., Raue, P.J., Meade, T., Nicholas, M., & Arean, P. (2017). Pain severity predicts depressive symptoms over and above individual illnesses and multimorbidity in older adults. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 166. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1334-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Son, J. S., Kerstetter, D. L., Mowen, A. J., & Payne, L. L. (2009). Global Self-Regulation and Outcome Expectations: Influences on Constraint Self-Regulation and Physical Activity. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 17(3), 307–326. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.17.3.307
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Poland. (2022). Sytuacja osób starszych w Polsce w 2021 r [The situation of older adults in Poland in 2021]. https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/osoby-starsze/osoby-starsze/sytuacja-osob-starszych-w-polsce-w-2021-roku,2,4.html.
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg, R.J., & Glück, J. (2019). The Cambridge Handbook of Wisdom (pp. 1–813). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108568272
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg, R.J., Reznitskaya, A., & Jarvin, L. (2007). Teaching for wisdom: What matters is not just what students know, but how they use it. London Review of Education, 5(2), 143–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/14748460701440830
   Google Scholar
• Steuden, S., Brudek, P., & Izdebski, P. (2016). A Polish adaptation of Monika Ardelt’s Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS). Roczniki Psychologiczne, 19(4), 769–792. https://doi.org/10.18290/rpsych.2016.19.4-4en
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (1999). Healthy living: What is a healthy lifestyle? https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/108180
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2015). World report on ageing and health. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/186463/9789240694811_eng.pdf?sequence=1.
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, P., Ruane, C., & Tempest, K. (2018). Depression in older adults. British Medical Journal, 363, k4922. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJ.K4922
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Worthy, D.A., Gorlick, M.A., Pacheco, J.L., Schnyer, D.M., & Maddox, W.T. (2011). With age comes wisdom: Decision-making in younger and older adults. Psychological Science, 22(11), 1375–1380. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611420301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yesavage, J.A., Brink, T.L., Rose, T.L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V.O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zacher, H., & Staudinger, U.M. (2018). Wisdom and well-being. In E. Diener, S. Oishi, & L. Tay (Eds.), Handbook of well-being (pp. 1–15). DEF Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Zadworna-Cieślak, M. (2017). The measurement of health-related behavior in late adulthood: The Health-Related Behavior Questionnaire for seniors. Roczniki Psychologiczne [Annals of Psychology], 20(3), 599–617. https://doi.org/10.18290/rpsych.2017.20.3-3en
   Google Scholar
• Zadworna-Cieślak, M. (2020). Spirituality, satisfaction with life and health-related behavior of older residents of long-term care institutions—a pilot study. Explore, 16(2), 123–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2019.07.016
   Google Scholar
• Zadworna, M. (2020). Healthy aging and the university of the third age – health behavior and subjective health outcomes in older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 90, 104126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zadworna, M. (2023). Effects of wisdom on mental health in old age: Exploring the pathways through developmental tasks attainment and self-rated health. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 4541–4554. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S429918
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zadworna, M., & Kossakowska, K. (2021). Health behavior among Polish institutionalized older adults: The effect of resiliency mediated by satisfaction with life. Journal of Public Health, 29(3), 725–733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01301-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zadworna, M., & Stetkiewicz-Lewandowicz, A. (2023). The relationships between wisdom, positive orientation and health-related behavior in older adults. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 16724. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43868-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zawadzki, S.J., Steg, L., & Bouman, T. (2020). Meta-analytic evidence for a robust and positive association between individuals’ pro-environmental behaviors and their subjective wellbeing. Environmental Research Letters, 15(12), 123007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abc4ae
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar