References
- Akompab, Derick A., Peng Bi, Susan Williams, Janet Grant, Iain A. Walker, and Martha Augoustinos. 2013. “Heat Waves and Climate Change: Applying the Health Belief Model to Identify Predictors of Risk Perception and Adaptive Behaviours in Adelaide, Australia.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 10 (6): 2164–2184. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10062164.
- Bastié, André, and Marc Assens. 2017. “Happy Scribe.” Online automated transcription service. Happy Scribe. April 6, 2017. https://www.happyscribe.co/.
- Berkelaar, Michel, and others. 2015. LpSolve: Interface to “Lp_solve” to Solve Linear/Integer Programs (version 5.5). R. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lpSolve.
- Bernard, Susan M., and Michael A. McGeehin. 2004. “Municipal Heat Wave Response Plans.” American Journal of Public Health 94 (9): 1520–1522. doi:https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.94.9.1520.
- Borden, Kevin A., and Susan L. Cutter. 2008. “Spatial Patterns of Natural Hazards Mortality in the United States.” International Journal of Health Geographics 7: 64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-7-64.
- Bruine de Bruin, W., and A. Bostrom. 2013. “Assessing What to Address in Science Communication.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110 (Supplement_3): 14062–14068. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1212729110.
- CDC. 2018. “Extreme Heat|CDC.” May 21, 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/index.html.
- Davidson, Lee. 2018. “St. George Now Nation’s Fastest-Growing Metro Area, While Uintah County Skids to One of Country’s Worst Population Losses - The Salt Lake Tribune.” March 21, 2018. https://www.sltrib.com/news/2018/03/21/st-george-now-nations-fastest-growing-metro-area-while-energy-bust-uintah-county-skids-to-one-of-countrys-worst-population-losses/.
- DeMille, David. 2017. “Record Numbers Taking Vacation in Utah.” Newspaper. The Spectrum & Daily News. September 13, 2017. https://www.thespectrum.com/story/news/2017/09/13/tourists-finding-utah-record-numbers-outdoor-recreation-enthusiasm-pushes-tourism-spending-record-hi/661822001/.
- Demuth, Julie L., Rebecca E. Morss, Jeffrey K. Lazo, and Craig Trumbo. 2016. “The Effects of past Hurricane Experiences on Evacuation Intentions through Risk Perception and Efficacy Beliefs: A Mediation Analysis.” Weather, Climate, and Society 8 (4): 327–344. doi:https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-15-0074.1.
- Freelon, Deen. n.d. “ReCal2.” http://dfreelon.org/utils/recalfront/recal2/.
- Gamer, Matthias, Jim Lemon, and Ian Puspendra. 2012. Irr: Various Coefficients of Interrater Reliability and Agreement (version 0.84). R. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=irr.
- Grothmann, Torsten, and Anthony Patt. 2005. “Adaptive Capacity and Human Cognition: The Process of Individual Adaptation to Climate Change.” Global Environmental Change 15 (3): 199–213. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2005.01.002.
- Harlan, Sharon L., Gerardo Chowell, Shuo Yang, Diana B. Petitti, Emmanuel J. Morales Butler, Benjamin L. Ruddell, and Darren M. Ruddell. 2014. “Heat-Related Deaths in Hot Cities: Estimates of Human Tolerance to High Temperature Thresholds.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11 (3): 3304–3326. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110303304.
- Hawkins, Michelle D., Vankita Brown, and Jannie Ferrell. 2017. “Assessment of NOAA National Weather Service Methods to Warn for Extreme Heat Events.” Weather, Climate, and Society 9 (1): 5–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-15-0037.1.
- Herzmann, Daryl, and Iowa State University. n.d. “Iowa Environmental Mesonet: NWS Watch Warning Archive Download.” Accessed October 17, 2017. https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/request/gis/watchwarn.phtml.
- Howe, Peter D., Jennifer D. Marlon, Xinran Wang, and Anthony Leiserowitz. 2019. “Public Perceptions of the Health Risks of Extreme Heat across US States, Counties, and Neighborhoods.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (14): 6743–6748. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813145116.
- Jones, Bryan, Brian C. O’Neill, Larry McDaniel, Seth McGinnis, Linda O. Mearns, and Claudia Tebaldi. 2015. “Future Population Exposure to US Heat Extremes.” Nature Climate Change 5 (7): 652–655. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2631.
- Jonsson, A. C., and L. Lundgren. 2015. “Vulnerability and Adaptation to Heat in Cities: Perspectives and Perceptions of Local Adaptation Decision-Makers in Sweden.” Local Environment 20 (4): 442–458. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2014.896326.
- Kalkstein, Adam J., and Scott C. Sheridan. 2007. “The Social Impacts of the Heat-Health Watch/Warning System in Phoenix, Arizona: Assessing the Perceived Risk and Response of the Public.” International Journal of Biometeorology 52 (1): 43–55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-006-0073-4.
- Klinenberg, Eric. 2015. Heat Wave: A Social Autopsy of Disaster in Chicago. 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
- Krippendorff, K. 2004. “Reliability in Content Analysis: Some Common Misconceptions and Recommendations.” Human Communication Research 30 (3): 411–433. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00738.x.
- Kuras, Evan R., Molly B. Richardson, Miriam M. Calkins, Kristie L. Ebi, Jeremy J. Hess, Kristina W. Kintziger, Meredith A. Jagger, et al. 2017. “Opportunities and Challenges for Personal Heat Exposure Research.” Environmental Health Perspectives 125 (8): 085001. doi:https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP556.
- Lazrus, Heather, Rebecca E. Morss, Julie L. Demuth, Jeffrey K. Lazo, and Ann Bostrom. 2016. “"Know What to Do If You Encounter a Flash Flood": Mental Models Analysis for Improving Flash Flood Risk Communication and Public Decision Making.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 36 (2): 411–427. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12480.
- Leaver, Jennifer. 2017. “The State of Utah’s Travel and Tourism Industry 2017.” The University of Utah Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute, April 2017. https://gardner.utah.edu/wp-content/uploads/TravelandTourismRepFinal2017.pdf.
- Leaver, Jennifer. 2019. “The State of Utah’s Travel and Tourism Industry 2018.” The University of Utah Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute, November 2019. https://gardner.utah.edu/wp-content/uploads/Travel-and-Tourism-Report-Nov2019.pdf.
- LeClerc, Jared, and Susan Joslyn. 2015. “The Cry Wolf Effect and Weather-Related Decision Making.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 35 (3): 385–395. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12336.
- Lee, Hyunjung, Jutta Holst, and Helmut Mayer. 2013. “Modification of Human-Biometeorologically Significant Radiant Flux Densities by Shading as Local Method to Mitigate Heat Stress in Summer within Urban Street Canyons.” Advances in Meteorology 2013: 1–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/312572.
- Lee, Hyunjung, Helmut Mayer, and Liang Chen. 2016. “Contribution of Trees and Grasslands to the Mitigation of Human Heat Stress in a Residential District of Freiburg, Southwest Germany.” Landscape and Urban Planning 148 (Supplement C): 37–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.12.004.
- Lee, Jasen. 2017. “Report: Utah Tourism Growing at Record Levels.” DeseretNews.Com, May 10, 2017. https://www.deseretnews.com/article/865679687/Report-Utah-tourism-growing-at-record-levels.html.
- Lefevre, Carmen E., Wändi Bruine de Bruin, Andrea L. Taylor, Suraje Dessai, Sari Kovats, and Baruch Fischhoff. 2015. “Heat Protection Behaviors and Positive Affect about Heat during the 2013 Heat Wave in the United Kingdom.” Social Science & Medicine (1982) 128 (March): 282–289. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.01.029.
- Leiserowitz, Anthony, Edward Maibach, Seth Rosenthal, John Kotcher, Parrish Bergquist, Matthew T. Ballew, Matthew H. Goldberg, and Abel Gustafson. 2019. Climate Change in the American Mind: November 2019.” New Haven, CT: Yale University and George Mason University, Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/publications/climate-change-in-the-american-mind-november-2019/8/.
- Lindell, Michael K., and Ronald W. Perry. 2012. “The Protective Action Decision Model: Theoretical Modifications and Additional Evidence.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 32 (4): 616–632. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01647.x.
- Mishra, Sasmita, and Sanjoy Mazumdar. 2015. “Psychology of Disaster Preparedness.” Ecopsychology 7 (4): 211–223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/eco.2015.0006.
- Mishra, Sasmita, and Damodar Suar. 2007. “Do Lessons People Learn Determine Disaster Cognition and Preparedness?” Psychology and Developing Societies 19 (2): 143–159. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/097133360701900201.
- Morgan, M. Granger, Baruch Fischhoff, and Ann Bostrom. 2001. Risk Communication: A Mental Models Approach. Cambridge University Press. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com.dist.lib.usu.edu/lib/usu/detail.action?docID=217858.
- Morss, Rebecca E., Julie L. Demuth, Ann Bostrom, Jeffrey K. Lazo, and Heather Lazrus. 2015. “Flash Flood Risks and Warning Decisions: A Mental Models Study of Forecasters, Public Officials, and Media Broadcasters in Boulder, Colorado.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 35 (11): 2009–2028. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12403.
- National Park Service. n.d. “NPS Stats Report Viewer.” NPS Stats Reports. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://irma.nps.gov/Stats/SSRSReports/Park%20Specific%20Reports/Annual%20Park%20Recreation%20Visitation%20(1904%20-%20Last%20Calendar%20Year)?Park=ZION.
- National Research Council. 2013. Public Response to Alerts and Warnings Using Social Media: Report of a Workshop on Current Knowledge and Research Gaps.” Written. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=15853.
- Neuendorf, Kimberly A. 2002. The Content Analysis Guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
- NOAA. 2018. XmACIS2 (version 1.0.56). ACIS. Northeast Regional Climate Center. https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/.
- NWS. 2016. “Natural Hazards Statistics.” Government. Weather Fatalities 2016. 2016. http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/hazstats.shtml.
- NWS. n.d. “Experimental HeatRisk Forecast.” Government. Experimental NWS Potential Heat Risks. Accessed May 31, 2017. www.wrh.noaa.gov/wrh/heatrisk.
- Palm, Risa, and Michael E. Hodgson. 1992. After a California Earthquake: Attitude and Behavior Change. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Poumadère, Marc, Claire Mays, Sophie Le Mer, and Russell Blong. 2005. “The 2003 Heat Wave in France: Dangerous Climate Change Here and Now.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 25 (6): 1483–1494. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00694.x.
- Romero-Lankao, Patricia, J. B. Smith, N. S. Davidson, P. L. Diffenbaugh, P. Kinney, P. Kovacs, L. Villers Ruiz, et al. 2014. “North America.” In Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by V. R. Barros, C. B. Field, D. J. Dokken, M. D. Mastrandrea, K. J. Mach, T. E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, 1439–1498. Cambridge, United Kingdom; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- Sampson, Natalie R., Carina J. Gronlund, Miatta A. Buxton, Linda Catalano, Jalonne L. White-Newsome, Kathryn C. Conlon, Marie S. O’Neill, Sabrina McCormick, and Edith A. Parker. 2013. “Staying Cool in a Changing Climate: Reaching Vulnerable Populations during Heat Events.” Global Environmental Change: Human and Policy Dimensions 23 (2): 475–484. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.011.
- Scolobig, Anna, B. De Marchi, and M. Borga. 2012. “The Missing Link between Flood Risk Awareness and Preparedness: Findings from Case Studies in an Alpine Region.” Natural Hazards 63 (2): 499–520. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0161-1.
- Semenza, Jan C., Daniel J. Wilson, Jeremy Parra, Brian D. Bontempo, Melissa Hart, David J. Sailor, and Linda A. George. 2008. “Public Perception and Behavior Change in Relationship to Hot Weather and Air Pollution.” Environmental Research 107 (3): 401–411. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2008.03.005.
- Sharma, Upasna, and Anthony Patt. 2012. “Disaster Warning Response: The Effects of Different Types of Personal Experience.” Natural Hazards 60 (2): 409–423. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-011-0023-2.
- Sheridan, Scott C. 2007. “A Survey of Public Perception and Response to Heat Warnings across Four North American Cities: An Evaluation of Municipal Effectiveness.” International Journal of Biometeorology 52 (1): 3–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-006-0052-9.
- Siegrist, Michael, and Heinz Gutscher. 2008. “Natural Hazards and Motivation for Mitigation Behavior: People Cannot Predict the Affect Evoked by a Severe Flood.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 28 (3): 771–778. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01049.x.
- Silver, Amber, and Jean Andrey. 2014. “The Influence of Previous Disaster Experience and Sociodemographics on Protective Behaviors during Two Successive Tornado Events.” Weather, Climate, and Society 6 (1): 91–103. doi:https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00026.1.
- Slovic, Paul. 1987. “Perception of Risk.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 236 (4799): 280–285. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3563507.
- University of Utah. n.d. “Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute: Travel & Tourism.” Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute. Accessed June 22, 2018. http://gardner.utah.edu/economics/utah-travel-tourism/.
- US Census Bureau. 2016. “Population Estimates, July 1, 2016, (V2016).” July 1, 2016. //www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/49.
- Vose, R. S., D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, A. N. LeGrande, and M. F. Wehner. 2017. “Temperature Changes in the United States.” Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume 1. Washington, D.C., USA: U.S. Global Change Research Program. https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/6/.
- Wachinger, Gisela, Ortwin Renn, Chloe Begg, and Christian Kuhlicke. 2013. “The Risk Perception Paradox-Implications for Governance and Communication of Natural Hazards.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 33 (6): 1049–1065. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01942.x.
- Wei, Benyong, Guiwu Su, and Fenggui Liu. 2013. “Public Response to Earthquake Disaster: A Case Study in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.” Natural Hazards 69 (1): 441–458. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0710-2.
- Weinstein, Neil D. 1989. “Effects of Personal Experience on Self-Protective Behavior.” Psychological Bulletin 105 (1): 31–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.1.31.
- White-Newsome, Jalonne L., Brisa N. Sánchez, Edith A. Parker, J. Timothy Dvonch, Zhenzhen Zhang, and Marie S. O’Neill. 2011. “Assessing Heat-Adaptive Behaviors among Older, Urban-Dwelling Adults.” Maturitas 70 (1): 85–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.06.015.
- Wilhelmi, Olga V., and Mary H. Hayden. 2010. “Connecting People and Place: A New Framework for Reducing Urban Vulnerability to Extreme Heat.” Environmental Research Letters 5 (1): 014021. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/5/1/014021.
- Zaalberg, Ruud, Cees Midden, Anneloes Meijnders, and Teddy McCalley. 2009. “Prevention, Adaptation, and Threat Denial: Flooding Experiences in The Netherlands.” Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 29 (12): 1759–1778. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01316.x.
- Zografos, Christos, Isabelle Anguelovski, and Maria Grigorova. 2016. “When Exposure to Climate Change Is Not Enough: Exploring Heatwave Adaptive Capacity of a Multi-Ethnic, Low-Income Urban Community in Australia.” Urban Climate 17 (September): 248–265. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2016.06.003.