References
- Adams, R. (2011) Palestinian UN bid for statehood: as it happened, The Guardian, 23 September. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/blog/2011/sep/23/alestinian-statehood-un-general-assembly-live (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Ajluni, S. (2011) Labour market briefing: Gaza Strip, second half 2010, UNRWA, April. Available at http://www.unrwa.org/userfiles/201106083557.pdf (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Al-Haq (2011) Al-Haq welcomes recent reconciliation agreement and urges respect for human rights and the rule of law, 5 May. Available at http://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/topics/palestinian-violations/403-al-haq-welcomes-recent-reconciliation-agreement-and-urges-respect-for-human-rights-and-the-rule-of-law (accessed 29 March 2012).
- Al Masry Al Youm (2011) Fatah and Hamas to meet in Cairo over reconciliation, 18 December. Available at http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/555806 (accessed 15 January 2012).
- Al-Naami, S. (2012) Palestinian reconciliation on hold, Al-Ahram Weekly Online, 1–7 March, Issue No. 1087. Available at http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2012/1087/re8.htm (accessed 29 March 2012).
- Amundsen, I. & Ezbidi, B. (2002) Clientelist politics: state formation and corruption in Palestine 1994–2000, Chr. Michelsen Institute Report R2002:17. Available at http://www.cmi.no/publications/file/?770 = clientelist-politics (accessed 23 August 2011).
- Awad, S. (2003) Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East: International Politics, Civil Society and Democracy in Palestine, PhD thesis, Department of Political Science, Columbia University.
- BBC News (2011) Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas makes UN statehood bid, BBC News, 23 September. Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-15033357 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Black, I. (2011) The Palestine Papers. Palestinian negotiator rejects claims of back door deals with Israel, The Guardian, 26 January. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jan/26/palestine-papers-plo-negotiator?intcmp = 239 (accessed 12 January 2012).
- B'Tselem (1998) Divide and Rule: Prohibition on Passage between the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, 12 June. Available at http://www.btselem.org/download/199805_divide_and_rule_eng.pdf (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Carbajosa, A. (2011) Gazan youth issue manifesto to vent their anger with all sides in the conflict, The Observer, 2 January. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jan/02/free-gaza-youth-manifesto-palestinian (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Challand , B. 2009 . Palestinian Civil Society: Foreign Donors and the Power to Promote and Exclude , London and New York : Routledge .
- Cooley , L. and Pace , M. 2012 . Consociation in a constant state of contingency? The case of the Palestinian Territory . Third World Quarterly , 33 ( 3 ) : 541 – 558 .
- Davies, W. (2011) Israel's ‘social protests’ rattle Netanyahu government, BBC News. Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14494523 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Donnison, J. (2012) Palestinian unity undermined by geographic divide, BBC News, 24 February. Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-17140711 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Economist Intelligence Unit (2011) The Democracy Index 2011: Democracy under stress. Available at http://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid = DemocracyIndex2011 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- European Union Election Observation Mission (2006) West Bank and Gaza Strip: Palestinian Legislative Council Elections, 25 January. Available at http://eeas.europa.eu/human_rights/election_observation/westbank/legislative/final_report_en.pdf (accessed 15 January 2012).
- Ghanem , A. 2001 . The Palestine Regime: A ‘Partial Democracy’ , Brighton : Sussex Academic Press .
- Greenwood, P. & Sparrow, A. (2011) Gaza protests accuse Palestinian Authority of betrayal in talks with Israel, The Guardian, 28 January. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jan/28/gaza-protests-palestinian-papers-leak (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Haaretz (2011) Livni: Netanyahu has led Israel to ‘worst possible diplomatic situation’, Haaretz, 14 September. Available at http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/livni-netanyahu-has-led-israel-to-worst-possible-diplomatic-situation-1.384436 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Haaretz (2012) Palestinians: it's up to Israel to get peace talks going, Haaretz, 15 January. Available at http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/palestinians-it-s-up-to-israel-to-get-peace-talks-going-1.407424 (accessed 15 January 2012).
- Haas, A. (2011) Palestinians are heroes, braving Israeli dictatorship, Haaretz, 21 December. Available at http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/palestinians-are-heroes-braving-israeli-dictatorship-1.402660 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Hovdenak, A. (2010) The public services under Hamas in Gaza: Islamic revolution or crisis management?, Peace Research Institute Oslo Report No. 03/2010. Available at http://www.prio.no/sptrans/-577972484/The_Public_Services_under_Hamas_in_Gaza.pdf (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Human Rights Watch (2009) Under Cover of War: Hamas Political Violence in Gaza, April. Available at http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/iopt0409web.pdf (accessed 29 March 2012).
- Human Rights Watch (2010) Separate and Unequal: Israel's Discriminatory Treatment of Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, December. Available at http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/iopt1210webwcover_0.pdf (accessed 15 January 2011).
- International Crisis Group (2007) Inside Gaza: the challenge of clans and families, ICG Middle East Report No. 71, 20 December. Available at http://www.crisisgroup.org/∼/media/Files/Middle%20East%20North%20Africa/Israel%20Palestine/71_inside_gaza___the_challenge_of_clans_and_families.pdf (accessed 23 August 2011).
- Jamal , A. A. 2007 . Barriers to Democracy: The Other Side of Social Capital in Palestine and the Arab World , Princeton, NJ and Oxford : Princeton University Press .
- Klieman , A. 1998 . Safe passage: the rocky road to a Middle East peace . World Affairs , 160 ( 3 ) : 126 – 133 .
- Knudsen , A. 2005 . Crescent and sword: the Hamas enigma . Third World Quarterly , 26 ( 8 ) : 1373 – 1388 .
- Linz , H. and Stepan , A. 1996 . Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: SouthernEurope, South America, and Post-Communist Europe , Baltimore, MD and London : Johns Hopkins University Press .
- MacAskill, E. (2011) Barack Obama throws full US support behind Middle East uprisings, The Guardian, 20 May. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/19/barack-obama-us-support-middle-east-uprisings (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Mahoney , J. 2001 . Path-dependent explanations of regime change: Central America in comparative perspective . Studies in Comparative International Development , 36 ( 1 ) : 111 – 141 .
- Miftah (2011) Week in review: hundreds of prisoners freed in historic Hamas–Israeli swap, 22 October. Available at http://www.miftah.org/display.cfm?DocId = 24048&CategoryId = 10 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Milton-Edwards , B. 2008 . The ascendance of political Islam: Hamas and consolidation in the Gaza Strip . Third World Quarterly , 29 ( 8 ) : 1585 – 1599 .
- Mishal , S. and Morag , N. 2002 . Political expectations and cultural perceptions in the Arab–Israeli peace negotiations . Political Psychology , 23 ( 2 ) : 325 – 353 .
- Mosely Lesch, A. (1992) Transition to Palestinian Self-Government: Practical Steps toward Israeli-Palestinian Peace, Report of a Study Group of the Middle East Program Committee on International Security Studies, American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
- Munck , G. L. 1994 . Democratic transitions in comparative perspective . Comparative Politics , 26 ( 3 ) : 355 – 375 .
- Munck , G. L. 2001 . The regime question – theory building in democracy studies . World Politics , 54 ( 1 ) : 119 – 144 .
- Napolitano , P. 2011 . “ Israel and Palestine and state (un)sustainability ” . In The Challenges of State Sustainability in the Mediterranean , Edited by: Colombo , S. and Tocci , N. Rome : Edizioni Nuova Cultura/Istituto Affari Internazionali .
- O'Donnell , G. , Schmitter , P. C. and Whitehead , L. , eds. 1986 . Transitions from Authoritarian Rule , Baltimore, MD and London : Johns Hopkins University Press .
- Palestine Centre for Policy and Survey Research (PCPSR) (2011) Full analysis, Palestinian public opinion poll No. 39, 10 April. Available at http://www.pcpsr.org/survey/polls/2011/p39efull.html (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Palestinian Information Center (2011) Resheq: a meeting between Mishal and Abbas in Cairo next month, 22 October. Available at http://www.palestine-info.co.uk/En/default.aspx?xyz = U6Qq7k%2bcOd87MDI46m9rUxJEpMO%2bi1s7KRh2zDOr3j9WiXLC6JcUquXwPXB8AvTbTKEiEnE0lSC4K3hqjjR45%2fOHSKoLHrt8lBbXoZl%2f88hYveCUgjpqKlFzoUpUSxV%2fjD2%2fAOYztEI%3d (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Pelham, N. (2011) Gaza's tunnel complex, Middle East Report No. 261 Middle East Research and Information Project. Available at http://www.merip.org/mer/mer261/gazas-tunnel-complex (accessed 29 March 2012).
- Radwan, O. (2011) Dahlan and Abbas on the path of self-destruction, Middle East Monitor, 4 August. Available at http://www.middleeastmonitor.org.uk/articles/middle-east/2685-dahlan-and-abbas-on-the-path-of-self-destruction (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Reuters (2011) Iran cuts Hamas funding for failing to show support for Assad, Haaretz, 21 August. Available at http://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/iran-cuts-hamas-funding-for-failing-to-show-support-for-assad-1.379845 (accessed 20 December 2011).
- Rose, D. (2008) The Gaza bombshell, Vanity Fair, April. Available at http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2008/04/gaza200804 (accessed 23 August 2011).
- Rubenberg , C. A. 2003 . The Palestinians in Search of a Just Peace , Boulder, CO : Lynne Rienner Publishers .
- Rustow , D. A. 1970 . Transition to democracy: toward a dynamic model . Comparative Politics , 2 ( 3 ) : 337 – x363 .
- Saab, B. Y. (2011) A new Hamas in the making? The National Interest, 20 December. Available at http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/new-hamas-the-making-6272 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Sadiki, L. (2011) Hamas and the Arab Spring, Al Jazeera, 29 December. Available at http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/12/2011122964659993802.html (accessed 30 March 2012).
- Sayigh, Y. & Shikaki, K. (1999) Strengthening Palestinian public institutions, Council on Foreign Relations Independent Task Force Report (Rocard–Siegman report). Available at http://www.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/palinstfull.pdf (accessed 23 August 2011).
- Schedler , A. 2001 . Taking uncertainty seriously: the blurred boundaries of democratic transition and consolidation . Democratization , 8 ( 4 ) : 1 – 22 .
- Schmitter , P. C. and Karl , T. L. 1991 . What democracy is … and is not . Journal of Democracy , 2 ( 3 ) : 75 – 88 .
- Schneider , C. Q. and Schmitter , P. C. 2004 . Liberalization, transition and consolidation: measuring the components of democratization . Democratization , 11 ( 5 ) : 59 – 90 .
- Shatz, A. (2011) A major step, London Review of Books Blog, 29 April. Available at http://www.lrb.co.uk/blog/2011/04/29/adam-shatz/a-major-step/ (accessed 29 March 2012).
- Shehadeh, R. (2012) Revolution in the Arab world, The Guardian, 13 January. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/jan/13/arab-spring-one-year-on (accessed 15 January 2012).
- Sherwood, H. (2011a) Palestinian anniversary marked by deadly clashes involving Israeli army, The Guardian, 15 May. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/15/palestinian-anniversary-deadly-clashes (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Sherwood, H. (2011b) Egypt to open Gaza border crossing, The Guardian, 27 May. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/27/egypt-opens-rafah-border-crossing (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Sherwood, H. & Balousha, H. (2011) Gaza and West Bank protests demand end to Palestinian divisions, The Guardian, 15 March. Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/15/gaza-west-bank-unity-protests (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Shikaki , K. 1996 . The Peace Process, national reconstruction and the transition to democracy in Palestine . Journal of Palestine Studies , 25 ( 2 ) : 5 – 20 .
- Sneh, E. (2011) Weakening the chances of peace, Bitterlemons, 15, 6 June. Available at http://www.bitterlemons.org/previous_ins.php?opt = 1&id = 18#92 (accessed 3 April 2012).
- Tristam, P. (2011) Fatah–Hamas reconciliation agreement: Palestinian national initiative signed in Cairo April 27, 2011, Available at http://middleeast.about.com/od/palestinepalestinians/qt/Fatah-Hamas-Reconciliation-Agreement.htm (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Turner , M. 2006 . Building democracy in Palestine: liberal peace theory and the election of Hamas . Democratization , 13 ( 5 ) : 739 – 755 .
- UN News Centre (2010) New UN report highlights bleak economic situation for Palestinians, 10 June. Available at http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID = 34985&Cr = palstin&Cr1%20 (accessed 12 January 2012).
- Usher, G. (1999) Neither safe nor free, Al-Ahram Weekly, 450, 7–13 October. Available at http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/450/fr2.htm (accessed 15 January 2012).