Revisiting the ‘Is GIScience a science?’ debate (or quite possibly scientific gerrymandering)

References

• Bala , A. and Joseph , G.G. 2007 . Indigenous knowledge and western science: the possibility of dialogue . Race and Class , 49 : 39 – 61 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartie , P. 2010 . Advancing visibility modelling algorithms for urban environments . Computers Environment and Urban Systems , 34 : 518 – 531 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breetzke , G.D. 2010 . Modeling violent crime rates: a test of social disorganization in the city of Tshwane, South Africa . Journal of Criminal Studies , 38 : 446 – 452 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunge , M. 1961 . The weight of simplicity in the construction and assaying of scientific theories . Philosophy of Science , 28 : 120 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caron , C. 2008 . GISc journals ranking and evaluation: an international Delphi study . Transactions in GIS , 12 : 293 – 321 .
   Google Scholar
• Conradson , D. and Pawson , E. 2009 . New cultural economies of marginality: revisiting the West coast, South Island, New Zealand . Journal of Rural Studies , 25 : 77 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cupples , J. 2012 . Wild globalization: the biopolitics of climate change and global capitalism on Nicaragua's Mosquito Coast . Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography , 44 : 10 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Laplante , K. 1999 . Certainty and domain-independence in the sciences of complexity: a critique of James Franklin's account of formal science . Studies in History and Philosophy of Science , 30 : 699 – 720 .
   Google Scholar
• Dhar , P.K. and Giuliani , A. 2009 . Laws of biology: why so few? . Systems and Synthetic Biology , 4 : 7 – 13 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Egenhofer , M. and Franzosa , R. 1991 . Point-set topological spatial relations . International Journal of Geographical Information Systems , 5 : 161 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engle , S.T. 2001 . Negotiating technology - (re)considering the use of GIS by indigenous peoples. New Zealand Geographer , 57 : 27 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Feyerabend , P. 1993 . Against method , New York : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Fisher , P. 2007 . Valediction . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 21 : 1165 – 1170 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher , P.F. 2001 . Citations to the International Journal of Geographical Information Systems and Science: the first 10 years . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 15 : 1 – 6 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher , P.F. 2006 . Classics from IJGIS: twenty years of the international journal of geographical information science and systems , New York : Taylor and Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Fotheringham , A.S. and Brunsdon , C. 2011 . Some thoughts on inference in the analysis of spatial data . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 18 : 447 – 457 .
   Google Scholar
• Franklin , S. 1995 . Science as culture, cultures of science . Annual Review of Anthropology , 24 : 163 – 184 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gieryn , T.F. 1999 . Cultural boundaries of science: credibility on the line , Chicago , IL : The University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gombay , N. 2010 . Community, obligation, and food: lessons from the moral geography of Inuit . Geografiska Annaler B , 92 : 237 – 250 .
   Google Scholar
• Gomez , C. and Lavigne , F. 2010 . Transverse architecture of lahar terraces, inferred from radargrams: preliminary results from Semeru Volcano, Indonesia . Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , 35 : 1116 – 1121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M. 2004a . GISc, geography, form, and process . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 94 : 709 – 714 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M. 2004b . The validity and usefulness of laws in geographic information science and geography . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 94 : 300 – 303 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M. 2006 . “ Geographical information science: fifteen years later ” . In P. Fisher (ed.), Classics from IJGIS: twenty years of the International Journal of Geographical Information Science and Systems , 199 – 204 . Boca Raton , FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M. 1999 . Introduction to the varenius project . International Journal of Geographic Information Science , 13 : 731 – 745 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M.F. 1992 . Geographical information sceince . International Journal of Geographic Information Systems , 6 : 31 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M.F. 2010 . Twenty years of progress: GISc in 2010 . Journal of Spatial Information Science , 1 : 3 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Goodchild , M.F. , Yuan , M. and Cova , T.J. 2007 . Towards a general theory of geographic representation in GIS . International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 21 : 239 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart , D.E. and Bryan , K.R. 2008 . New Zealand coastal system boundaries, connections and management . New Zealand Geographer , 64 : 129 – 143 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes , R. 2008 . The influence of road curvature on fatal crashes in New Zealand . Accident Analysis and Prevention , 40 : 843 – 850 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyningen-Huene , P. 2008 . Systematicity: the nature of science . Philosophia , 36 : 167 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imhof , E. 2007 . Cartographic relief presentation , Redlands , CA : ESRI Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kuhn , T.S. 1962 . The structure of scientific revolutions , 3rd , Chicago , IL : The University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kusukawa , S. 1996 . “ Bacon's classification of knoweldge ” . In M. Peltonen (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Bacon , 47 – 74 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Laudan , L. 1996 . Beyond positivism and relativism: theory, method and evidence , Boulder , CO : Westview Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , J.M. and Ross , S. 2011 . Advancing visibility modelling algorithms for urban environments . Policy & Politics , 39 : 379 – 398 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Löwe , B. 2002 . The formal sciences: their scope, their foundations, and their unity . Synthese , 133 : 5 – 11 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahner , M. 2007 . “ Demarcating science form non-science ” . In T.A.F. Kuipers, D.M. Gabbay, P. Thagard and J. Woods (eds.), General philosophy of science: focal issues , 515 – 576 . Amsterdam, The Netherlands : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Mark , D.M. 2003 . Geographic information science: defining the field , 3 – 18 . London : Taylor and Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Parr , D.A. and Lu , Y. 2010 . The landscape of GISc publications 1997–2007: an empirical investigation with latent semantic analysis . Transactions in GIS , 14 : 689 – 708 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randell , D. , Cui , Z. and Cohn , A.G. 1992 . “ A spatial logic based on regions and connection ” . In Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on knowledge representation San Mateo
   Google Scholar
• Randell , D. , Cui , Z. and Cohn , A.G. 1998 . “ Geographic information science and systems: a case of the wrong metaphor ” . In T. Poiker and N. Chrisman (eds.), Proceedings of the 8th international symposium on spatial data handling, Vancouver 321 – 330 .
   Google Scholar
• Raper , J. 2009 . Annual review of information science and technology , 73 – 144 . Medford , NJ : Information Today .
   Google Scholar
• Reitsma , F. and Albrecht , J. 2005 . nen, a process-oriented data model . International Journal of Geographic Information Science , 19 : 1073 – 1090 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resnik , D.B. 2000 . A pragmatic approach to the demarcation problem . Studies in History and Philosophy of Science , 31 : 249 – 267 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi , P. 1996 . “ Bacon's idea of science ” . In M. Peltonen, The Cambridge companion to Bacon , 25 – 46 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Segall , R. 2008 . Fertility and scientific realism . British Journal of the Philosophy of Science , 59 : 237 – 246 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sober, E., 1998. Simplicity (in scientific theories). In: E. Craig (ed.), Routledge encyclopedia of philosophy. London: Routledge http://www.rep.routledge.com/article/Q095 (http://www.rep.routledge.com/article/Q095) (Accessed: 2 April 2012 ).
   Google Scholar
• Stamos , D.N. 2007 . Popper, laws, and the exclusion of biology from genuine science . Acta Biotheoretica , 55 : 357 – 375 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thagard , P. 2007 . Coherence, truth, and the development of scientific knowledge . Philosophy of Science , 74 : 28 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobler , W. 2004 . On the first law of geography: a reply . Annals of Association of American Geographers , 94 : 304 – 310 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobler , W.R. 1970 . A computer movie simulating urban growth in the detroit region . Economic Geography , 46 : 234 – 240 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willis , I. 2008 . Subglacial drainage system structure and morphology of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand . Hydrological Processes , 23 : 384 – 396 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wise , S. 2002 . GIS basics , Boca Raton , FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , D.J. , Goodchild , M.F. and Proctor , J.D. 1997 . GIS: tool or science? demystifying the persistent ambiguity of GIS as “Tool” versus “Science” . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 87 : 346 – 362 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan , M. 2001 . Representing complex geographic phenomena in GIS . Cartography and Geographic Information Science , 28 : 83 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Zawar-Reza , P. and Sturman , A. 2008 . Application of airshed modelling to the implementation of the New Zealand National Environmental Standards for air quality . Atmospheric Environment , 42 : 8785 – 8794 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar