In search of family-friendly careers? Professional strategies, work conditions and gender differences in work–family conflict

References

• Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(2), 278–308. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.5.2.278
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Kiburz, K. M., & Shockley, K. M. (2013). Work-Family conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility. Personnel Psychology, 66, 345–376. doi: 10.1111/peps.12012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allvin, M., & Aronsson, G. (2003). The future of work environment reforms: Does the concept of work environment apply within the new economy? International Journal of Health Services, 33, 99–111. doi: 10.2190/1D2L-2HV2-0QLL-4PGW
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailyn, L. (1993). Breaking the mold: Men, women and time in the new corporate world. New York, NY: The Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. doi: 10.1108/02683940710733115
   Google Scholar
• Beck, U. (1992). Risk society: Towards a new modernity. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, G. (1985). Human capital, effort and the sexual division of labor. Journal of Labor Economics, 3(1), S33–S58. doi: 10.1086/298075
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, G. (1991). A treatise on the family. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Byron, K. (2005). A meta-analytic review of work–family conflict and its antecedents. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67, 169–198. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2004.08.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson, D. S., & Grzywacs, J. G. (2008). Reflections and future directions on measurement in work–family research. In K. Korabik, D. S. Lero, & D. L. Whitehead (Eds.), Handbook of work–family integration (pp. 57–74). London: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56, 249–276. doi: 10.1006/jvbe.1999.1713
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crompton, R., & Lyonette, C. (2006). Work-life “balance” in Britain and Europe. Acta Sociologica, 49(4), 379–393. doi: 10.1177/0001699306071680
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edlund, J. (2007). The work–family time squeeze: Conflicting demands of paid and unpaid work among working couples in 29 countries. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 48(6), 451–480. doi: 10.1177/0020715207083338
   Google Scholar
• Edlund, J. & Öun, I. (2016). Who should work and who should care? Attitudes towards the desirable division of labour between mothers and fathers in five European countries. Acta Sociologica, 59(2), 151–169. doi: 10.1177/0001699316631024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estevez-Abe, M. (2005). Gender bias in skills and social policies: The varieties of capitalism perspective on sex segregation. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 12(2), 180–215. doi: 10.1093/sp/jxi011
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. (2016). Strategic engagement for gender equality 2016–2019. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/justice/gender-equality/document/files/strategic_engagement_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Fulcher, M., & Coyle, E. F. (2011). Breadwinner and caregiver: A cross-sectional analysis of children’s and emerging adults’ visions of their future family roles. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 29(2), 330–346. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-835X.2011.02026.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fulcher, M., Dinella, L. M., & Weisgram, E. S. (2015). Constructing a feminist reorganization of the heterosexual breadwinner/caregiver family model: College students’ plans for their own future families. Sex Roles, 73(3), 174–186. doi: 10.1007/s11199-015-0487-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glass, J., & Camarigg, V. (1992). Gender parenthood, and job-family compatibility. American Journal of Sociology, 98(1), 131–151. doi: 10.1086/229971
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glauber, R. (2011). Limited Access: Gender, occupational composition, and flexible work scheduling. The Sociological Quarterly, 52, 472–494. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-8525.2011.01215.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldin, C. (2014). A grand gender convergence: Its last chapter. American Economic Review, 104(4), 1091–1119. doi: 10.1257/aer.104.4.1091
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grönlund, A. (2004). Flexibilitetens gränser. Förändring och friktion i arbetsliv och familj. Umeå: Boréa. [The boundaries of flexibility. Academic dissertation Umeå University.]
   Google Scholar
• Grönlund, A. (2007). More control, less conflict? job demand–control, gender and work–family conflict. Gender, Work & Organization, 14(5), 476–497. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0432.2007.00361.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grönlund, A. (2012). On-the-job training - a mechanism for seregation? Examining the relationship between gender, occupation, and on-the-job training investments. European Sociological Review, 28(3), 408–420. doi: 10.1093/esr/jcr007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grönlund, A. (2017). On different tracks? gender, professional strategies, and early career wage gaps. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, 7(2), 9–25. doi: 10.18291/njwls.v7i2.81592
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grönlund, A. & Öun, I. (2010). Rethinking work-family conflict: dual-earner policies, role conflict and role expansion in Western Europe. Journal of European Social Policy, 20(3), 179–195. doi: 10.1177/0958928710364431
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, C. (1991). Grateful slaves and self-made women: Fact and fantasy in women’s work orientations. European Sociological Review, 7(2), 101–121. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a036590
   Google Scholar
• Hakim, C. (2000). Work-lifestyle choices in the 21st century. Preference theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hakim, C. (2002). Lifestyle preferences as determinants of women’s differentiated labor market careers. Work and Occupations, 29(4), 428–459. doi: 10.1177/0730888402029004003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer, L. B., Neal, M. B., Newsom, J. T., Brockwood, K. J., & Colton, C. L. (2005). A longitudinal study of the effects of dual-earner couples’ utilization of family-friendly workplace supports on work and family outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 799–810. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.799
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins, C., Duxbury, L., & Julien, M. (2014). The relationship between work arrangements and work-family conflict. Work, 48, 69–81.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jonsson, D. (2007). Time-related fexibility and stability for employees. In B. Furåker, K. Håkansson, & J. C. Karlsson (Eds.), Flexibility and stability in working life (pp. 197–217). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 285–306. doi: 10.2307/2392498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karasek, R. A., & Theorell, T. (1990). Healthy work: Stress, productivity and the reconstruction of working life. New York, NY: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Korpi, W. (2000). Faces of inequality: Gender, class and patterns of inequalities in different types of welfare states. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 7(2), 127–191. doi: 10.1093/sp/7.2.127
   Google Scholar
• Landsbergis, P. A., Schnall, P. L., Schwartz, J. E., Warren, K., & Pickering, T. G. (1995). Job strain, hypertension and cardiovascular disease: Empirical evidence, methodological issues and recommendations for future research. In S. L. Sauter & L. R. Murphy (Eds.), Organizational risk factors for Job stress (pp. 97–112). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Lyness, K. S., Gornick, J. C., Stone, P., & Grotto, A. R. (2012). It’s all about control: Worker control over schedule and hours in cross-national context. American Sociological Review, 77(6), 1023–1049. doi: 10.1177/0003122412465331
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson, C. (2010). Why is there a gender wage gap according to occupational prestige? An analysis of the gender wage gap by occupational prestige and family obligations in Sweden. Acta Sociologica, 53(2), 99–117. doi: 10.1177/0001699310365627
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson, C., & Nermo, M. (2017). Gender, parenthood and wage differences: The importance of time-consuming job characteristics. Social Indicators Research, 131(2), 797–816. doi: 10.1007/s11205-016-1271-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrate, E. (2005). Flexible hours, workplace authority, and compensating wage differentials in the US. Feminist Economics, 11, 11–39. doi: 10.1080/1354570042000332588
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel, J. S., Kotrba, L. M., Mitchelson, J. K., Clark, M. A., & Baltes, B. B. (2011). Antecedents of work-family conflict: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32, 689–725. doi: 10.1002/job.695
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moen, P., Kelly, E., & Huang, Q. (2008). Work, family and life-course fit: Does control over work time matter? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73, 414–425. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2008.08.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nijp, H. H., Beckers, D. G. L., Geurts, S. A. E., Tucker, P., & Kompier, M. A. J. (2012). Systematic review on the association between employee worktime control and work-non-work balance, health and wellbeing, and job-related outcomes. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 38(4), 299–313. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OECD. (2007). Babies and bosses. Reconciling work and family life. A synthesis of findings for OECD countries. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2014a). Education at a glance 2014: OECD indicators. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2014b). OECD family database. Retrieved October 29, 2014, from https://www.oecd.org/els/family/database.htm
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2017, April 21). OECD employment database. Labor force statistics. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Pitt-Catsouphes, M., Kossek, E. E., & Sweet, S. (Eds.). (2006). The work and family handbook: Multi-disciplinary perspectives and approaches. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Polachek, S. (1981). Occupational self-selection: A human capital approach to sex differences in occupational structure. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 63, 60–69. doi: 10.2307/1924218
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polavieja, J. G. (2008). The effect of occupational sex-composition on earnings: Job-specialization, sex-role attitudes and the division of domestic labour in Spain. European Sociological Review, 24(2), 199–213. doi: 10.1093/esr/jcm043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe, R., & Snizek, W. E. (1995). Gender differences in work values: Perpetuating the myth. Work and Occupations, 22(2), 215–229. doi: 10.1177/0730888495022002005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruppanner, L., & Huffman, M. L. (2014). Blurred boundaries: Gender and work-family interference in cross-national context. Work and Occupations, 41, 210–236. doi: 10.1177/0730888413500679
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sainsbury, D. (1999). Gender and welfare state regimes. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Saraceno, C. (1997). Family change, family policies and the restructuring of welfare (OECD. Family Market and Community: Equity and Efficiency in Social Policy. Social Policy Studies No. 21). Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Schieman, S., & Young, M. (2010). Is there a downside to schedule control for the work-family interface? Journal of Family Issues, 31(10), 1391–1414. doi: 10.1177/0192513X10361866
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skinner, N., & Pocock, B. (2008). Work-life conflict: Is work time or work overload more important? Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 46(3), 303–315. doi: 10.1177/1038411108095761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stier, H., Lewin-Epstein, N., & Braun, M. (2012). Work-family conflict in comparative perspective: The role of social policies. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 30(3), 265–279. doi: 10.1016/j.rssm.2012.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strandh, M., & Nordenmark, M. (2006). The interference of paid work with household demands in different social policy contexts: Perceived work-household conflict in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. The British Journal of Sociology, 57(4), 597–617. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-4446.2006.00127.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Straub, C. (2007). A comparative analysis of the use of work-life balance practices in Europe: Do practices enhance females career advancement? Women in Management Review, 22(4), 289–304. doi: 10.1108/09649420710754246
   Google Scholar
• Thévenon, O. (2011). Family policies in OECD countries: A comparative analysis. Population and Development Review, 37(1), 57–87. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00390.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Doef, M., & Maes, S. (1999). The job demand-control (-support) model and psychological well-being: A review of 20 years of empirical research. Work and Stress, 13, 87–114. doi: 10.1080/026783799296084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar