874
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Unintended pregnancy rates differ according to combined oral contraceptive – results from the INAS-SCORE study

, , &
Pages 247-250 | Received 30 Jan 2019, Accepted 05 Jun 2019, Published online: 17 Jun 2019

References

  • Barnett C, Hagemann C, Dinger J, et al. Fertility and combined oral contraceptives – unintended pregnancies and planned pregnancies following oral contraceptive use – results from the INAS-SCORE study. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2017;22:17–23.
  • Mestad RE, Kenerson J, Peipert JF. Reversible contraception update: the importance of long-acting reversible contraception. Postgrad Med. 2009;121:18–25.
  • Trussell J, Portman D. The creeping pearl: why has the rate of contraceptive failure increased in clinical trials of combined hormonal contraceptive pills? Contraception. 2013;88:604–610.
  • Dinger JC, Heinemann LAJ, Kühl-Habich D. The safety of a drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive: final results from the European Active Surveillance Study on oral contraceptives based on 142,475 women-years of observation. Contraception. 2007;75:344–354.
  • Dinger J, Do Minh T, Heinemann K. Impact of estrogen type on cardiovascular safety of combined oral contraceptives. Contraception. 2016;94:328–339.
  • Dinger JC, Cronin M, Möhner S, et al. Oral contraceptive effectiveness according to body mass index, weight, age, and other factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201:263.e1–263.e9.
  • Sobotka T, Beaujouan É. Late motherhood in low-fertility countries: reproductive intentions, trends and consequences. In: Stoop D, editor. Preventing age related fertility loss. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2018. p. 11–29.
  • Barclay K, Myrskylä M. Advanced maternal age and offspring outcomes: reproductive aging and counterbalancing period trends. Popul Dev Rev. 2016;42:69–94.
  • OECD Family Database. SF2: age of mothers at childbirth and age-specific fertility; 2018; [cited 2018 Nov 29]. Available from: http://www.oecd.org/els/family/database.htm
  • Mikkelsen EM, Riis AH, Wise LA, et al. Pre-gravid oral contraceptive use and time to pregnancy: a Danish prospective cohort study. Hum Reprod. 2013;28:1398–1405.
  • Wylie AHM, Gebbie AE. Impact of contraception on subsequent fertility. Obstetr Gynaecol. 2002;4:151–155.
  • MacGregor A. Efficacy and side-effects of oral contraceptives. Prescriber. 2017;28:19–26.
  • Read CM. New regimens with combined oral contraceptive pills – moving away from traditional 21/7 cycles. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2010;15:S32–S41.
  • Dinger JC, Bardenheuer K, Assmann A. International Active Surveillance Study of Women Taking Oral Contraceptives (INAS-OC Study). BMC Med Res Methodol. 2009;9:77.
  • Dinger JC, Minh TD, Heinemann K. Final results of the INAS-SCORE study. Contraception. 2016;94:328–339.
  • Heinemann K, Dinger J, Minh TD, et al. Cardiovascular safety among users of different combined oral contraceptives — final results from the INAS-SCORE study. Contraception. 2017;96:292–293.
  • Heinemann K, Reed S, Moehner S, et al. Comparative contraceptive effectiveness of levonorgestrel-releasing and copper intrauterine devices: the European Active Surveillance Study for Intrauterine Devices. Contraception. 2015;91:280–283.
  • Yu Q, Huang Z, Ren M, et al. Contraceptive efficacy and safety of estradiol valerate/dienogest in a healthy female population: a multicenter, open-label, uncontrolled phase III study. IJWH. 2018;10:257–266.
  • Hemkens LG, Ewald H, Naudet F, et al. Interpretation of epidemiologic studies very often lacked adequate consideration of confounding. J Clin Epidemiol. 2018;93:94–102.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.