References
- Aas, K. F. 2006. “The Body Does Not Lie: Identity, Risk and Trust in Technoculture.” Crime Media Culture, Sage Publications 2 (2): 143–158. doi:10.1177/1741659006065401.
- Aitken, R. 2017. “’All Data Is Credit Data’: Constituting the Unbanked’.” Competition & Change 21 (4): 274–300. doi:10.1177/1024529417712830.
- Ajana, B. 2012. “Biometric Citizenship.” Citizenship Studies 16 (7): 851–870. doi:10.1080/13621025.2012.669962.
- Ajana, B. 2013. “Asylum, Identity Management and Biometric Control.” Journal of Refugee Studies 26 (4): 576–595. doi:10.1093/jrs/fet03.
- Aradau, C. 2004. “The Perverse Politics of Four-Letter Words: Risk and Pity in the Securitisation of Human Trafficking.” Millennium 33 (2): 251–278. doi:10.1177/03058298040330020101.
- Betts, A., L. Bloom, J. Kaplan, and N. Omata. 2017. Refugee Economies. Forced Displacement and Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bigo, D. 2014. “The (In)securitization Practices of the Three Universes of EU Border Control: Military/Navy – Border Guards/police – Database Analysts.” Security Dialogue 45 (3): 209–225. doi:10.1177/0967010614530459.
- Bowker, G. 2013. Data Flakes: An Afterword to “Raw Data” Is an Oxymoron in Gitelman, L. (2013) Raw Data as an Oxymoron, 167–171. Cambridge: MIT Press.
- Bowker, G., and S. L. Star. 1999. Sorting Things Out: Classification and Its Consequences. Cambridge: MA: MIT Press.
- Callon, M. 1998. “Introduction: The Embeddedness of Economic Markets in Economics”. The Sociological Review 46 (1): 1–57. doi:10.1111/j.1467-954X.1998.tbx03468.x
- Callon, M., J. Law, and A. Rip. 1986. Introduction Mapping the Dynamics of Science and Technology, xvi–xvii. London: Macmillan Press.
- Cash Larning Partnership (CaLP). 2020. “What We Do”. http://www.cashlearning.org/overview/what-we-do-overview
- Clarke, R. A. 1988. “Information Technology and Dataveillance.” Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery 31 (5): 498–511. doi:10.1145/42411.42413.
- Crain, M. 2018. “The Limits of Transparency: Data Brokers and Commodification.” New Media & Society 20 (1): 88–104. doi:10.1177/1461444816657096.
- Daugman, J., and I. Malhas 2004. “Iris Recognition Border-crossing System in the UAE.” International Airport Review, 2. Accessed 15 March 2011. http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jgd1000/UAEdeployment.pdf
- Duffield, M. 2013. “Disaster-Resilience in the Network Age. Access-Denial and the Rise of Cyber-Humanitarianism.” DIIS Working Paper, 2013, 23.
- Duffield, M. 2016. “The Resilience of the Ruins: Towards a Critique of Digital Humanitarianism.” Resilience 4 (3): 147–165. doi:10.1080/21693293.2016.1153772.
- Ebrahim, A. 2003. “Accountability in Practice: Mechanisms for NGOs.” World Development 31 (5): 813–829. doi:10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00014-7.
- EU-Lisa. 2016. Report on the EU-Lisa Industry Workshop. Tallin: EU-Lisa. June 2016.
- Farraj, A. 2011. “Refugees and the Biometric Future: The Impact of Biometrics on Refugees and Asylum Seekers.” Columbia Human Rights Law Review 42: 891–943.
- Franck, A. K. 2018. “The Lesvos Refugee Crisis as Disaster Capitalism.” Peace Review 30 (2): 199–205. doi:10.1080/10402659.2018.1458951.
- Gabor, D., and S. Brooks. 2017. “The Digital Revolution in Financial Inclusion: International Development in the Fintech Era.” New Political Economy 22 (4): 423–436. doi:10.1080/13563467.2017.1259298.
- Gilert, H., and Austin, L. 2017. Review of the Common Cash Facility Approach in Jordan. Report. Geneva: UNHCR and CaLP.
- Hagen-Zanker, J., M. Ulrichs, R. Holmes, and Z. Nimeh. 2017. Cash Transfers for Refugees. The Economic and Social Effects of a Programme in Jordan. Report. London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI).
- Haioty, E. 2016 “Becoming Surveillable: A Study on UNHCR’s Practice of Iris-enrolling Refugees in Jordan” (Unpublished master’s thesis). IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Haraway, D. 1988. “Situated Knowledges: The Science Question in Feminism and the Privilege of Partial Perspective.” Autumn, 1988. Feminist Studies 14 3: 575–599. doi:10.2307/3178066.
- Hildebrandt, M. 2013. “Slaves to Big Data or are We?” Selected Works 1–21. https://works.bepress.com/mireille_hildebrandt/52/
- Hilhorst, D., and Jansen, B. J. 2010. “Humanitarian Space as Arena: A Perspective on the Everyday Politics of Aid”. Development and Change 41 (6): 1117–1139. doi:10.111/j.1467-7660.2010.01673.x
- Hoffmann, S. 2017. “Humanitarian Security in Jordan’s Azraq Camp.” Security Dialogue 48 (2): 97–112. doi:10.1177/0967010616683311.
- Hughes, S. M., and P. Forman. 2017. “A Material Politics of Citizenship: The Potential of Circulating Materials from UK Immigration Removal Centres.” Citizenship Studies 21 (6): 675–692. doi:10.1080/13621025.2017.1341659.
- IBM. 2017. “The IBM Humanitarian Response to the Refugee and Migrant Crisis in Europe.” White Paper. https://www.ibm.com/ibm/responsibility/downloads/initiatives/Refugee_Crisis_Response_White_Paper_final_April_24_2017.pdf
- Isin, E. 2008. “Theorizing Acts of Citizenship.” In Acts of Citizenship, edited by E. F. Isin and G. M. Nielsen, 15–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Isin, E. 2017. “Performative Citizenship.” In The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, edited by A. Shachar, R. Bauböck, I. Bloemraad, and M. Vink, 500–523. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Jacobsen, K. L. 2010. “Making Design Safe for Citizens: A Hidden History of Humanitarian Experimentation.” Citizenship Studies 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.1080/13621020903466399.
- Jacobsen, K. L. 2015. “Experimentation in Humanitarian Locations: UNHCR and Biometric Registration of Afghan Refugees.” Security Dialogue 46 (2): 144–164. doi:10.1177/0967010614552545.
- Jacobsen, K. L. 2017. “On Humanitarian Refugee Biometrics and New Forms of Intervention.” Journal of Intervention & Statebuilding 11 (4): 529–551. doi:10.1080/17502977.2017.1347856.
- Latour, B. 1987. Machines in Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers through Society, 103–144. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Latour, B. 1996. “On Actor-network Theory. A Few Clarifications Plus More than A Few Complications.” Soziale Welt 47 (4): 369–381.
- Ledwith, A. 2014. Zaatari: The Instant City. Boston: Affordable Housing Institute.
- Lemberg-Pedersen, M. 2019. “Manufacturing Displacement. Externalization and Postcoloniality in European Migration Control.” Global Affairs 5 (3): 247–271. doi:10.1080/23340460.2019.1683463.
- Lemberg-Pedersen, M., R. Hansen, H. Johanne, and J. Oliver. 2020. The Political Economy of Entry Governance. ADMIGOV-report, Deliverable 1.3. Copenhagen: Aalborg University.
- Lodinová, A. 2016. “Application of Biometrics as a Means of Refugee Registration: Focusing on UNHCR’s Strategy.” Development, Environment and Foresight 2 (2): 91–100.
- Madianou, M. 2019. “The Biometric Assemblage: Surveillance, Experimentation, Profit and the Measuring of Refugee Bodies.” Television and New Media 20. doi:10.1177/1527476419857682.
- Magnet, S. 2011. When Biometrics Fail - Gender, Race and the Technology of Identity. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
- Marcus, G. E. 1995. “Ethnography In/of the World System: The Emergence of Multi-Sited Ethnography.” Annual Review of Anthropology 24 (1995): 95–117. doi:10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.000523.
- Market and Markets. 2019. Biometric System Market by Authentication Type (Single-factor: Fingerprint, Iris, Palm Print, Face, Voice; Multi-Factor), Offering (Hardware, Software), Functionality (Contact, Noncontact, Combined), End User, and Region - Global Forecast to 2024. Report. Puna: Market and Markets.
- Mayhew, S. 2012. “Cairo Amman Bank Uses Biometrics to Register 100,000 Customers.” Biometric Update, October 9. http://www.biometricupdate.com/201210/cairo-amman-bank-uses-biometrics-to-register-100000-customers
- MicroFinancia, Sida and UNHCR. 2018. “Assesing the Needs of Refugees for Financial and Non-Financial Services – Jordan. July 13, 2018.” Final report.
- Morozov, E., 2019. “Capitalism´s New Clothes.” The Baffler, February 4. https://thebaffler.com/latest/capitalisms-new-clothes-morozov
- Muller, B. 2010. “(Dis)qualified Bodies: Securitization, Citizenship and ′identity Management′.” Citizenship Studies 8 (3): 279–294. doi:10.1080/1362102042000257005.
- Nambu, S., 2014. “UNHCR Works through the Night to Register Syrians Reaching Jordan”. UNHCR News, July 10. http://www.unhcr.org/53be89a49.html
- Oh, S.-A. 2017. “Surveillance and Control: The Encampment and Biometric Identification of Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh.” Perspective 2017: 93. Researchers at ISEAS – Yusof Isahk Institute Analyse Current Events.
- Pascucci, E. 2017. “The Humanitarian Infrastructure and the Question of Over-research: Reflections on Fieldwork in the Refugee Crises in the Middle East and North Africa.” Area 49 (2): 249–255. doi:10/1111/area.12312.
- Philipp, M., and S. Hanafi. 2010. “Testing a New Paradigm: UNRWA’s Camp Improvement Programme.” Refugee Survey Quarterly 2-3: 360–388. doi:10.1093/rsq/hdp039.
- Rahman, Z., P. Verhaert, and C. Nyst. 2018. Biometrics in the Humanitarian Sector. London: The Engine Room and Oxfam.
- Raley, R. 2013. “Dataveillance and Counterveillance.” In Gitelman, Lisa. 2013 Raw Data Is an Oxymoron, 121–145. Cambridge: MIT Press.
- Sandvik, K. B., M. G. Jumbert, J. Karlsrud, and M. Kaufmann. 2014. “Humanitarian Technology: A Critical Research Agenda.” International Review of the Red Cross 96 (893): 219.242.
- Scheel, S. 2017. “Real Fake? Appropriating Mobility via Schengen Visa in the Context of Biometric Border Controls.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44 (2): 2747–2763. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2017.1401513.
- Scott-Smith, T. 2016. “Humanitarian Neophilia: The ‘Innovation Turn’ and Its Implications.” Third World Quarterly 37 (12): 2229–2251. doi:10.1080/01436597.2016.1176856.
- Serres, M. 1982. “Theory of the Quasi-object.” In The Parasite, edited by L. R. Schehr, 224–234. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
- Social Performance Task Force and the UNHCR. 2017. “Serving Refugee Populations - The Next Financial Inclusion Frontier: Guidelines for Financial Service Providers”. Report
- Srnicek, N. 2016. Platform Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Star, S. L., and K. Ruhleder. 1996. “Steps Towards an Ecology of Infrastructure: Design and Access of Large Information Spaces.” Information Systems Research 7 (1): 111–134. doi:10.1287/isre.7.1.111.
- Tazzioli, M. 2019. “Refugees’ Debit Cards, Subjectivities, and Data Circuits: Financial-Humanitarianism in the Greek Migration Laboratory.” International Political Sociology 13: 392–408. doi:10.1093/ips/olz014.
- Tomassini, R., and L. Van Wassenhove. 2009. Humanitarian Logistics. New York: INSEAD Business Press.
- Tuck, E., and Yang, K. W. 2014. R-words: Refusing research. In Humanizing research: Decolonizing qualitative inquiry with youth and communities, edited by Paris, D. and Winn, T. M. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
- UNHCR. 2017. “Eyecloud® Enhancing the Delivery of Refugee Assistance.” https://data2.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/68208
- UNHCR. 2017b. “The Common Cash Facility. Partnering for Better Cash Assistance to Refugees in Jordan.” Accessed 17 April 2017. https://reliefweb.int/report/jordan/common-cash-facility-partnering-better-cash-assistance-refugees-jordan
- UNHCR and Accenture. 2016. Connecting Refugees: How Internet and Mobile Connectivity Can Improve Refugee Well-being and Transform Humanitarian Action. Geneva. September. https://www.unhcr.org/5770d43c4
- UNHCR and Social Performance Task Force. 2017. Serving Refugee Populations: The Next Financial Inclusion Frontier. Geneva: Report.
- van der Ploeg, I. 1999. “The Illegal Body: ‘Eurodac’ and the Politics of Biometric Identification.” Ethics and Information Technology 1 (4): 295–302. doi:10.1023/A:1010064613240.
- World Bank Group. 2012. “Who are the Unbanked? Uncovering the Financial Inclusion Gap.” http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/185491458739704163/financial-inclusion-infographic-unbanked-poster-2012.pdf
- Zuboff, S. 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism. The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York: Public Affairs.