Raising citizens in ‘mixed’ family setting: mothering techniques of Filipino and Thai migrants in Belgium

References

• Angeles, Leonora, and Sirijit Sunanta. 2007. “‘Exotic Love at Your Fingertips’: Intermarriage Websites, Gendered Representation, and the Transnational Migration of Filipino and Thai Women.” Kasarinlan: Philippine Journal of Third World Studies 22 (1): 3–31.
   Google Scholar
• Anthias, Floya. 2001. “New Hybridities, Old Concepts: The Limits of Culture.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 24 (4): 619–641.10.1080/01419870120049815
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldassar, Loretta, and Laura Merla. 2013. Transnational Families, Migration and the Circulation of Care: Understanding Mobility and Absence in Family Life. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Barn, Ravinder, and Vicki Harman. 2013. “Mothering across Racialized Boundaries: Introduction to the Special Issue.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 36 (8): 1265–1272.10.1080/01419870.2013.791400
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bledsoe, Caroline H., and Papa Sow. 2011. “Back to Africa: Second Chances for the Children of West African Immigrants.” Journal of Marriage and Family 73: 747–762.10.1111/j.1741-3737.2011.00843.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonizzoni, Paola. 2012. “Here or There? Shifting Meanings and Practices in Mother–Child Relationships across Time and Space.” International Migration 1–17.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown, Rachel. 2016. “Re-examining the Transnational Nanny. Migrant Carework beyond the Chain.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 18 (2): 210–229.10.1080/14616742.2015.1007728
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choo, Hae Yeon. 2016. Decentering Citizenship: Gender, Labor, and Migrant Rights in South Korea. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• COE. 2008. “Government Financial Policies towards Families.” April 30. http://www.coe.int/t/dg3/familypolicy/Source/2_2_i%20Tax%20deductions%20and%20benefits%20for%20families.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Constable, Nicole. 2014. Born out of Place. Migrant Mothers and the Politics of International Labor. Berkeley: University of California Press.10.1525/california/9780520282018.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• De Leon, Conely. 2009. “Post-reunification Reconciliation among PINAY Domestic Workers and Adult Daughters in Canada.” Canadian Woman Studies 27 (2/3): 68–72.
   Google Scholar
• DEMO (Centre de recherche en démographie et sociétés), and CGKR (Centrum voor Gelijkheid van Kansen en voor Racismebestrijding). 2013. Statistisch En Demografisch Verslag 2013. Migraties En Migrantenpopulaties in België. Brussels: DEMO (Université Catholique de Louvain) and CGKR.
   Google Scholar
• Douglass, Michael. 2010. “Globalizing the Household in East Asia.” The Whitehead Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations 11: 63–78.
   Google Scholar
• Erel, Umut. 2011. “Reframing Migrant Mothers as Citizens.” Citizenship Studies 15 (6–7): 695–709.10.1080/13621025.2011.600076
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erel, Umut. 2012. “Engendering Transnational Space: Migrant Mothers as Cultural Currency Speculators.” European Journal of Women’s Studies 19 (4): 460–474.10.1177/1350506812466612
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faist, Thomas. 2004. “Towards a Political Sociology of Transnationalization. The State of the Art in Migration Research.” European Journal of Sociology 45 (3): 331–366.10.1017/S0003975604001481
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foucault, Michel. 1979. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Foucault, Michel. 1997. « Il faut défendre la société ». Cours au Collège de France. 1975-1976 [“Society must be Defended.” Lectures at the Collège de France. 1975-1976]. Paris: Seuil/Gallimard.
   Google Scholar
• Francisco, Valerie. 2015. “Multidirectional Care in Filipino Transnational Families.” In Engendering Transnational Voices, edited by G. Mand and R. Cohen, 99–115. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fresnoza-Flot, Asuncion. 2009. “Migration Status and Transnational Mothering: The Case of Filipino Migrants in France.” Global Networks 9 (2): 252–270.10.1111/glob.2009.9.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fresnoza-Flot, Asuncion. 2015. “The Bumpy Landscape of Family Reunification: Experiences of First- and 1.5-generation Filipinos in France.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41 (7): 1152–1171.10.1080/1369183X.2014.956711
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fresnoza-Flot, Asuncion. 2017. “Beyond Migration Patterns – Understanding Family Reunion Decisions of Filipino Labour and Thai Marriage Migrants in Global Reproductive Systems.” Migration Studies. doi:10.1093/migration/mnx038.
   Google Scholar
• Fresnoza-Flot, Asuncion, and Gwénola Ricordeau, eds. 2017. International Marriages and Marital Citizenship: Southeast Asian Women on the Move. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Fresnoza-Flot, Asuncion, and Laura Merla. 2018. “'Global Householding' in Mixed Families: The Case of Thai Migrant Women in Belgium.” In Making Multicultural Families in Europe: Gender and Intergenerational Relations, edited by I. Crespi, S. G. Meda and L. Merla, 23–37. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Ghosh, Sutama, and Lu Wang. 2003. “Transnationalism and Identity: A Tale of Two Faces and Multiple Lives.” The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien 47 (3): 269–282.10.1111/cag.2003.47.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Hart, Betty. 2010. “Children’s Citizenship, Motherhood and the Nation-state.” In Gender, Migration and the Public Sphere, 1850–2005, edited by M. Schrover and E. J. Yeo, 97–117. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• de Hart, Betty, Wibo van Rossum, and Iris Sportel. 2013. “Law in the Everyday Lives of Transnational Families: An Introduction.” Oñati Socio-Legal Series 3 (6): 991–1003.
   Google Scholar
• Hochschild, Arlie. 2000. “Global Care Chains and Emotional Surplus Value.” In On the Edge: Globalization and the New Millennium, edited by T. Giddens and W. Hutton, 130–146. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, Xiaoli. 2012. Migration Policies of Thai Nationals Abroad and Evaluation of Migration Policy Effect. Bangkok: First Thai-Chinese Strategic Research Seminar.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, Minjeong. 2008. “Gendering Marriage Migration and Fragmented Citizenship Formation: ‘Korean’ Wives, Daughters-in-Law, and Mothers from the Philippines.” PhD diss., State University of New York, Albany.
   Google Scholar
• Knop, Karen. 2001. “Relational Nationality: On Gender and Nationality in International Law.” In Citizenship Today. Global Perspectives and Practices, edited by T. A. Aleinikoff and D. Klusmeyer, 89–124. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
   Google Scholar
• Komter, Aafke. 1989. “Hidden Power in Marriage.” Gender & Society 3 (2): 187–216.10.1177/089124389003002003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemke, Thomas. 2001. “‘The Birth of Bio-politics’: Michel Foucault’s Lecture at the Collège de France on Neo-Liberal Governmentality.” Economy and Society 30 (2): 190–207.10.1080/03085140120042271
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung, Lai-Ching. 2004. “Engendering Citizenship.” In Remaking Citizenship in Hong Kong. Community, Nation and the Global City, edited by A. S. Ku and N. Pun, 157–173. Abingdon: RoutledgeCurzon.
   Google Scholar
• Lieba, Faier. 2009. Intimate Encounters: Filipina Migrants Remake Rural Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lister, Ruth. 2003. Citizenship: Feminist Perspectives. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave.10.1007/978-0-230-80253-7
   Google Scholar
• Lukes, Steven. 1974. Power: A Radical View. London: Macmillan.10.1007/978-1-349-02248-9
   Google Scholar
• Orellana, Marjorie Faulstich, Barrie Thorne, Anna Chee, and Wan Shun Eva Lam. 2001. “Transnational Childhoods: The Participation of Children in Processes of Family Migration.” Social Problems 48 (4): 572–591.10.1525/sp.2001.48.4.572
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauwels, Fernando. 2015. “Female Filipino Migrants in Belgium. A Qualitative Analysis of Trends and Practices.” In New Dynamics in Female Migration and Integration, edited by C. Timmerman, M. Martiniello, A. Rea, and J. Wets, 102–124. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Pratt, Geraldine. 2012. Families Apart: Migrant Mothers and the Conflicts of Labor and Love. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.10.5749/minnesota/9780816669981.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Rea, Andrea. 2007. “L’étude des politiques d’immigration et d’intégration des immigrés dans les sciences sociales en Belgique francophone.” [The Study of Policies of Immigration and Integration of Immigrants in the Social Sciences in French-Speaking Belgium]. In Immigration et intégration en Belgique francophone. Etat des savoirs [Immigration and Integration in French-speaking Belgium. State of the art], edited by M. Martiniello, A. Rea, and F. Dassetto, 103–140. Louvain-la-Neuve: Bruylant-Academia.
   Google Scholar
• Singla, Rashmi. 2015. Intermarriage and Mixed Parenting, Promoting Mental Health and Wellbeing. Crossover Love. Basingstoke: Palgrave.10.1057/9781137390783
   Google Scholar
• Strasser, Elisabeth, Albert Kraler, Saskia Bonjour, and Veronika Bilger. 2009. “Doing Family.” The History of the Family 14 (2): 165–176.10.1016/j.hisfam.2009.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tungohan, Ethel. 2013. “Reconceptualizing Motherhood, Reconceptualizing Resistance.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 15 (1): 39–57.10.1080/14616742.2012.699781
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, Bryan S. 2008. “Citizenship, Reproduction and the State: International Marriage and Human Rights.” Citizenship Studies 12 (1): 45–54.10.1080/13621020701794166
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Hong-zen, and Danièle Bélanger. 2008. “Taiwanizing Female Immigrant Spouses and Materializing Differential Citizenship.” Citizenship Studies 12 (1): 91–106.10.1080/13621020701794224
   Google Scholar
• Yuval-Davis, Nira. 1997. Gender & Nation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar