- Abdal-Haqq , I . 1995 . Making Time for Teacher Professional Development (Digest 95-4) , Washington, DC : ERIC Clearinghouse on Teaching and Teacher Education .
- Argyris , C . 1971 . 1991, Organizational Behavior in Education , Edited by: Owens , RG . Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
- Azin-Manley , M . 1996 . Staff Development Needs Assessment Survey , Jackson, WY : Center for School Improvement [ERIC No. ED405306] .
- Ball , D . 1996 . Teacher learning and the mathematics reforms: what do we think we know and what do we need to learn? . Phi Delta Kappan , 77 (7) : 500 – 508 .
- Bernauer , J . 2002 . Five keys to unlock continuous school improvement . Kappa Delta Pi Record , 38 (2) Winter : 89 – 92 .
- Bonstingl , JJ . 1996 . Schools of Quality: an introduction to Total Quality Management in education , Alexandria, VA : ASCD Publications .
- Boston , B . 1995 . From Dilemma to Opportunity: a report on educational rejorm 5 years after the Kentucky Education Reform Act of 1990 , Volume II , Lexington, KY : The Partnership for Kentucky School Reform .
- Bratcher , S and Stroble , E . 1994 . Determining the progression from comfort to competence: a longitudinal evaluation of the National Writing Project site based on multiple data sources . Research in the Teaching of English , 28 (1) : 66 – 88 .
- Brown , A . 1992 . Design experiments: theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions in classroom settings . Journal of the Learning Sciences , 2 : 141 – 178 .
- Brown , A . 1992 . “ 1999, Teacher learning and the acquisition of professional knowledge: an examination of research on contemporary professional development ” . In Review of Research in Education 24 (173-209) , Edited by: Wilson , S , Berne , J , Iran-Nejaf , A and David Pearson , P . Washington, DC : American Educational Research Association .
- Caldwell , SD and Marshall , JC . 1982 . Staff development-four approaches described, assessed for practitioners, theoreticians . NASSP Bulletin , 66 (451) : 25 – 32 .
- Carr , J and Artman , E . 2002 . The Bottom-up Simple Approach to School Accountability and Improvement , Norwood, MA : Christopher-Gordan .
- Covey , S . 1989 . The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People , New York : Simon & Schuster .
- Crandall , D and Loucks , S . 1982 . A Roadmap for School Improvement: executive summary ofthe study of dissemination efforts supporting school improvement , (Vol. 10) , Andover, MA : Network .
- Daniel , PL and Stallion , BK . 1996 . Implementing school-based professional development in Kentucky . Journal of Staff Development , 17 (4) Fall : 30 – 32 .
- Darling-Hammond , L . 1996 . What matters most: a competent teacher for every child . Phi Delta Kappan , 78 (3) November : 193 – 200 .
- Darling-Hammond , L . 1997 . The Right to Learn , San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass .
- Deal , TE and Kennedy , AA . 1983 . Culture and school performance . Educational Leadership , 40 (5) : 14 – 15 .
- Deming , WE . Foundation for management of quality in the Western World . paper delivered at a meeting of the Institute of Management Sciences . July 24 .
- Denzin , NK . 1989 . The Research Act , (3rd edn) , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
- Dilworth , CB . 1980 . Locally sponsored staff development for English teachers: a survey of methods and results . English Education , 12 (2) : 98 – 105 .
- Dufoura , RP and Eaker , R . Developing school improvement plans . Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development Seminar . July , San Francisco, CA.
- Easterby-Smith , M . 1990 . Creating a learning organization . Personnel Review , 19 (5) : 24 – 28 .
- Edmonds , R . 1979 . Effective schools for the urban poor . Educational Leadership , 37 (1) : 20 – 24 .
- Elmore , RF . 1992 . Why restructuring alone won't improve teaching . Educational Leadership , 49 (7) April : 44 – 48 .
- Elmore , RF and Burney , D . 1997 . Investing in Teacher Learning: staff development and instructional improvement in Community School District #2, NYC , New York : Teacher's College/National Commission on Teaching & America's Future .
- Firestone , WA and Louis , KS . 1999 . “ Schools as cultures ” . In Handbook of Research in Educational Administration , (2nd edn) , Edited by: Murphy , J and Louis , KS . 297 – 322 . San Francisco, CA : JosseyBass .
- Franke , ML , Carpenter , TP , Levi , LW and Fennema , E . Teachers as learners: developing understanding through children's thinking . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . April , San Diego, CA.
- Freibert , HJ , ed. 1999 . School Climate: measuring, improving, and sustaining healthy learning environments , London : Palmer Press .
- Fullan , M . 1999 . Change Forces: the sequel , London : Palmer Press .
- Fullan , M , Bennett , B and Rolheiser-Bennett , C . 1990 . Linking classroom and school improvement . Educational Leadership , 47 (8) : 13 – 19 .
- Gall , M and Vojtek , R . 1994 . Effective staff development: six research-based models , Eugene, OR : ERIC Clearinghouse, University of Oregon . [ERIC No. EA025786]
- Goddard , JT . Changing perceptions: an exploration of the effects of a focused program of teacher professional development on school climate improvement in one Canadian high school . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . April , New Orleans.
- Good , T and Brophy , J . 1987 . Looking in Classrooms , New York : Harper and Row .
- Hawley , WD and Valli , L . 1999 . “ The essentials of effective professional development: a new consensus ” . In Handbook of Teaching and Policy , Edited by: Sykes , G. and Darling-Hammond , L . New York : Teachers College .
- Howey , K and Bents , R . 1979 . “ A general framework for induction and continuing teacher education ” . In Toward Meeting the Needs of the Teacher , Edited by: Howey , K and Bents , R . 139 – 152 . St Paul, MN : St Paul Schools Teacher Corps Project .
- Hoy , WK and Feldman , JA . 1987 . Organizational health: the concept and its measurement . Journal of Research and Development in Education , 20 (4) : 30 – 38 .
- Hoy , WK , Tarter , CJ and Bliss , JR . 1990 . Organizational climate, school health, and effectiveness: a comparative analysis . Educational Administration Quarterly , 26 (3) : 260 – 279 .
- Huberman , M and Miles , M . 1984 . Innovation up Close , New York : Plenum Press .
- Joyce , B , Showers , B and Weil , M . 1992 . Models of Teaching , New York : Allyn & Bacon .
- Kansas Staff Development Council . 1994 . Quality Practices in Staff Development: top ten countdown , Lawrence, KS : KSDC .
- Kanter , RM . 1983 . The Change Masters: innovation and entrepreneurship in American corporations , NY : Simon and Schuster .
- Kelly , TF . 1999 . Why state mandates don't work . Phi Delta Kappan , 80 (7) : 543 – 546 .
- Kennedy , M . The relevance of content in inservice teacher education . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . April , San Diego, CA.
- Langer , J . 2000 . Excellence in English in middle and high school: how teachers' professional lives support student achievement . American Educational Research Journal , 37 : 397 – 439 .
- Lezotte , LW and Bancroft , B . 1985 . Growing use of the effective schools model for school improvement . Educational Leadership , 42 (6) : 23 – 27 .
- Lieberman , A . 1996 . Creating intentional learning communities . Educational Leadership , 54 (3) : 51 – 55 .
- Lieberman , A and Grolnick , M . 1996 . Networks and reform in American education . Teachers College Record , 98 (1) : 7 – 45 .
- Lipkin , H . 2001 . Useful research: a scientist cites an example in reading . Education Week , 20 (36) 16 May : 45
- Little , WJ . 1988 . “ Seductive images and organizational realities in professional development ” . In Rethinking School Improvement , Edited by: Lieberman , A . New York : Teachers College Press .
- Little , WJ . 1993 . Teachers' professional development in a climate of educational reform . Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis , 15 (2) : 129 – 151 .
- Marshall , JC , Pritchard , RJ and Gunderson , B . 2001 . Professional development: what works and what doesn't . Principal Leadership , 1 (6) : 64 – 68 .
- Marshall , C and Rossman , G . 1995 . Designing Qualitative Research , (2nd edn) , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
- Massell , D . 2000 . The district role in building capacity: four strategies, CPRE Policy Briefs, September , Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education .
- MIT . 21 January 1996 . Condensation of the 14 Points for Management , 21 January , Cambridge, MA : Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Advanced Engineering Study . Internet
- National Staff Development Council . 2001a . National Staff Development Council's Standards for Staff Development , Oxford, OH : National Staff Development Council . (http://www.nsdc.org)
- National Staff Development Council . 2001b . Report of survey in Education Week , 20 (27) 21 March : 11
- Neill , SB . 1982 . Teaching Writing: problems and solutions. AASA critical issues report , Arlington, VA : American Association of School Administrators . (ERIC No. ED 219 776)
- Oja , S and Sprinthall , N . 1978 . “ Psychological and moral development for teachers: can you teach old dogs? ” . In Value Development as the Aim of Education , Edited by: Sprinthall , N and Mosher , R . 117 – 134 . New York : Character Research Press .
- Owens , RG . 1995 . Organizational Behaviour in Education , (3rd edn) , Boston, MA : Allyn & Bacon .
- Parish , R and Aquila , F . 1996 . Cultural ways of working and believing in school . Phi Delta Kappan , 78 (4) : 298 – 305 .
- Parsons , T . 1961 . “ An outline of the social system ” . In Theories of Society , Edited by: Parsons , T , Shils , E , Naegle , K and Pitts , J . New York : Free Press .
- Peterson , PL , McCarthey , SJ and Elmore , RF . 1996 . Learning from school restructuring . American Educational Research Journal , 33 (1) : 119 – 153 .
- Porter , M . 1996 . Operational effectiveness is not strategy . Harvard Business Review , 74 (6) : 61 – 78 .
- Pritchard , RJ and Marshall , JC . Staff development in 'healthy' vs 'unhealthy' districts . paper presented to the Annual Conference of the Eastern Educational Research Association . February , Hilton Head, SC.
- Putnam , RT and Borko , H . 1997 . “ Teacher learning: implications of the new view of cognition ” . In The International Handbook of Teachers and Teaching , Edited by: Biddle , BJ , Good , TL and Goodson , IF . Dordrecht : Kluwer .
- Rinehart , JS and Short , PM . 1992 . Reading recovery as an empowerment phenomenon . The Journal of School Leadership , 1 (4) : 379 – 399 .
- Robb , L . 2000 . Redefining Staff Development , Portsmouth, NH : Heinemann .
- Rosenshire , B and Furst , N . 1973 . “ The use of direct observation to study teaching ” . In Second Handbook of Research on Teaching , Edited by: Travers , R . Chicago, IL : Rand McNaIIy .
- Schein , E . 1992 . Organizational Culture and Leadership , (2nd edn) , San Francisco, CA : Jossey Bass .
- Schmocker , M . 1996 . Results: the key to continuous improvement , Alexandria, VA : Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development .
- Scottish Council for Research in Education . 1995 . “ Issues in teachers' continuing professional development ” . Interchange No. 33 Edinburgh : SCRE . [ERIC No. ED386429]
- Senge , PM . 1990 . The Fifth Discipline: the art and practice of the learning organization , New York : Doubleday .
- Sergiovanni , TJ . 1984 . Leadership and excellence in schooling: excellent schools need freedom within boundaries . Educational Leadership , 41 (5) : 4 – 13 .
- Sergiovanni , TJ . 1996 . Leadership for the Schoolhouse , San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass .
- Short , PM , Greer , JT and Michael , R . 1991 . Restructuring schools through empowerment: facilitating the process . Journal of School Leadership , 1 (2) : 5 – 25 .
- Short , PM and Rinehart , JS . 1993 . Teacher empowerment and school climate . Education , 113 (4) : 592 – 596 .
- Smylie , MA . 1989 . Teachers' views of the effectiveness of sources of learning to teach . Elementary School Journal , 89 (5) : 543 – 558 .
- Smylie , MA , Bilcer , DK , Greenberg , RC and Harris , RJ . Urban Teacher Professional Development: a portrait of practice from Chicago . paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association . April , San Diego, CA.
- Sparks , D and Loucks-Horsley , S . 1990 . “ Models of staff development ” . In Handbook of Research in Teacher Education , (1st edn) , Edited by: Houston , M . 234 – 250 . New York : MacMillan .
- Sprinthall , N , Reiman , A and Thies-Sprinthall , L . 1996 . “ Teacher professional development ” . In Handbook of Research on Teacher Education , (2nd edn) , Edited by: Sikula , J . 666 – 703 . New York : MacMillan .
- Supovitz , J and Zief , S . 2000 . Survey reveals barriers to teacher participation . Journal of Staff Development , 21 (4) : 25 – 28 .
- Thies-Sprinthall , L and Sprinthall , N . 1987 . Experienced teachers: agents for revitalization and renewal as mentors and teacher educators . Journal of Teacher Education , 169 (1) : 65 – 75 .
- Wade , RK . 1985 . What makes a difference in inservice teacher education: a meta-analysis of research . Educational Leadership , 4 (4) : 48 – 54 .
- Wilson , S and Berne , J . 1999 . “ Teacher learning and the acquisition of professional knowledge: an examination of research on contemporary professional development ” . In Review of Research in Education , Edited by: Iran-Nejaf , A and Pearson , PD . Vol. 24 , 173 – 209 . Washington, DC : American Educational Research Association .
- Wolf , S , Borko , H , Elliott , R and Mclver , M . 2000 . 'That dog won't hunt!': exemplary school change efforts within the Kentucky reform . American Educational Research Journal , 37 (2) : 348 – 393 .
- Wood , F and McQuarrie , F Jr. 1999 . On-the-job learning . Journal of Staff Development , 20 (3) summer : 10 – 13 .
- Zepeda , S . 1999 . Staff Development: practices that promote leadership in learning communities , Larchmont, NY : Eye on America .
Professional Development in 'Healthy' vs. 'Unhealthy' Districts: Top 10 characteristics based on research
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.