The effect of knowledge and ignorance assessments on perceived risk

References

• Allwood, C. M., and P. A. Granhag. 1996. “Considering the Knowledge You Have: Effects on Realism in Confidence Judgements.” European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 8: 235–256.10.1080/095414496383077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baird, B. N. R. 1986. “Tolerance for Environmental Health Risks: The Influence of Knowledge, Benefits, Voluntariness, and Environmental Attitudes.” Risk Analysis 6: 425–435.10.1111/risk.1986.6.issue-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blais, A.-R., and E. U. Weber. 2006. “A Domain-Specific Risk-Taking (DOSPERT) Scale for Adult Populations.” Judgment and Decision Making 1: 33–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buehler, R., D. Griffin, and M. Ross. 2002. “Inside the Planning Fallacy: The Causes and Consequences of Optimistic Time Predictions.” In Intuitive Judgment: Heuristics and Biases, edited by T. Gilovich, D. Griffin, and D. Kahneman, 250–270. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511808098
   Google Scholar
• Byrnes, J., D. Miller, and W. Schafer. 1999. “Gender Differences in Risk- Taking: A Meta-Analysis.” Psychological Bulletin 125: 367–383.10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ericsson, K. A., and H. A. Simon. 1980. “Verbal Reports as Data.” Psychological Review 87: 215–251.10.1037/0033-295X.87.3.215
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faber, M., R. Manstetten, and J. L. R. Proops. 1992. “Humankind and the Environment: An Anatomy of Surprise and Ignorance.” Environmental Values 1: 217–241.10.3197/096327192776680089
   Google Scholar
• Finucane, M. L., P. Slovic, C. K. Mertz, J. Flynn, and T. A. Satterfield. 2000. “Gender, Race, and Perceived Risk: The 'white Male' Effect.” Health, Risk & Society 2: 159–172.10.1080/713670162
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flynn, J., P. Slovic, and C. K. Mertz. 1994. “Gender, Race, and Perception of Environmental Health Risks.” Risk Analysis 14: 1101–1108.10.1111/risk.1994.14.issue-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, M. C., K. A. Ericsson, and R. Best. 2011. “Do Procedures for Verbal Reporting of Thinking Have to Be Reactive? A Meta-Analysis and Recommendations for Best Reporting Methods.” Psychological Bulletin 137: 316–344.10.1037/a0021663
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey, R., A. Pedroni, R. Mata, J. Rieskamp, and R. Hertwig. 2017. “Risk Preference Shares the Psychometric Structure of Major Psychological Traits.” Science Advances 3: e1701381.10.1126/sciadv.1701381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grasmück, D., and R. W. Scholz. 2005. “Risk Perception of Heavy Metal Soil Contamination by High-Exposed and Low-Exposed Inhabitants: The Role of Knowledge and Emotional Concerns.” Risk Analysis 25: 611–622.10.1111/risk.2005.25.issue-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin, D., and L. Brenner. 2004. “Perspectives on Probability Judgment Calibration.” In Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making, edited by D. J. Koehler and N. Harvey, 177–199. Oxford: Blackwell.10.1002/9780470752937
   Google Scholar
• Hansson, I., S. Buratti, and C. M. Allwood. 2017. “Experts’ and Novices’ Perception of Ignorance and Knowledge in Different Research Disciplines and Its Relation to Belief in Certainty of Knowledge.” Frontiers of Psychology 8: 377. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imai, H., K. Okumiya, E. Fukutomi, T. Wada, Y. Ishimoto, Y. Kimura, W. L. Chen, et al. 2015. “Association between risk perception, subjective knowledge, and depression in community-dwelling elderly people in Japan.” Psychiatry research 227: 27–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaccard, J., T. Dodge, and V. Guilamo-Ramos. 2005. “Metacognition, Risk Behavior, and Risk Outcomes: The Role of Perceived Intelligence and Perceived Knowledge.” Health Psychology 24: 161–170.10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.161
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan, N. 1965. “The ‘Asymmetry’ of ‘Liking’ and ‘Disliking’: A Phenomenon Meriting Further Reflection and Research.” Public Opinion Quarterly 29 (2): 315–322.10.1086/267327
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klerck, D., and J. C. Sweeney. 2007. “The Effect of Knowledge Types on Consumer-Perceived Risk and Adoption of Genetically Modified Foods.” Psychology & Marketing 24: 171–193.10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6793
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Linden, S. 2015. “The Social-Psychological Determinants of Climate Change Risk Perceptions: Towards a Comprehensive Model.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 41: 112–124.10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.11.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Linden, S. 2017. “Determinants and Measurement of Climate Change Risk Perception, Worry, and Concern.” In Oxford Encyclopedia of Climate Change Communication, edited by M. Nisbett, 1–53. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• March, J. G. 1997. “Understanding How Decisions Happen in Organizations.” In Organizational Decision Making, edited by Z. Shapira, 9–32. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McClelland, A. G. R., and F. Bolger. 1994. “The Calibration of Subjective Probability: Theories and Models 1980–94.” In Subjective Probability, edited by G. Wright and P. Ayton, 453–482. Oxford: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Nickerson, R. S. 1998. “Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises.” Review of General Psychology 2: 175–220. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175.
   Google Scholar
• Olofsson, A., and S. Rashid. 2011. “The White (Male) Effect and Risk Perception: Can Equality Make a Difference?” Risk Analysis 31: 1016–1032. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01566.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oppenheimer, D. M. 2008. “The Secret Life of Fluency.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 12: 237–241.10.1016/j.tics.2008.02.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parascandola, M. 2010. “Epistemic Risk: Empirical Science and the Fear of Being Wrong.” Law, Probability and Risk 9: 201–214. doi:10.1093/lpr/mgq005.
   Google Scholar
• Pittinsky, T. L., S. A. Rosenthal, and R. M. Montoya. 2011. “Liking is Not the opposite of Disliking: The Functional Separability of Positive and Negative Attitudes toward Minority Groups.” Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 17: 134–143.10.1037/a0023806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renn, O. 1998. “Three Decades of Risk Research: Accomplishments and New Challenges.” Journal of Risk Research 1: 49–71.10.1080/136698798377321
   Google Scholar
• Rescher, N. 2009. Ignorance (on the Wider Implications of Deficient Knowledge). Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.10.2307/j.ctt6wrb89
   Google Scholar
• Rivers, L., J. Arvai, and P. Slovic. 2010. “Beyond a Simple Case of Black and White: Searching for the White Male Effect in the African-American Community.” Risk Analysis 30: 65–77. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01313.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutkowski, E. M., and C. D. Connelly. 2011. “Obesity Risk Knowledge and Physical Activity in Families of Adolescents.” Journal of Pediatric Nursing 26: 51–57.10.1016/j.pedn.2009.12.069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahlin, N. E., and J. Persson. 1994. “Epistemic Risk: The Significance of Knowing What One Does Not Know.” In Future Risks and Risk Management, edited by B. Brehmer and N.-E. Sahlin, 37–62. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.10.1007/978-94-015-8388-6
   Google Scholar
• Schwarz, N., H. Bless, F. Strack, G. Klumpp, H. Rittenauer-Schatka, and A. Simons. 1991. “Ease of Retrieval as Information: Another Look at the Availability Heuristic.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 61: 195–202.10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.195
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjöberg, L. 2000. “Factors in Risk Perception.” Risk Analysis 20: 1–12.10.1111/risk.2000.20.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjöberg, L. 2001. “Limits of Knowledge and the Limited Importance of Trust.” Risk Analysis 21: 189–198.10.1111/risk.2001.21.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slovic, P. 2000. “Do Adolescent Smokers Know the Risks?” In The Perception of Risk, edited by P. Slovic, 364–371. London: Earthscan.
   Google Scholar
• Slovic, P., B. Fischhoff, and S. Lichtenstein. 1982. “Why Study Risk Perception?” Risk Analysis 2: 83–93.10.1111/risk.1982.2.issue-2
   Google Scholar
• Smithson, M. 1989. Ignorance and Uncertainty: Emerging Paradigms. New York: Springer-Verlag.10.1007/978-1-4612-3628-3
   Google Scholar
• Son, L. K., and N. Kornell. 2010. “The Virtues of Ignorance.” Behavioural Processes 83: 207–212. doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2009.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taleb, N. N. 2007. The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable. New York: Penguin.
   Google Scholar
• Weinstein, N. D. 1987. “Unrealistic Optimism about Susceptibility to Health Problems: Conclusions from a Community-Wide Sample.” Journal of Behavioral Medicine 10: 481–500.10.1007/BF00846146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, N. D. 1989. “Optimistic Biases about Personal Risks.” Science [0036-8075] 246 (4935): 1232–1233.
   Google Scholar
• Zhu, W., J. Wei, and D. Zhao. 2016. “Anti-Nuclear Behavioral Intentions: The Role of Perceived Knowledge, Information Processing and Risk Perception.” Energy Policy 88: 168–177.10.1016/j.enpol.2015.10.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar