3,577
Views
133
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Geographically weighted principal components analysis

, &
Pages 1717-1736 | Received 26 Nov 2010, Accepted 09 Jan 2011, Published online: 23 Aug 2011

References

  • Brunsdon , C. , Fotheringham , A.S. and Charlton , M.E. 1996 . Geographically weighted regression: a method for exploring spatial nonstationarity . Geographical Analysis , 28 ( 4 ) : 281 – 298 .
  • Brunsdon , C. , Fotheringham , A.S. and Charlton , M.E. 1998 . Geographically weighted regression – modelling spatial non-stationarity . The Statistician , 47 ( 3 ) : 431 – 443 .
  • Charlton , M. , Openshaw , S. and Wymer , C. 1985 . Some new classifications of census enumeration districts in Britain: a poor man's ACORN . Journal of Economic and Social Measurement , 13 : 69 – 96 .
  • Chatfield , C. and Collins , A.J. 1980 . Introduction to multivariate analysis , London : Chapman and Hall .
  • Cleveland , W.S. 1979 . Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots . Journal of the American Statistical Association , 74 ( 368 ) : 829 – 836 .
  • Filzmoser , P. , Maronna , R. and Werner , M. 2008 . Outlier identification in high dimensions . Computational Statistics and Data Analysis , 52 : 1694 – 1711 .
  • Fotheringham , A.S. , Brunsdon , C. and Charlton , M.E. 2002 . Geographically weighted regression: the analysis of spatially varying relationships , Chichester : Wiley .
  • Gould , P.R. 1967 . On the geographical interpretation of eigenvalues . Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers , 42 : 53 – 86 .
  • Hägerstrand , T. 1967 . Innovation diffusion as a spatial process , Edited by: Pred , A. Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Hengl , T. , Rossiter , D.G. and Stein , A. 2003 . Soil sampling strategies for spatial prediction by correlation with auxiliary maps . Australian Journal of Soil Research , 41 : 1403 – 1422 .
  • Hotelling , H. 1933 . Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components . Journal of Educational Psychology , 24 ( 6 ) : 417 – 441 . and 24 (7), 498–520
  • Ihaka , R. and Gentleman , R. 1996 . R: A language for data analysis and graphics . Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics , 5 : 299 – 314 .
  • Jeffers , J.N.R. 1967 . Two case studies in the application of principal component analysis . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series C (Applied Statistics) , 16 ( 3 ) : 225 – 236 .
  • Joliffe , I.T. 1982 . A note on the use of principal components in regression . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series C (Applied Statistics) , 31 ( 3 ) : 300 – 303 .
  • Joliffe , I.T. 2002 . Principal components analysis , 2nd , New York : Springer-Verlag .
  • Jombart , T. , Devillard , S. , Dufour , A-B. and Pontier , D. 2008 . Revealing cryptic patterns in genetic variability by a new multivariate method . Heredity , 101 : 92 – 103 .
  • Kavanagh , A. 2006 . Turnout or turned off? Electoral participation in Dublin in the early 21st century . Journal of Irish Urban Studies , 3 ( 2 ) : 1 – 24 .
  • Kelly , A. and Teljeur , C. 2007 . The National Deprivation Index for Health and Health Services Research , Dublin : Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College, SAHRU Technical Report .
  • Lloyd , C.D. 2010 . Analysing population characteristics using geographically weighted principal components analysis: a case study of Northern Ireland in 2001 . Computers, Environment and Urban Systems , 34 : 389 – 399 .
  • Openshaw , S. , Charlton , M.E. , Wymer , C. and Craft , A.W. 1987 . A mark I geographical analysis machine for the automated analysis of point data sets . International Journal of Geographical Information Systems , 1 : 335 – 358 .
  • Pearson , K. 1901 . On lines and planes of closest fit to systems of points in space . Philosophical Magazine Series 6 , 2 ( 11 ) : 559 – 572 .
  • Reades , J. , Calabrese , F. and Ratti , C. 2009 . Eigenplaces: analysing cities using the space-time structure of the mobile phone network . Environment & Planning B , 36 : 824 – 836 .
  • Rousseeuw , P.J. , Debruyne , M. , Engelen , S. and Hubert , M. 2006 . Robust and outlier detection in chemometrics . Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry , 36 : 221 – 242 .
  • Tobler , W. 2004 . Thirty-five years of computer cartograms . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 94 : 58 – 73 .
  • Vines , S.K. 2000 . Simple principal components . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C (Applied Statistics) , 49 : 441 – 451 .
  • Wheeler , D. 2007 . Diagnostic tools and a remedial method for collinearity in geographically weighted regression . Environment & Planning B , 39 : 2464 – 2481 .
  • Wheeler , D. 2009 . Simultaneous coefficient penalization and model selection in geographically weighted regression: the geographically weighted lasso . Environment & Planning B , 41 : 722 – 742 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.