Returning to STEM: gendered factors affecting employability for mature women students

References

• Ackers, Louise. 2004. “Managing Relationships in Peripatetic Careers: Scientific Mobility in the European Union.” Women’s Studies International Forum27 (3): 189–201.10.1016/j.wsif.2004.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrew, Alison. 2009. “Challenging Boundaries to ‘Employability’: Women Apprentices in a Non-Traditional Occupation.” Social Policy and Society8 (03): 347–359.10.1017/S1474746409004898
   Google Scholar
• Athena SWAN. 2013. Accessed April 9. http://www.athenswan.org.uk
   Google Scholar
• Barley, Stephen R., and GideonKunda. 2004. Gurus, Hired Guns, and Warm Bodies: Itinerant Experts in a Knowledge Economy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barnard, Sarah, AbigailPowell, BarbaraBagilhole, and AndyDainty. 2010. “Researching UK Women Professionals in SET: A Critical Review of Current Approaches.” International Journal of Gender Science and Technology2 (3): 361–381.
   Google Scholar
• Bebbington, Diane. 2002. “Women in Science, Engineering and Technology: A Review of the Issues.” Higher Education Quarterly56 (4): 360–375.10.1111/hequ.2002.56.issue-4
   Google Scholar
• Biemann, Torsten, HannesZacher, and Daniel C.Feldmann. 2012. “Career Patterns: A Twenty Year Panel Study.” Journal of Vocational Behavior81 (2): 159–170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blasko, Zsuzsa, JohnBrennan, BrendaLittle, and TarlaShah. 2002. Access to What: Analysis of Factors Determining Graduate Employability. London: HEFCE.
   Google Scholar
• Blickenstaff, Jacob Clark. 2005. “Women and Science Careers: Leaky Pipeline or Gender Filter?” Gender and Education17 (4): 369–386.10.1080/09540250500145072
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridgstock, Ruth. 2009. “The Graduate Attributes we’ve Overlooked: Enhancing Graduate Employability through Career Management Skills.” Higher Education Research & Development28 (1): 31–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceci, Stephen J., and Wendy M.Williams. 2010. The Mathematics of Sex: How Biology and Society Conspire to Limit Talented Women and Girls. New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1177/0891243211423659.
   Google Scholar
• Cohoon, J. McGrath, and WilliamAsprey, eds. 2008. Women and Information Technology: Research on Underrepresentation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Connolly, Sara, and MaryGregory. 2008. “Moving Down: Women’s Part-Time Work and Occupational Change in Britain 1991–2001.” The Economic Journal118 (526): F52–F76.10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02116.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cranmer, Sue. 2006. “Enhancing Graduate Employability: Best Intentions and Mixed Outcomes.” Studies in Higher Education31 (2): 169–184.10.1080/03075070600572041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donelan, Helen, ClemHerman, KarenKear, and GillKirkup. 2009. “Patterns of Online Networking for Women’s Career Development.” Gender in Management: An International Journal24 (2): 92–111.10.1108/17542410910938790
   Google Scholar
• Duberley, Joanne, and LaurieCohen. 2010. ?Gendering Career Capital: An Investigation of Scientific Careers.? Journal of Vocational Behavior76: 187?197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EC (European Commission)2012. SHE Figures 2012: Gender in Research and Innovation – Statistics and Indicators. Accessed April 10, 2013. http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/document_library/pdf_06/she_figures_2012_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ellen, Debbie, and ClemHerman. 2005. “Women’s Training Revisited: Developing New Learning Pathways for Women IT Technicians Using a Holistic Approach.” In The Gender Politics of ICT, edited by JacquelineArchibald, JudyEmms, FrancesGrundy, JanetPayne, and EvaTurner, 251–264. London: Middlesex University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Faulkner, Wendy. 2009. “Doing Gender in Engineering Workplace Cultures. II. Gender in/Authenticity and the in/Visibility Paradox.” Engineering Studies1 (3): 169–189.10.1080/19378620903225059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, Catherine. 2002. “Lifestyle Preferences as Determinants of Women’s Differentiated Labor Market Careers.” Work and Occupations29: 428–459. doi:10.1177/0730888402029004003.10.1177/0730888402029004003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HEFCE. 2011. Opportunity, Choice and Excellence in Higher Education. Bristol: HEFCE. Accessed October 18, 2013. http://www.hefce.ac.uk/about/howweoperate/strategystatement/
   Google Scholar
• Herman, Clem, BarbaraHodgson, GillKirkup, and ElizabethWhitelegg. 2011. “Innovatory Educational Models for Women Returners in Science, Engineering and Technology Professions.” In Gendered Choices, edited by SueJackson, IreneMalcolm, and KateThomas, 53–68. London: Springer Academic Press.10.1007/978-94-007-0647-7
   Google Scholar
• Herman, Clem, and JulietWebster. 2010. “Taking a Lifecycle Approach: Redefining Women Returners to Science Engineering and Technology.” International Journal of Gender Science and Technology2 (2): 179–205.
   Google Scholar
• Herman, Clem, and SuzanLewis. 2012. “Entitled to a Sustainable Career? Motherhood in Science, Engineering and Technology.” Journal of Social Issues68 (4): 766–789.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman, Clem, SuzanLewis, and Anne LaureHumbert. 2013. “Women Scientists and Engineers in European Companies: Putting Motherhood under the Microscope.” Gender Work and Organisation20 (5): 467–478. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2012.00596.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman, Clem, and GillKirkup. 2008. “Learners in Transition: The Use of ePortfolios for Women Returners to Science, Engineering and Technology.” Innovations in Education and Teaching International45 (1): 67–76.10.1080/14703290701757468
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewlett, Sylvia Ann. 2007. Off Ramps and On Ramps: Keeping Talented Women on the Road to Success. Boston MA: Harvard Business School Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hewlett, Sylvia Ann, Caroline BuckLuce, LisaServon, LauraSherbin, PeggyShiller, EytanSosnovich, and KarenSumberg. 2008. The Athena Factor: Reversing the Brain Drain in Science, Engineering, and Technology. Harvard Business Review Research Report. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, Catherine, ChristianneCorbett, and Andresse StRose. 2010. Why So Few? Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. Washington, DC: AAUW. Accessed April 10, 2013. http://www.aauw.org/files/2013/02/Why-So-Few-Women-in-Science-Technology-Engineering-and-Mathematics.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hillage, Jim, and EmmaPollard. 1998. Employability: Developing a Framework for Policy Analysis. London: Department for Education and Employment.
   Google Scholar
• Hodkinson, Phil, and Andrew C.Sparkes. 1997. “Careership: A Sociological Theory of Career Decision Making.” British Journal of Sociology of Education18 (1): 29–44.10.1080/0142569970180102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes, Leonard. 2013. “Competing Perspectives on Graduate Employability: Possession, Position or Process?” Studies in Higher Education38 (4): 538–554.10.1080/03075079.2011.587140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooley, Tristram, JoHutchinson, and SiobhanNeary. 2012. Supporting STEM Students into STEM Careers: A Practical Introduction for Academics. International Centre for Guidance Studies, University of Derby/HESTEM. Accessed May 15, 2013. http://www.derby.ac.uk/files/supporting_stem_students_into_stem_careers-2012.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, Andrew. 2006. “Women, Lifelong Learning and Transitions into Employment.” Work, Employment & Society20 (2): 309–328.10.1177/0950017006064116
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgenson, Jane. 2002. “Engineering Selves: Negotiating Gender and Identity in Technical Work.” Management Communication Quarterly15 (3): 350–380.10.1177/0893318902153002
   Google Scholar
• Kirkup, Gill, AnnaZalevski, TakaoMaruyama, and IsmaBatool. 2010. Women and Men in Science, Engineering and Technology: The UK Statistics Guide 2010. Bradford: UKRC (UK Resource Centre for Women in SET).
   Google Scholar
• Leahy, Mary, and JamesDoughney. 2006. “Women, Work and Preference Formation: A Critique of Catherine Hakim’s Preference Theory.” Journal of Business Systems, Governance and Ethics1 (1): 37–48.
   Google Scholar
• Lovejoy, Meg, and PamelaStone. 2012. “Opting Back in: The Influence of Time at Home on Professional Women’s Career Redirection after Opting Out.” Gender, Work & Organization19 (6): 631–653.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks, Gillian, and Diane M.Houston. 2002. “Attitudes towards Work and Motherhood Held by Working and Non-Working Mothers.” Work, Employment & Society16 (3): 523–536.10.1177/095001702762217470
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason, Geoff, and GarethWilliams, and SueCranmer. 2009. “Employability Skills Initiatives in Higher Education: What Effects Do They have on Graduate Labour Market Outcomes?” Education Economics17 (1): 1–30.10.1080/09645290802028315
   Google Scholar
• Mavriplis, Catherine, RachelleHeller, CherylBeil, KimDam, NatalyaYassinskaya, MeganShaw, and CharleneSorensen. 2010. “Mind the Gap: Women in STEM Career Breaks.” Journal of Technology Management & Innovation5 (1): 140–151.
   Google Scholar
• McDonald, Steve. 2005. “Patterns of Informal Job Matching across the Life Course: Entry-Level, Reentry-Level, and Elite Non-Searching.” Sociological Inquiry75 (3): 403–428.10.1111/soin.2005.75.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntosh, Bryan, RonaldMcQuaid, AnneMunro, and ParvizDabir-Alai. 2012. “Motherhood and Its Impact on Career Progression.” Gender in Management: An International Journal27 (5): 346–364.
   Google Scholar
• McQuaid, Ronald W., and ColinLindsay. 2005. “The Concept of Employability.” Urban Studies42 (2): 197–219.10.1080/0042098042000316100
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreau, Marie Pierre, and CaroleLeathwood. 2006. “Graduates’ Employment and the Discourse of Employability: A Critical Analysis.” Journal of Education and Work19 (4): 305–324.10.1080/13639080600867083
   Google Scholar
• Panteli, Niki. 2006. “Returning to IT: Employment and Development after a Career Break in the United Kingdom.” Labour & Industry: A Journal of the Social and Economic Relations of Work16 (3): 133–150.10.1080/10301763.2006.10669334
   Google Scholar
• Pegg, Ann, JeffWaldock, SoniaHendy-Isaac, and RuthLawton. 2012. Pedagogy for Employability. York: Higher Education Academy.
   Google Scholar
• People Science & Policy Ltd. 2002. Maximising Returns to Science, Engineering and Technology Careers. London: Department of Trade and Industry.
   Google Scholar
• Peters, Jan, and SeanMcWhinnie. 2012. Jobs for the Boys- Summary Report of SET to Lead: Increasing the Opportunities for Women Engineering Undergraduates. London: UCL. Accessed March 29, 2013. http://katalytik.co.uk/index.php/download_file/view/143/136/
   Google Scholar
• Phipps, Alison. 2008. Women in Science, Engineering and Technology: Three Decades of UK Initiatives. Sterling, VA: Trentham Books.
   Google Scholar
• Riach, Kathleen, and WendyLoretto. 2009. “Identity Work and the ‘unemployed’ Worker: Age, Disability and the Lived Experience of the Older Unemployed.” Work, Employment & Society23 (1): 102–119.10.1177/0950017008099780
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Vicki. 2010. “Review Article: Enhancing Employability: Human, Cultural, and Social Capital in an Era of Turbulent Unpredictability.” Human Relations63 (2): 279–300.10.1177/0018726709353639
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Emma. 2011. “Women into Science and Engineering? Gendered Participation in Higher Education STEM Subjects.” British Educational Research Journal37 (6): 993–1014.10.1080/01411926.2010.515019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinke, Jocelyn. 2013. “In Her Own Voice: Identity Centrality and Perceptions of Workplace Climate in Blogs by Women Scientists.” International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology5 (1): 25–51. Accessed May 15, 2013. http://genderandset.open.ac.uk/index.php/genderandset/article/view/264
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson, Jacqueline, and SueClegg. 2012. “Who Cares? Gender Dynamics in the Valuing of Extra-Curricular Activities in Higher Education.” Gender and Education24 (1): 41–55.10.1080/09540253.2011.565039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoloff, Jennifer A., Jennifer L.Glanville, and Elisa JayneBienenstock. 1999. “Women’s Participation in the Labor Force: The Role of Social Networks.” Social Networks21 (1): 91–108.10.1016/S0378-8733(99)00003-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, Jennifer. 2006. “Women’s Work-Life Balance Trajectories in the UK: Reformulating Choice and Constraint in Transitions through Part-Time Work across the Life-Course.” British Journal of Guidance & Counselling34 (3): 365–382.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, Michael. 2007. “Graduate Employability and Student Attitudes and Orientations to the Labour Market.” Journal of Education and Work20 (4): 285–304.10.1080/13639080701650164
   Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, Jennifer, WendyOlsen, and KingsleyPurdam. 2009. “Women Returners and Potential Returners: Employment Profiles and Labour Market Opportunities – A Case Study of the United Kingdom.” European Sociological Review25 (3): 349–363.10.1093/esr/jcn053
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson, Jennifer, WendyOlsen, DanNeff, KingsleyPurdam, and SmitaMehta. 2005. Examining the Potential for Women Returners to Work in Areas of High Occupational Gender Segregation. London: DTI.
   Google Scholar
• Watts, Jacqueline H.2008. “Impression Management: A Form of Emotion Work for Women in a Male-Dominated Profession.” International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion2 (3): 221–223.10.1504/IJWOE.2008.019424
   Google Scholar
• Ybema, Sierk, TomKeenoy, CliffOswick, ArminBeverungen, NickEllis, and IdaSabelis. 2009. “Articulating Identities.” Human Relations62 (3): 299–322.10.1177/0018726708101904
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yorke, Mantz. 2006. Employability in Higher Education: What It is – What It is Not, Learning and Employability Series 1. York: ESECT and Higher Education Academy. Accessed May 15, 2013. http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/resources/detail/employability/employability336
   Google Scholar