239
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ORCID Icon, , , &
Pages 365-371 | Received 13 Jan 2020, Accepted 03 Jun 2020, Published online: 26 Aug 2020

References

  • World Health Organization. Global incidence and prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections – 2008. Geneva: WHO; 2012.
  • Ohnishi M, Golparian D, Shimuta K, et al. Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiating a future era of untreatable gonorrhea? Detailed characterization of the first strain with high-level resistance to ceftriaxone. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55:3538–3545.
  • World Health Organization. Global prevalence and incidence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections: overview and estimates. Geneva: WHO; 2001.
  • Kenyon C, Buyze J, Colebunders R. Classification of incidence and prevalence of certain sexually transmitted infections by world regions. Int J Infect Dis. 2014;18:73–80.
  • World Health Organization. WHO guidelines for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Geneva: WHO; 2016.
  • Wi T, Lahra MM, Ndowa F, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: global surveillance and a call for international collaborative action. PLoS Med. 2017;14:e1002344.
  • Walker CK, Sweet RL. Gonorrhea infection in women: prevalence, effects, screening, and management. Int J Women’s Health. 2011;3:197–206.
  • Detels R, Green AM, Klausner JD, et al. The incidence and correlates of symptomatic and asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in selected populations in five countries. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38:503–509.
  • World Health Organization. Global strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections: 2006–2015. Breaking the chain of transmission. Geneva: WHO; 2007.
  • Malla N, Goyal K. Sexually transmitted infections: an overview. In: Malla N, editor. Sexually transmitted infections. London: IntechOpen; 2012.
  • Adachi K, Nielsen-Saines K, Klausner JD. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy: the global challenge of preventing adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:9315757.
  • UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, and World Health Organization. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): the importance of a renewed commitment to STI prevention and control in achieving global sexual and reproductive health. Geneva: WHO; 2012.
  • Rice PA, Shafer WM, Ram S, Jerse AE. Neisseria gonorrhoeae: drug resistance, mouse models, and vaccine development. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 2017;71:665–686.
  • Crowther-Gibson P, Govender N, Lewis DA, et al. Part IV. Human infections and antibiotic resistance. South Afr Med J. 2011;101(8 part 2):567–578.
  • Hafner LM, Wilson DP, Timms P. Development status and future prospects for a vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Vaccine. 2014;32:1563–1571.
  • Ison CA, Hussey J, Sankar KN, et al. Gonorrhoea treatment failures to cefixime and azithromycin in England, 2010. Euro Surveill. 2011;16:19833.
  • Munn Z, Moola S, Lisy K, et al. Methodological guidance for systematic reviews of observational epidemiological studies reporting prevalence and incidence data. Int J Evid Based Healthc. 2015;13:147–153.
  • Hussen S, Wachamo D, Yohannes Z, Tadesse E. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among reproductive age women in sub Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18:596.
  • DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7:177–88.
  • Rücker G, Schwarzer G, Carpenter JR, Schumacher M. Undue reliance on I(2) in assessing heterogeneity may mislead. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2008;8:79.
  • Ioannidis JPA. Interpretation of tests of heterogeneity and bias in meta-analysis. J Eval Clin Pract. 2008;14:951–957.
  • Buvé A, Weiss HA, Laga M, et al. The epidemiology of gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and syphilis in four African cities. AIDS. 2001;15 (suppl 4):S79–S88.
  • Marx G, John-Stewart G, Bosire R, et al. Diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among HIV-1-infected pregnant women in Nairobi. Int J STD AIDS. 2010;21:549–552.
  • Gomih-Alakija A, Ting J, Mugo N, et al. Clinical characteristics associated with Mycoplasma genitalium among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52:3660–3666.
  • Maina AN, Kimani J, Anzala O. Prevalence and risk factors of three curable sexually transmitted infections among women in Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9:193.
  • Masha SC, Wahome E, Vaneechoutte M, et al. High prevalence of curable sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women in a rural county hospital in Kilifi, Kenya. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0175166.
  • Warr AJ, Pintye J, Kinuthia J, et al. Sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy and subsequent risk of stillbirth and infant mortality in Kenya: a prospective study. Sex Transm Infect. 2019;95:60–66.
  • Alary M, Gbenafa-Agossa C, Aïna G, et al. Evaluation of a rapid point-of-care test for the detection of gonococcal infection among female sex workers in Benin. Sex Transm Infect. 2006;82 (suppl 5):v29–v32.
  • Tadesse E, Teshome M, Amsalu A, Shimelis T. Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women of reproductive age attending the gynecology clinic of Hawassa University Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0168580.
  • Tadele A, Hussen S, Shimelis T. Prevalence and associated factors of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among female commercial sex workers in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19:61.
  • Frohlich J, Abdool Karim Q, Mashego MM, et al. Opportunities for treating sexually transmitted infections and reducing HIV risk in rural South Africa. J Adv Nurs. 2007;60:377–383.
  • Peters RPH, Dubbink JH, van der Eem L, et al. Cross-sectional study 571 of genital, rectal, and pharyngeal chlamydia and gonorrhea in women in rural 572 South Africa. Sex Transm Dis. 2014;41:564–569.
  • Moodley D, Moodley P, Sebitloane M, et al. High prevalence and incidence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy and postdelivery in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. Sex Transm Dis. 2015;42:43–47.
  • van der Eem L, Dubbink JH, Struthers HE, et al. Evaluation of syndromic management guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted infections in South African women. Trop Med Int Health. 2016;21:1138–1146.
  • Abbai NS, Reddy T, Ramjee G. Prevalent bacterial vaginosis infection – a risk factor for incident sexually transmitted infections in women in Durban, South Africa. Int J STD AIDS. 2016;27:1283–1288.
  • Joseph Davey DL, Nyemba DC, Gomba Y, et al. Prevalence and correlates of sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy in HIV-infected and -uninfected women in Cape Town, South Africa. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0218349.
  • Abdelaziz ZA, Ibrahim ME, Bilal NE, Hamid ME. Vaginal infections among pregnant women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014;8:490–497.
  • Mocumbi S, Gafos M, Munguambe K, et al. High HIV prevalence and incidence among women in Southern Mozambique: evidence from the MDP microbicide feasibility study. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0173243.
  • Romoren M, Sundby J, Velauthapillai M, et al. Chlamydia and gonorrhoea in pregnant Batswana women: time to discard the syndromic approach? BMC Infect Dis. 2007;7:27.
  • Wynn A, Ramogola-Masire D, Gaolebale P, et al. Acceptability and feasibility of sexually transmitted infection testing and treatment among pregnant women in Gaborone, Botswana, 2015. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:1251238.
  • Ghebremichael M, Paintsil E, Larsen U. Alcohol abuse, sexual risk behaviors and sexually transmitted infections in women in Moshi urban district, northern Tanzania. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36:102.
  • Francis SC, Ao TT, Vanobberghen FM, et al. Epidemiology of curable sexually transmitted infections among women at increased risk for HIV in northwestern Tanzania: inadequacy of syndromic management. PLoS One. 2014;9:e101221.
  • Apea-Kubi KA, Yamaguchi S, Sakyi B, et al. Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Treponema pallidum infection in antenatal and gynecological patients at Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2004;57:253–256.
  • Opoku BK, Sarkodie Y. Prevalence of genital chlamydia and gonococcal infections in at risk women in the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana. Ghana Med J. 2010;44:21–24.
  • Yirenya-Tawiah D, Annang TN, Apea-Kubi KA, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae prevalence among women of reproductive age living in urogenital schistosomiasis endemic area in Ghana. BMC Res Notes. 2014;7:349.
  • Aboyeji AP, Nwabuisi C. Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among pregnant women in Ilorin, Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003;23:637–639.
  • Franceschi S, Smith JS, Van Den Brule A, et al. Cervical infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in women from ten areas in four continents. A cross-sectional study. Sex Transm Dis. 2007;34:563–569.
  • Aho J, Koushik A, Coutlée F, et al. Prevalence of HIV, human papillomavirus type 16 and herpes simplex virus type 2 among female sex workers in Guinea and associated factors. Int J STD AIDS. 2014;25:280–288.
  • Tann CJ, Mpairwe H, Morison L, et al. Lack of effectiveness of syndromic management in targeting vaginal infections in pregnancy in Entebbe, Uganda. Sex Transm Infect. 2006;82:285–289.
  • Vandepitte J, Muller E, Bukenya J, et al. Prevalence and correlates of Mycoplasma genitalium infection among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2012;205:289–296.
  • Kakaire O, Byamugisha JK, Tumwesigye NM, Gemzell-danielsson K. prevalence and factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among HIV positive women opting for intrauterine contraception. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0122400.
  • Vandepitte JM, Malele F, Kivuvu D-M, et al. HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, in 2002. Sex Transm Dis. 2007;34:203–208.
  • Kinoshita-Moleka R, Smith JS, Atibu J, et al. Low prevalence of HIV and other selected sexually transmitted infections in 2004 in pregnant women from Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Epidemiol Infect. 2008;136:1290–1296.
  • Blankhart D, Müller O, Gresenguet G, Weis P. Sexually transmitted infections in young pregnant women in Bangui, Central African Republic. Int J STD AIDS. 1999;10:609–614.
  • Land JA, Van Bergen JE, Morré SA, Postma MJ. Epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women and the cost-effectiveness of screening. Hum Reprod Update. 2010;16:189–204.
  • World Health Organization. Prevalence and incidence of selected sexually transmitted infections, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis and Trichomonas vaginalis: methods and results used by WHO to generate 2005 estimates. Geneva: WHO; 2011.
  • Chico RM, Mayaud P, Ariti C, et al. Prevalence of malaria and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. JAMA. 2012;307:2079–2086.
  • Tamarelle J, Thiébaut ACM, de Barbeyrac B, et al. The vaginal microbiota and its association with human papillomavirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019;25:35–47.
  • Kouyoumdjian FG, Leto D, John S, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis in incarcerated persons. Int J STD AIDS. 2012;23:248–254.
  • Lan P, Lundborg CS, Phuc H, et al. Reproductive tract infections including sexually transmitted infections: a population-based study of women of reproductive age in a rural district of Vietnam. Sex Transm Infect. 2008;84:126–132.
  • Miranda AE, Silveira MF, Travassos AG, et al. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhea and associated factors among women living with human immunodeficiency virus in Brazil: a multicenter study. Braz J Infect Dis. 2017;21:402–407.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.