- AGARD-JONES , L. 1993 . Implementing multicultural education: the New York City experience . Multicultural Education , 1 : 13 – 15 .
- BANKS , C.A.M. 1996 . “ The intergroup education movement ” . In Multicultural Education, Transformative Knowledge, & Action: historical and contemporary perspectives , Edited by: BANKS , J. A. New York : Teachers College Press .
- BANKS , J.A. 1995 . “ Multicultural education: historical development, dimensions, and practice ” . In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education , Edited by: BANKS , J. A. and BANKS , C. A. M. New York : Macmillan .
- BANKS , J.A. , ed. 1996 . Multicultural Education, Transformative Knowledge, & Action: historical and contemporary perspectives , New York : Teachers College Press .
- BANKS , J.A. , ed. 2001 . Cultural Diversity and Education: foundations, curriculum, and teaching, , 4th edn , Boston, MA : Allyn & Bacon .
- BANKS , J.A. and BANKS , C.A.M. , eds. 2001 . Multicultural Education: issues and perspectives, , 4th edn , New York : John Wiley & Sons .
- BANKS , J.A. , COOKSON , P. , GAY , G. , HAWLEY , W.D. , IRVINE , JJ. , NIETO , S. , SCHOLFIELD , J.W. and STEPHAN , W.G. 2001 . Diversity with Unity: essential principles for teaching and learning in a multicultural society , Seattle, WA : Center for Multicultural Education .
- BERGER , J. 2002 . The odd circle of school control . New York Times , 16 June : 20
- COCHRAN-SMITH , M. 1999 . “ Learning to teach for social justice ” . In The Education of Teachers: 98th yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education , Edited by: GRIFFIN , G. Chicago, IL : University of Chicago Press . part 1
- CORNBLETH , C. and WAUGH , D. 1993 . The great speckled bird: education policy-in-the-making . Educational Researcher , 22 : 31 – 37 .
- CORNBLETH , C. and WAUGH , D. 1995 . The Great Speckled Bird: multicultural politics and education policymaking , New York : St Martin's Press .
- CRAWFORD , J. 2001 . At War with Diversity: U.S. language policy in an age of anxiety , Clevedon : Multilingual Matters .
- CROWLEY , P.M. and GARCIA , M.L. New curriculum developments: an investigative survey of New York City's community school districts' response to the Chancellor's Action Plan for Multicultural Education . paper presented at Teachers College, Columbia University Conference on Urban Education . New York.
- DONATO , R. 1997 . The Other Struggle for Equal Schools: Mexican Americans during the Civil Rights era , Albany, NY : State University of New York Press .
- DRISCOLL , A. and LYNTON , E. 1999 . Making Outreach Visible: a guide to documenting professional service and outreach , Washington, DC : American Association for Higher Education .
- FANTINI , M. , GITTELL , M. and MAGAT , R. 1970 . Community Control and the Urban School , New York : Praeger .
- FOWLER , F. 1999 . Policy Studies for Educational Leaders , Paramus : Prentice-Hall .
- GAY , G. 1994a . At the Essence of Learning: multicultural education , West Lafayette, IN : Kappa Delta Pi .
- GAY , G. 1994b . Bridging multicultural theory and practice . Multicultural Education , 3 : 4 – 9 .
- GAY , G. 2000 . Culturally Responsive Teaching: theory, research, and practice , New York : Teachers College Press .
- GAY , G. 2001 . “ Educational equity for students of color ” . In Multicultural Education: issues & perspectives , Edited by: BANKS , J. A. and BANKS , C. A. M. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
- GILES , R.H. and GOLLNICK , D.M. 1977 . “ Ethnic/cultural diversity as reflected in federal and state educational legislation and policies ” . In Pluralism and the American Teacher: issues and case studies , Edited by: KLASSEN , F. H. and GOLLNICK , D. M. Washington, DC : American Association ofColleges for Teacher Education .
- GOLLNICK , D.M. 1995 . “ National and state initiatives for multicultural education ” . In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education , Edited by: BANKS , J. A. and BANKS , C. A. M. New York : Macmillan .
- GRANT , C. and MILLAR , S. 1992 . “ Research and multicultural education: barriers, needs, and boundaries ” . In Research and Multicultural Education , Edited by: GRANT , C. London : Palmer Press .
- HESS , G.A. 1999 . Community participation or control? From New York to Chicago . Theory Into Practice , 38 : 217 – 224 .
- HOWARD , G.R. 1999 . We Can't Teach What We Don't Know: white teachers, multiracial schools , New York : Teachers College Press .
- JOHNSON , L. and JOSHEE , R. A comparative view of multicultural policy in the United States and Canada: symbol or substance? . Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . New Orleans.
- JOHNSON , L. Partnerships for parent involvement: using a parent needs assessment to leverage school reform . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . Seattle.
- JOHNSON , L. 'America never was America to me': the politics of recognition and multicultural policy in the United States . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . April , New Orleans.
- JOHNSON , L. 2002b . 'Making democracy real': teacher union and community activism to promote diversity in the New York City public schools, 1935-1950 . Urban Education , 37 : 566 – 587 .
- KAILIN , J. 2002 . Antiracist Education: from theory to practice , Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield .
- KARP , S. 1995 . “ Trouble over the rainbow ” . In Rethinking Schools: an agenda for change , Edited by: LEVINE , D. , LOWE , R. , PETERSON , B. and TENERIO , R. New York : The New Press .
- LADSON-BILLINGS , G. 1995 . Toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy . American Educational Research Journal , 32 : 465 – 491 .
- MARGONIS , F. and PARKER , L. 1999 . Choice: the route to community control? . Theory Into Practice , 38 : 203 – 208 .
- MARSHALL , C. , ed. 1993 . The New Politics of Race and Gender: the 1992 yearbook of the Politics of Education Association , Washington, DC : Palmer Press .
- MAY , S. , ed. 1999 . Critical Multiculturalism: rethinking multicultural and antiracist education , London : Palmer Press .
- MONTALTO , N.V. 1981 . “ Multicultural education in the New York City public schools, 1919-1941 ” . In Educating an Urban People: the New York City experience , Edited by: RAVITCH , D. and GOODENOW , R. K. New York : Teachers College Press .
- MURTADHA-WATTS , K. Negotiating the primacy of culture, race, and class with city school accountability policy formation . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the University Council of Education Administration . Minneapolis, MN.
- NAKANISHI , D. and NISHIDA , T. 1995 . The Asian American Educational Experience: a sourcebook for teachers and students , New York : Routledge .
- NEBRASKA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION . 1993 . Rule 16: approval of school district multicultural education programs, Title 92, Nebraska Administrative Code, Chapter 16 , Lincoln, NB : Nebraska Department of Education .
- NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF EDUCATION . 1989 . Statement of Policy on Multicultural Education and Promotion of Positive Intergroup Relations , New York : New York City Board of Education .
- NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF EDUCATION . 1990 . Children of the Rainbow: kindergarten , New York : New York City Board of Education .
- NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF EDUCATION . 1991 . Children of the Rainbow: first grade , New York : New York City Board of Education .
- NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF EDUCATION . 1995 . Restatement and Strengthening of Policy on Multicultural Education , New York : New York City Board of Education .
- NOGUERA , P. 2001a . “ Transforming urban schools through investments in the social capital of parents ” . In Social Capital and Poor Communities , Edited by: SAEGERT , S. , THOMPSON , J. P. and WARREN , M. R. New York : Russell Sage Foundation .
- NOGUERA , P. 2001b . “ The racial achievement gap: how can we assure an equity of outcomes? ” . Buffalo, NY : Urban Education Institute, University at Buffalo . Invited Address for Urban Education Month,
- OAKES , J. and LIPTON , M. 1999 . Teaching to Change the World , New York : McGraw-Hill .
- PERRY , T. and DELPIT , L. , eds. 1998 . The Real Ebonics Debate: power, language, and the education of African American children , Boston, MA : Beacon Press .
- PLACIER , M. , HALL , P.M. and DAVIS , B.J. 1997 . “ Making multicultural education policy: the transformation of intentions ” . In Race, Ethnicity, and Multiculturalism: policy and practice , Edited by: HALL , P. M. New York : Garland .
- PODAIR , J.E. 2002 . The Strike that Changed New York: blacks, whites, and the Oceanhill-Brownsville crisis , New Haven, CT : Yale University Press .
- SAN MIGUEL , G. 2001 . Brown, Not White: school integration and the Chicane movement in Houston , College Station, TX : Texas A & M University Press .
- SLEETER , C. 1995 . “ An analysis of the critiques of multicultural education ” . In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education , Edited by: BANKS , J. A. and BANKS , C. A. M. New York : Macmillan .
- SLEETER , C.E. 1996 . Multicultural Education as Social Activism , Albany, NY : State University of New York Press .
- SLEETER , C. and GRANT , C. 1999 . Making Choices for Multicultural Education: five approaches to race, class, and gender, , 3rd edn. , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Merrill .
- SMITH , M.L. , HEINECKE , W. and NOBLE , AJ. 1999 . Assessment policy and political spectacle . Teachers College Record , 10 : 157 – 191 .
- STEPHAN , W. 1999 . Reducing Prejudice and Stereotyping in the Schools , New York : Teachers College Press .
- TAKAKI , R. 1993 . A Different Mirror: a history of multicultural America , Boston, MA : Little Brown .
- TAYLOR , SJ.L. 1998 . Desegregation in Boston and Buffalo: the influence of local leaders , Albany, NY : State University of New York Press .
- TROYNA , B. 1992 . Racism in Children's Lives: a study of mainly-white primary schools , London : Routledge .
- US HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . 1975 . A Compilation of Federal Education Laws as Amended through December 31, 1974 , Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
- YOUNG , M. and LAIBLE , J. 2000 . White racism, antiracism, and school leadership preparation . Journal of School Leadership , 10 : 374 – 415 .
Multicultural Policy as Social Activism: Redefining who 'counts' in multicultural education
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.