Citizenship education in divided societies: teachers' perspectives in Northern Ireland

References

• Arlow , M. 2004 . “ Citizenship education in a divided society ” . In Education, conflict and social cohesion , Edited by: Tawil , S. and Harley , A. Geneva : UNESCO International Bureau of Education .
   Google Scholar
• Ashe , F. 2009 . The pedagogical challenges of teaching sexual politics in the context of ethnic division . Enhancing learning in the social sciences , 2 ( 2 ) : 50 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Banks , J.A. 2008 . Diversity, group identity, and citizenship education in a global age . Educational researcher , 37 ( 3 ) : 129 – 139 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Tal , D. 1996 . Development of social categories and stereotypes in early childhood: the case of ‘the Arab’ concept formation, stereotype and attitudes by Jewish children in Israel . International journal of intercultural relations , 20 : 341 – 370 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Tal , D. , Rosen , Y. and Nets-Zehngut , R. 2010 . “ Peace education in societies involved in intractable conflicts: goals, conditions and directions ” . In Handbook of peace education , Edited by: Salomon , G. and Cairns , E. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Bickmore , K. 2006 . Democratic social cohesion (assimilation)? Representations of social conflict in Canadian public school curriculum . Canadian journal of education , 29 ( 2 ) : 359 – 386 .
   Google Scholar
• Bickmore , K. 2007 . “ Linking global with local: cross-cultural conflict education ” . In Education, conflict and reconciliation: international perspectives , Edited by: Leach , F. and Dunne , M. Berne : Peter Lang .
   Google Scholar
• Borooah , V.K. and Mangan , J. 2007 . Love thy neighbour: how much bigotry is there in Western countries? . Kyklos , 60 (3) : 295 – 317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun , V. and Clarke , V. 2006 . Using thematic analysis in psychology . Qualitative research in psychology , 3 : 77 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• CCEA (Council for the Curriculum Examinations and Assessment) . 2006 . Local and global citizenship at fey stage 3, preliminary evaluation findings , Coleraine : UNESCO Centre, School of Education, University of Ulster .
   Google Scholar
• Davies , L. 2005 . Teaching about conflict through citizenship education . International journal of citizenship and teacher education , 1 ( 2 ) : 17 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Department of Education Northern Ireland, 2011. Integrated schools, [online]. Available from: http://www.deni.gov.uk/index/85-schools/10-types_of_school-nischools_pg/16-schools-integratedschools_pg.htm .
   Google Scholar
• Donnelly , C. 2004 . Constructing the ethos of tolerance and respect in an integrated school: the role of teachers . British educational research journal , 30 ( 2 ) : 263 – 278 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnelly , C. and Hughes , J. 2006 . Contact, culture and context: evidence from mixed faith schools in Northern Ireland and Israel . Comparative education , 42 ( 4 ) : 493 – 516 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elwood , J. 2004 . Equality awareness in teacher education and training in Northern Ireland: summary report , Belfast : Equality Commission for Northern Ireland .
   Google Scholar
• Faulks , K. 2006 . Rethinking citizenship education in England: some lessons from contemporary social and political theory . Education, citizenship and social justice , 1 ( 2 ) : 123 – 140 .
   Google Scholar
• Giroux , H.A. 1984 . Ideology, culture and the process of schooling , Philadelphia, PA : Temple University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hess , D.E. 2004 . Controversies about controversial issues in democratic education . Political science and politics , 37 ( 2 ) : 257 – 261 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hess , D.E. 2008 . “ Controversial issues and democratic discourse ” . In Handbook of research in social studies education , Edited by: Levstick , L.S. and Thyson , C.A. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Hewstone , M. 2005 . “ Intergroup contact in a divided society: challenging segregation in Northern Ireland ” . In The social psychology of inclusion and exclusion , Edited by: Abrams , D. , Hogg , M.A. and Marques , J.M. Philadelphia, PA : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , J. 2008 . Peace, reconciliation and a shared future: a policy shift or more of the same? . Community development journal , 44 ( 1 ) : 2 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Jarman , N. 2005 . Changing patterns and future planning: migration and Northern Ireland , Belfast : Institute for Conflict Research .
   Google Scholar
• Jarman , N. and Tennant , A. 2003 . An acceptable prejudice? Homophobic violence and harassment in Northern Ireland , Belfast : Institute for Conflict Research .
   Google Scholar
• Kerr , D. , McCarthy , S. and Smith , A. 2002 . Citizenship education in England, Ireland and Northern Ireland . European journal of education , 37 ( 2 ) : 179 – 191 .
   Google Scholar
• Kimmel , M.S. 2007 . “ Masculinity as homophobia: fear, shame and silence in the construction of gender identity ” . In Gender relations in global perspective: essential readings , Edited by: Cook , N. Toronto, ON : Canadian Scholars' Press .
   Google Scholar
• King , J.T. 2009 . Teaching and learning about controversial issues in Northern Ireland . Theory and research in social education , 37 ( 2 ) : 215 – 246 .
   Google Scholar
• Knox , C. 2011 . Tackling racism in Northern Ireland: ‘The race hate capital of Europe’ . Journal of social policy , 40 ( 2 ) : 387 – 412 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larkin, C., 2001. Citizenship education or crowd control? The crick report and the role of peace education and conflict resolution in the new curriculum, Working Paper No. 9 [online]. Available from: http://www.bradford.ac.uk/cad/confres/assets/ccr9.pdf [Accessed 29 January 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Leenders , H. , Veugelers , W. and De Kat , E. 2008 . Teachers' views on citizenship education in secondary education in The Netherlands . Cambridge journal of education , 38 ( 2 ) : 155 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Leonard , M. 2007 . Children's citizenship education in politically sensitive societies . Childhood , 14 ( 4 ) : 487 – 503 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lister , R. 2008 . Inclusive citizenship, gender and poverty: some implications for education for citizenship . Citizenship teaching and learning , 4 ( 1 ) : 3 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Livesey , G.E. 2007 . The nature and extent of bullying in schools in the North of Ireland , Belfast : Department of Education Northern Ireland .
   Google Scholar
• May , S. , ed. 1999 . Critical multiculturalism: rethinking multicultural and antiracist education , London : Routledge Falmer .
   Google Scholar
• McAndrew , M. 2002 . Ethnic relations and education in divided societies: Belgium, Catalonia, Northern Ireland, Quebec . Kolor, journal on moving communities , 1 : 5 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• McCully , A. 2006 . Practitioner perceptions of their role in facilitating the handling of controversial issues in contested societies: a Northern Irish experience . Educational review , 58 ( 1 ) : 51 – 65 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEvoy , L. 2007 . Beneath the rhetoric: policy approximation and citizenship education in Northern Ireland . Education, citizenship & social justice , 2 ( 2 ) : 135 – 157 .
   Google Scholar
• McGarry , J. and O'Leary , B. 2004 . The Northern Ireland conflict: consociational engagements , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• McNamee , H. , Lloyd , K. and Schubotz , D. 2008 . Same sex attraction, homophobic bullying and mental health of young people in Northern Ireland . Journal of Youth Studies , 11 (1) : 33 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesev , V.E. 2008 . “ Measuring and mapping conflict-related deaths and segregation: lessons from the Belfast ‘troubles’ ” . In Geospatial technologies and homeland security: research frontiers and future challenges , Edited by: Sui , D. New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Muldoon , O. , McLaughlin , K. and Trew , K. 2007 . Adolescents' perceptions of national identification and socialization: a grounded analysis . British journal of developmental psychology , 25 ( 4 ) : 579 – 594 .
   Google Scholar
• Niens , U. and Cairns , E. 2008 . “ Integrated education in Northern Ireland: a review ” . In Fostering change in institutions, environments, and people: a festschrift in honor of Gavriel Salomon , Edited by: Berliner , D. and Kupermintz , H. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Niens , U. and Chastenay , M.H. 2008 . Educating for peace? Citizenship education in Quebec and Northern Ireland . Comparative education review , 52 ( 4 ) : 519 – 540 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niens , U. , Reilly , J. and McLaughlin , R. 2006 . The need for human rights education in Northern Ireland: a pupil survey . Peace & conflict: journal of peace psychology , 12 ( 3 ) : 251 – 268 .
   Google Scholar
• Osler , A. and Starkey , H. 2000 . “ Citizenship, human rights and cultural diversity ” . In Citizenship and democracy in schools: diversity, identity, equality , Edited by: Osler , A. Stoke-on-Trent : Trentham Books .
   Google Scholar
• Osler , A. and Starkey , H. 2006 . Education for democratic citizenship: a review of research, policy and practice 1995–2005 . Research papers in education , 21 ( 4 ) : 433 – 466 .
   Google Scholar
• Oulton , C. 2004 . Controversial issues – teachers' attitudes and practices in the context of citizenship education . Oxford review of education , 30 ( 4 ) : 489 – 507 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paterson , L. 2000 . Does civil society speak for the people? Evidence from a survey of Scottish teachers . The sociological review , 48 ( 1 ) : 102 – 123 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radford , K. , Betts , J. and Ostermeyer , M. 2006 . Policing, accountability and the lesbian, gay and homosexual community in Northern Ireland , Belfast : Institute of Conflict Research .
   Google Scholar
• Reardon , B.A. 1997 . “ Human rights as education for peace ” . In Human rights education for the twenty-first century , Edited by: Andrepoulos , G.J. and Claude , R.P. Philadelphia, PA : University of Pennsylvania Press .
   Google Scholar
• Salomon , G. 2004 . Does peace education make a difference in the context of an intractable conflict? . Peace & conflict: journal of peace psychology , 10 ( 3 ) : 257 – 274 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , A. 2003 . Citizenship education in Northern Ireland: beyond national identity? . Cambridge journal of education , 33 ( 1 ) : 15 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , A. and Robinson , A. 1996 . Education for mutual understanding: the initial statutory years , Coleraine : Centre for the Study of Conflict, University of Ulster .
   Google Scholar
• Smith, A. et al., 2008. A values-based approach to teacher education. Teaching & learning research programme, 35 [online]. Available from: http://unesco.ulster.ac.uk/PDFs/values_research_briefing.pdf [Accessed 29 January 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Stradling , R. 1984 . The teaching of controversial issues: an evaluation . Educational review , 36 ( 2 ) : 121 – 129 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer , M. 2010 . Parental and school effects on children's political attitudes in Northern Ireland . British journal of educational psychology , 80 : 223 – 240 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tam , T. 2007 . The impact of intergroup emotions on forgiveness in Northern Ireland . Group processes intergroup relations , 10 ( 1 ) : 119 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• University of Ulster . 2008 . Evaluation of the pilot introduction of education for local & global citizenship into the revised Northern Ireland curriculum , Coleraine : UNESCO Centre, School of Education, University of Ulster .
   Google Scholar
• Weinstein , H.M. , Freedman , S.W. and Hughson , H. 2007 . School voices . Education, citizenship and social justice , 2 ( 1 ) : 41 – 47 .
   Google Scholar