IshelhinFootnote1

1. The term Ishelhin refers to one of three groups of Moroccan Berbers, making up roughly 50 per cent of the country's population, distinguishable in particular by the dialects that they speak. Tashelhit speakers inhabit primarily the Anti-Atlas Mountains and the adjacent Atlantic coastal plain of the Southwest, Tarifit speakers the Rif Mountains of the Northeast and Tamazight speakers the High Atlas Mountains of central Morocco. Henceforth the terms Ashelhi (m. sing.), Ishelhin (m. pl.) and Tashelhit (f. sing.) will be used to refer to Tashelhit speakers of the Souss region instead of Berber, which is pejorative in origin. The English word Berber derives from the Roman term ‘barbarus’ signifying ‘uncultured vagabonds living on the outskirts of the empire’, from the Greek term ‘barbaros’ meaning ‘mumbler or speakers of an incomprehensible language’ and most recently from the Arabic term ‘barbara’ designating ‘those who babble or speak in a loud, chaotic manner’. Berbers constituted the original inhabitants of North Africa. 132 different dialects of Berber are spoken today by 12 million inhabitants of North Africa, Niger, Mali and Mauritania.

women transmitters of Islamic knowledge and culture in Southwestern Morocco

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