718
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The impact of the abolishment of the professor’s privilege on European university-owned patents

ORCID Icon &

References

  • Arqué-Castells, P., R. M. Cartaxo, J. García-Quevedo, and M. M. Godinho. 2016. “Royalty Sharing, Effort and Invention in Universities: Evidence from Portugal and Spain.” Research Policy 45 (9): 1858–1872. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2016.06.006.
  • Backs, S., M. Günther, and C. Stummer. 2019. “Stimulating Academic Patenting in a University Ecosystem: An Agent-based Simulation Approach.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 44 (2): 434–461. doi:10.1007/s10961-018-9697-x.
  • Bercovitz, J., and M. Feldman. 2006. “Entrepreneurial Universities and Technology Transfer: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Knowledge-Based Economic Development.” Journal of Technology Transfer 31: 175–188. doi:10.1007/s10961-005-5029-z.
  • Bessen J. 2008. The Value of US Patents by Owner and Patent Characteristics. Research Policy 5, 932–945.
  • Bradley, S., C. Hayter, and A. Link. 2013. “Models and Methods of University Technology Transfer.” Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship 9 (6): 571–650. doi:10.1561/0300000048.
  • Callaert, J., M. Du Plessis, J. Grouwels, C. Lecocq, T. Magerman, B. Peeters, X. Song, B. Van Looy, and C. Vereyen 2011. “Patent Statistics at Eurostat: Methods for Regionalisation, Sector Allocation and Name Harmonisation.” Eurostat Methodologies and Working Papers, 72 pp. Luxembourg: European Union.
  • Carayol, N., and E. Carpentier. 2019. “Two Decades of Academic Inventions in France.” Mimeo.
  • Carayol, N., and V. Sterzi. 2019. The Transfer and Value of Academic Inventions When The TTO is one option. Mimeo.
  • Chardonnens, F. 2010. “Legislation and Technology Transfer in Switzerland.” Les Nouvelles, Licensing Executives Society International Journal. December.
  • Cunningham, J. A., E. E. Lehmann, M. Menter, and N. Seitz. 2019. “The Impact of University Focused Technology Transfer Policies on Regional Innovation and Entrepreneurship.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 44(5): 1451–1475.
  • Czarnitzki, D., D. Thorsten, K. Hussinger, P. Schliessler, and A. A. Toole. 2015. “Individual versus Institutional Ownership of University-discovered Inventions.” ZEW Discussion paper, no. 15-007.
  • Czarnitzki, D., K. Hussinger, and C. Schneider. 2012. “The Nexus between Science and Industry: Evidence from Faculty Inventions.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 37 (5): 755–776. doi:10.1007/s10961-011-9214-y.
  • Damsgaard, E. F., and M. C. Thursby. 2013. “University Entrepreneurship and Professor Privilege.” Industrial and Corporate Change 22 (1): 183–218. doi:10.1093/icc/dts047.
  • Della Malva, A., F. Lissoni, and P. Llerena. 2013. “Institutional Change and Academic Patenting: French Universities and the Innovation Act of 1999.” Journal of Evolutionary Economics 23 (1): 211–239. doi:10.1007/s00191-011-0243-3.
  • Dornbusch, F., U. Schmoch, N. Schulze, and N. Bethke. 2012. “Identification of University-based Patents: A New Large-scale Approach.” Research Evaluation 22 (1): 52–63. doi:10.1093/reseval/rvs033.
  • Eisenberg, R. S. 1996. “Public Research and Private Development: Patents and Technology Transfer in Government-sponsored Research.” Virginia Law Review 1663–1727. doi:10.2307/1073686.
  • Ejermo, O., and H. Toivanen. 2018. “University Invention and the Abolishment of the Professor’s Privilege in Finland.” Research Policy 47 (4): 814–825. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2018.03.001.
  • Evans, D., and L. S. Leighton. 1989. “Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship.” American Economic Review 79 (3): 519–535.
  • Geuna, A., and F. Rossi. 2011. “Changes to University IPR Regulations in Europe and the Impact on Academic Patenting.” Research Policy 40 (8): 1068–1076. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2011.05.008.
  • Greenbaum, D., and C. Scott. 2010. “Hochschullehrerprivileg - Modern Incarnation of the Professor’s Privilege to Promote University to Industry Technology Transfer.” Science, Technology and Society 15: 55–76. doi:10.1177/097172180901500103.
  • Grimaldi, R., M. Kenney, D. Siegel, and M. Wright. 2011. “30 Years after Bayh–Dole: Reassessing Academic Entrepreneurship.” Research Policy 40: 1045–1057. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2011.04.005.
  • Hall, B. H., A. Jaffe, and M. Trajtenberg. 2005. “Market Value and Patent Citations.” Rand Journal of Economics 36(1): 16–38.
  • Hamilton, B. H. 2000. “Does Entrepreneurship Pay? an Empirical Analysis of the Returns to Self‐Employment.” Journal of Political Economy 108 (3): 604–631. doi:10.1086/262131.
  • Harhoff, D., F. Narin, F. M. Scherer, and K. Vopel. 1999. “Citation frequency and the value of patented inventions.” Review of Economics and Statistics 81 (3): 511–515.
  • Harhoff, D., F. M. Scherer, and K. Vopel. 2003. “Citations, Family Size, Opposition and the Value of Patent Rights.” Research Policy 32 (8): 1343–1363. doi:10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00124-5.
  • Harhoff, D., and M. Reitzig. 2004. “Determinants of Opposition against EPO Patent Grants - the Case of Biotechnology and Pharmaceuticals.” International Journal of Industrial Organization 22 (4): 443–480. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2004.01.001.
  • Heinzl, J., A. Kor, G. Orange, and H. Kaufmann, 2008. “Technology Transfer Model for Austrian Higher Education Institutions.” paper presented at the European and Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems, Dubai (UAE), May 25-26.
  • Henderson, R., A. B. Jaffe, and M. Trajtenberg. 1998. “Universities as a Source of Commercial Technology: A Detailed Analysis of University Patenting, 1965–1988.” Review of Economics and Statistics 80 (1): 119–127. doi:10.1162/003465398557221.
  • Hovenkamp, H., M. Janis, M. Lemley, and C. Leslie. 2013. IP and Antitrust: An Analysis of Antitrust Principles Applied to Intellectual Property Law. Austin: Aspen Publishers.
  • Hvide, H. K., and B. F. Jones. 2018. “University Innovation and the Professor’s Privilege.” American Economic Review 108 (7): 1860–1898. doi:10.1257/aer.20160284.
  • Iversen, E., M. Gulbrandsen, and A. Klitkou. 2007. “A Baseline for the Impact of Academic Patenting Legislation in Norway.” Scientometrics 70: 393–414. doi:10.1007/s11192-007-0209-2.
  • Jaffe, A., and G. De Rassenfosse. 2017. “Patent Citation Data in Social Science Research: Overview and Best Practices.” Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 68 (6): 1360–1374. doi:10.1002/asi.2017.68.issue-6.
  • Kenney, M., and D. Patton. 2011. “Does Inventor Ownership Encourage University Research-derived Entrepreneurship? A Six University Comparison.” Research Policy 40: 1100–1112. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2011.05.012.
  • Lach, S., and M. Schankerman. 2008. “Incentives and invention in Universities.” RAND Journal of Economics 39 (2): 403–433.
  • Lanjouw, J. O., and M. Schankerman. 2004. “Patent Quality and Research Productivity: Measuring Innovation with Multiple Indicators.” The Economic Journal 114 (495): 441–465. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2004.00216.x.
  • Lissoni, F. 2012. “Academic Patenting in Europe: An Overview of Recent Research and New Perspectives.” World Patent Information 34 (3): 197–205. doi:10.1016/j.wpi.2012.03.002.
  • Lissoni, F., M. Pezzoni, B. Poti, and S. Romagnosi. 2013. “University Autonomy, the Professor’s Privilege and Academic Patenting: Italy, 1996–2007.” Industry and Innovation 20 (5): 399–421. doi:10.1080/13662716.2013.824192.
  • Lissoni, F., P. Llerena, M. Mckelvey, and B. Sanditov. 2008. “Academic Patenting in Europe: newevidence from the KENIS database.” Research Evaluation 17 (2): 87–102.
  • Loise, V., and A. J. Stevens. 2010. “The Bayh-Dole Act Turns 30.” Science translational medicine (52): 52.
  • Maraut, S., and C. Martínez. 2014. “Identifying author–inventors from Spain: Methods and a firstinsight into Results.” Scientometrics 101 (1): 445–476.
  • Martinez, C. 2011. “Patent Families: When Do Different Definitions Really Matter?” Scientometrics 86 (1): 39–63. doi:10.1007/s11192-010-0251-3.
  • Martinez, C., and V. Sterzi. 2019. “University Patenting and the Quest for Technology Transfer Policy Models in Europe.” In Handbook of Universities and Regional Development, Chapter 8, edited by A. Varga and K. Erdos (pp. 111–150). Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK.
  • Martínez, C., J. M. Azagra-Caro, and S. Maraut. 2013. “Academic inventors, scientific impact and the institutionalisation of Pasteur’s Quadrant in Spain.” Industry and Innovation 20 (5): 438–455.
  • Martínez, C., and L. Bares. 2018. “The Link between Technology Transfer and International Extension of University Patents: Evidence from Spain.” Science and Public Policy 45 (6): 827–842. doi:10.1093/scipol/scy008.
  • Mejer, M. 2011. “Entrepreneurial Scientists and Their Publication Performance. An Insight from Belgium. ECARES Working Paper 2011–017.” European Center for Advanced Research in Economics and Statistics. Université Libre de Bruxelles. Brussels.
  • Mowery, D., and B. Sampat. 2005. “The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 and University-Industry Technology Transfer: A Model for Other OECD Governments?” Journal of Technology Transfer 30: 115–127. doi:10.1007/s10961-004-4361-z.
  • Rosell, C., and A. Agrawal. 2009. “Have University Knowledge Flows Narrowed? Evidence from Patent Data.” Research Policy 38: 1–13. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2008.07.014.
  • Rosenbaum, P. R., and D.B. Rubin. 1983. “The Central Role Of The Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects.” Biometrika 70 (1): 41–55.
  • Sampat, B. N., D. C. Mowery, and A. A. Ziedonis. 2003. “Changes in University Patent Quality after the Bayh-Dole Act: A Re-examination.” International Journal of Industrial Organization 21 (9): 1371–1390. doi:10.1016/S0167-7187(03)00087-0.
  • Schacht, W. 2012. “The Bayh-Dole Act: Selected Issues in Patent Policy and the Commercialization of Technology.” CRS Report for Congress. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32076.pdf
  • Schmoch, U. 2007. “Patentanmeldungen Aus Deutschen Hochschulen.” Studien zum deutschen Innovationssystem no. 10-2007.
  • Schmoch, U. 2008. “Concept of a Technology Classification for Country Comparisons.” Final report to the World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO). Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer ISI.
  • Schoen, A., D. Heinisch, and G. Buenstorf. 2014. “Playing the ‘name Game’to Identify Academic Patents in Germany.” Scientometrics 101 (1): 527–545. doi:10.1007/s11192-014-1400-x.
  • Shane, S., E. A. Locke, and C. J. Collins. 2003. “Entrepreneurial Motivation.” Human Resource Management Review 13 (2): 257–279. doi:10.1016/S1053-4822(03)00017-2.
  • Spilling, O. R., S. B. Brorstad, E. J. Iversen, E. Rasmussen, and E. Solberg. 2015. “Virkemiddelapparatet for Kommersialisering Av Forskning – Status Og Utfordringer (Kap 2: Patentering) Rapport 18/2015.”
  • Squicciarini, M., H. Dernis, and C. Criscuolo 2013. “Measuring Patent Quality: Indicators of Technological and Economic Value.” OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, 3.
  • Stephan, P. 1996. “The Economics of Science.” Journal of Economic Literature 34 (3): 1199–1235.
  • Sterzi, V. 2013. “Patent Quality and Ownership: An Analysis of UK Faculty Patenting.” Research Policy 42 (2): 564–576. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2012.07.010.
  • Sterzi, V., M. Pezzoni, and F. Lissoni. 2019. “Patent Management by Universities: Evidence from Italian Academic Inventions.” Industrial and Corporate Change 28 (2): 309–330. doi:10.1093/icc/dty070.
  • Takenaka, T. 2005. “Technology Licensing and University Research in Japan.” International Journal of Intellectual Property Law, Economy and Management 1 (1): 27–36. doi:10.2321/ijip.1.27.
  • Valentin, F., and R. L. Jensen. 2007. “Effects on Academia-industry Collaboration of Extending University Property Rights.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 32 (3): 251–276. doi:10.1007/s10961-006-9015-x.
  • Von Proff, S., G. Buenstorf, and M. Hummel. 2012. “University Patenting in Germany before and after 2002: What Role Did the Professors’ Privilege Play?” Industry and Innovation 19: 23–44. doi:10.1080/13662716.2012.649060.
  • Webb, C., H. Dernis, D. Harhoff, and K. Hoisl. 2005. “Analysing European and International Patent Citations: A Set of EPO Patent Database Building Blocks.” OECD STI Working Paper 2005/9.
  • Zuniga, P. 2011. “The State of Patenting at Research Institutions in Developing Countries: Policy Approaches and Practices.” WIPO Economic Research Working Papers, 4.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.