2,190
Views
44
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Two languages in the air: a cross-cultural comparison of preschool teachers’ reflections on their flexible bilingual practices

, , &
Pages 614-630 | Received 22 Feb 2016, Accepted 05 Apr 2016, Published online: 18 May 2016

References

  • Amara, M. H. 2002. “The Place of Arabic in Israel.” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 158: 53–68. doi:10.1515/ijsl.2002.051.
  • Arthur, J., and P. Martin. 2006. “Accomplishing Lessons in Postcolonial Classrooms: Comparative Perspectives from Botswana and Brunei Darussalam.” Comparative Education 42 (2): 177–202. doi:10.1080/03050060600628009.
  • Baker, C. 2009. “Becoming Bilingual through Bilingual Education.” In Handbook of Multilingualism and Multilingual Communication, edited by P. Auer and L. Wei, 131–152. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Bekerman, Z. 2005. “Complex Contexts and Ideologies: Bilingual Education in Conflict-Ridden Areas.” Journal of Language, Identity, and Education 4 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1207/s15327701jlie0401_1.
  • Bekerman, Z., and M. Tatar. 2009. “Parental Choice of Schools and Parents’ Perceptions of Multicultural and Co-existence Education: The Case of the Israeli Palestinian-Jewish Bilingual Primary Schools.” European Early Childhood Education Research Journal 17 (2): 171–185. doi:10.1080/13502930902951304.
  • Benson, C. 2004. “Do We Expect too much of Bilingual Teachers? Bilingual Teaching in Developing Countries.” International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 7 (2/3): 204–221. doi:10.1080/13670050408667809.
  • Boyd, S., and Å. Palviainen. 2015. “Building Walls or Bridges? A Language Ideological Debate About Bilingual Schools in Finland.” In Language Policies in Finland and Sweden. Interdisciplinary and Multi-sited Comparisons, edited by M. Halonen, P. Ihalainen, and T. Saarinen, 57–89. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2006. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3: 77–101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
  • Bruner, J. 1986. Actual Minds, Possible Worlds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Conteh, J. 2007. “Opening Doors to Success in Multilingual Classrooms: Bilingualism, Codeswitching and the Professional Identities of Ethnic Minority Primary Teachers.” Language and Education 21 (6): 457–472. doi:10.2167/le711.0.
  • Creese, A., and A. Blackledge. 2010. “Translanguaging in the Bilingual Classroom: A Pedagogy for Learning and Teaching?” The Modern Language Journal 94: 103–115. doi:10.111/j.1540-4781.2009.00986.x.
  • Creese, A., and A. Blackledge. 2011. “Separate and Flexible Bilingualism in Complementary Schools: Multiple Language Practices in Interrelationship.” Journal of Pragmatics 43: 1196–1208. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2010.10.006.
  • Cummins, J. 2005. “A Proposal for Action: Strategies for Recognizing Heritage Language Competence as a Learning Resource within the Mainstream Classroom.” The Modern Language Journal 89 (4): 585–592.
  • Cummins, J. 2014. “Rethinking Pedagogical Assumptions in Canadian French Immersion Programs.” Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 2 (1): 3–22. doi:10.1075/jicb.2.1.01cum.
  • García, O. 2009. Bilingual Education in the 21st Century. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • García, O. 2013. “From Diglossia to Transglossia: Bilingual and Multilingual Classrooms in the 21th Century.” In Bilingual and Multilingual Education in the 21th Century. Building on Experience, edited by C. Abello-Contesse, P. M. Chandler, M. D. López-Jiménez, and R. Chacón-Beltrán, 155–175. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • García, O., and L. Wei. 2014. Translanguaging. Language, Bilingualism and Education. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
  • Gass, M. S., and A. Mackey. 2000. Stimulated Recall Methodology in Second Language Research. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Genesee, F., and K. Lindholm-Leary. 2013. “Two Case Studies of Content-Based Language Education.” Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 1 (1): 3–33. doi:10.1075/jicb.1.1.02gen.
  • Genesee, F., J. Paradis, and M. B. Crago. 2011. Dual Language Development and Disorders: A Handbook on Bilingualism and Second Language Learning. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
  • Gort, M., and R. W. Pontier. 2013. “Exploring Bilingual Pedagogies in Dual Language Preschool Classrooms.” Language and Education 27 (3): 223–245. doi:10.1080/09500782.2012.697468.
  • Heller, M. 2007. “Bilingualism as Ideology and Practice.” In Bilingualism: A Social Approach, edited by M. Heller, 1–22. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Hickey, T. M., G. Jewish, and C. Baker. 2014. “How Deep Is Your Immersion? Policy and Practice in Welsh-Medium Preschools with Children from Different Language Backgrounds.” International Journal of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education 17 (2): 215–234. doi:10.1080/13670050.2013.866629.
  • Holland, D., W. Lachicotte Jr., D. Skinner, and C. Cain. 1998. Identity and Agency in Cultural Worlds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Hult, F. M., and S. Pietikäinen. 2014. “Shaping Discourses of Multilingualism through a Language Ideological Debate: The Case of Swedish in Finland.” Journal of Language and Politics 13 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1075/jlp.13.1.01hul.
  • Lähteenmäki, M., and S. Pöyhönen. 2015. “Language Rights of the Russian-Speaking Minority in Finland: Multi-sited Historical Arguments and Language Ideologies.” In Language Policies in Finland and Sweden. Interdisciplinary and Multi-sited Comparisons, edited by M. Halonen, P. Ihalainen, and T. Saarinen, 90–115. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Lemberger, N. 1997. Bilingual Education: Teachers’ Narratives. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Lewis, G., B. Jones, and C. Baker. 2012. “Translanguaging: Developing Its Conceptualisation and Contextualisation.” Educational Research and Evaluation: An International Journal on Theory and Practice 18 (7): 655–670. doi:10.1080/13803611.2012.718490.
  • Lindgren, A.-R., K. Lindgren, and M. Saari. 2011. “From Swedish to Finnish in the 19th Century: A Historical Case of Emancipatory Language Shift.” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 209: 17–34. doi:10.1515/ijsl.2011.019.
  • Macaro, E. 2006. “Code-switching in the L2 Classroom: A Communication and Learning Strategy.” In Non-native Language Teachers: Perceptions, Challenges and Contributions to the Profession, edited by E. Llurda, 63–84. New York: Springer.
  • Maybin, J., and K. Tusting. 2011. “Linguistic Ethnography.” In Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics, edited by J. Simpson, 515–528. London: Routledge.
  • Mehistö, P., D. Marsh, and M. J. Frigols. 2008. Uncovering CLIL. Content and Language Integrated Learning in Bilingual and Multilingual Education. Oxford: Macmillan.
  • Menken, K., and O. García, eds. 2010. Negotiating Language Policies in Schools: Educators as Policymakers. London: Routledge.
  • Montague, N. S. 1997. “Critical Components for Dual Language Programs.” Bilingual Research Journal 21 (4): 409–417. doi:10.1080/15235882.1997.10162713.
  • Palviainen, Å., and K. Mård-Miettinen. 2015. “Creating a Bilingual Pre-school Classroom: The Multilayered Discourses of a Bilingual Teacher.” Language and Education 29 (5): 381–399. doi:10.1080/09500782.2015.1009092.
  • Pavlenko, A. 2004. “‘Stop Doing that, ia komu skazala!’: Emotions and Language Choice in Bilingual Families.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 25 (2–3): 179–203. doi:10.1080/01434630408666528.
  • Rampton, B., K. Tusting, J. Maybin, R. Barwell, A. Creese, and V. Lytra. 2004. “Linguistic Ethnography: A Discussion Paper.” Accessed October 6, 2014. http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/fss/organisations/lingethn/documents/discussion_paper_jan_05.pdf.
  • Ricento, T., and N. H. Hornberger. 1996. “Unpeeling the Onion: Language Planning and Policy and the ELT Professional.” TESOL Quarterly 30 (3): 401–427. doi:10.2307/3587691.
  • Shohamy, E. 2010. “Cases of Language Policy Resistance in Israel’s Centralized Educational System.” In Negotiating Language Policies in Schools: Educators as Policymakers, edited by K. Menken and O. García, 182–197. New York: Routledge.
  • Snow, C. 1972. “Mothers’ Speech to Children Language Learning.” Child Development 43: 549–565. doi: 10.2307/1127555
  • “Statistics of Finland.” 2014. Accessed November 24, 2015. http://tilastokeskus.fi/tup/suoluk/suoluk_vaesto_en.html.
  • Swain, M., and S. Lapkin. 2013. “A Vygotskian Sociocultural Perspective on Immersion Education: The L1/L2 Debate.” Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 1 (1): 101–129. doi:10.1075/jicb.1.1.05swa.
  • Van der Walt, C., R. Mabule, and J. J. De Beer. 2001. “Letting the L1 in by the Back Door: Code Switching and Translation in Science, Mathematics and Biology Classes.” Journal of Language Teaching 35 (2–3): 123–134.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. 1978. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. 1987. “Thinking and Speech.” In The Collected Works of L.S. Vygotsky, Vol 1, Problems of General Psychology, edited by R. W. Rieber and A. S. Carton, 39–285. New York: Plenum Press.
  • Weber, J.-J. 2014. Flexible Multilingual Education. Putting Children’s Needs First. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.