738
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The links between structural and social marginalisation – social relations of young Finnish adults not in employment or education

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 1347-1365 | Received 06 Nov 2018, Accepted 01 Oct 2019, Published online: 14 Oct 2019

References

  • Aaltonen, S., and A. Kivijärvi. 2018. “Disrupting Professional Practices with Research-Driven Intervention. Researcher–Gatekeeper Negotiations in the Context of Targeted Youth Services.” Qualitative Social Work 18 (4): 621–637. doi:10.1177/1473325018757080.
  • Allan, G. 1998. “Friendship, Sociology and Social Structure.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 15 (5): 685–702. doi:10.1177/0265407598155007.
  • Bergqvist, T. 2016. “The Everyday Life of Young Long-Term Unemployed in Sweden: Coping with Limited Participation and Feelings of Inferiority.” In Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: Youth on the Edge, edited by C. Lahusen, and M. Giugni, 107–138. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Bynner, J., and S. Parsons. 2002. “Social Exclusion and the Transition From School to Work: The Case of Young People Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET).” Journal of Vocational Behavior 60 (2): 289–309. doi:10.1006/jvbe.2001.1868.
  • Chabanet, D., M. Cinalli, and D. Richard. 2016. “Youth Long-Term Unemployment in France: Challenging Common Trends.” In Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: Youth on the Edge, edited by C. Lahusen, and M. Giugni, 17–38. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Chambers, D. 2006. New Social Ties: Contemporary Connections in a Fragmented Society. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Coffey, A., and P. Atkinson. 1996. Making Sense of Qualitative Data. Complementary Research Strategies. London: Sage.
  • Cotterell, J. 1996. Social Networks and Social Influences in Adolescence. London: Routledge.
  • Crosnoe, R. 2000. “Friendships in Childhood and Adolescence: The Life Course and New Directions.” Social Psychology Quarterly 63 (4): 377–391. doi:10.2307/2695847.
  • Damelang, A., and G. Kloß. 2013. “Poverty and the Social Participation of Young People – an Analysis of Poverty-Related Withdrawal Mechanisms.” Journal for Labour Market Research 46 (4): 321–333. doi:10.1007/s12651-013-0148-8.
  • Dieckhoff, M., and V. Gash. 2015. “Unemployed and Alone? Unemployment and Social Participation in Europe.” The International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 35 (1/2): 67–90. doi:10.1108/IJSSP-01-2014-0002.
  • Emler, N., and S. McNamara. 1996. “The Social Contact Patterns of Young People: Effects of Participation in the Social Institutions of Family, Education and Work.” In Youth and Life Management: Research Perspectives, edited by H. Helve and J. Bynner, 121–139. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press.
  • Furlong, A., and F. Cartmel. 2007. Young People and Social Change: New Perspectives. Maidenhead, UK: McGraw-Hill/Open University Press.
  • Gallie, D., S. Paugam, and S. Jacobs. 2003. “Unemployment, Poverty and Social Isolation: Is There a Vicious Circle of Social Exclusion?” European Societies 5 (1): 1–32. doi:10.1080/1461669032000057668.
  • Goffman, E. 1963. Stigma: Notes on a Spoiled Identity. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
  • Granovetter, M. S. 1977. “The Strength of Weak Ties.” In Social Networks, edited by S. Leinhardt, 347–367. London: Academic Press.
  • Gretschel, A., and S. Myllyniemi. 2017. “Työtä, koulutus- tai harjoittelupaikkaa ilman olevien nuorten käsityksiä tulevaisuudesta, demokratiasta ja julkisista palveluista.” [Young people not in work, education or apprenticeships and their understanding of the future, democracy and public services]. Nuorisobarometrin erillisnäyte/aineistonkeruu.
  • Grimmer, B. 2016. “Being Long-Term Unemployed in Germany: Social Contacts, Finances and Stigma.” In Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: Youth on the Edge, edited by C. Lahusen, and M. Giugni, 39–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Hall-Lande, J. A., M. E. Eisenberg, S. L. Christenson, and D. Neumark-Sztainer. 2007. “Social Isolation, Psychological Health, and Protective Factors in Adolescence.” Adolescence 42 (166): 265–286.
  • Hammer, T. 2003. “Introduction.” In Youth Unemployment and Social Exclusion in Europe: A Comparative Study, edited by T. Hammer. Bristol: Policy Press.
  • Hammer, T., and I. Julkunen. 2003. “Surviving Unemployment: a Question of Money or Families.” In Youth Unemployment and Social Exclusion in Europe: A Comparative Study, edited by T. Hammer, 135–154. Bristol: Policy Press.
  • Heikkinen, M. 2000. “Social Networks of the Marginal Young: A Study of Young People’s Social Exclusion in Finland.” Journal of Youth Studies 3 (4): 389–406. doi:10.1080/713684387.
  • Husu, H. M., and V. Välimäki. 2017. “Staying Inside: Social Withdrawal of the Young, Finnish ‘Hikikomori’.” Journal of Youth Studies 20 (5): 605–621. doi:10.1080/13676261.2016.1254167.
  • Illouz, E. 2008. Saving the Modern Soul: Therapy, Emotions, and the Culture of Self-Help. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Julkunen, I. 2002. “Social and Material Deprivation among Unemployed Youth in Northern Europe.” Social Policy & Administration 36 (3): 235–253. doi:10.1111/1467-9515.00249.
  • Kieselbach, T. 2003. “Long-Term Unemployment among Young People: The Risk of Social Exclusion.” American Journal of Community Psychology 32 (1–2): 69–76. doi:10.1023/A:1025694823396.
  • Kivijärvi, A. 2014. “Interethnic Affiliations and Everyday Demarcations of Youth in Finland: Empirical Glances through Multisited Interviews and Observations.” Young 22 (1): 67–85. doi:10.1177/1103308813512928.
  • Kivijärvi, A., S. Aaltonen, L. Forma, J. Partanen, M. Myllylä, and P. Rissanen. 2019. “Quality of Life Among Young Finnish Adults not in Employment or Education.” Applied Research in Quality of Life. doi:10.1007/s11482-018-9687-z.
  • Kunze, L., and N. Suppa. 2017. “Bowling Alone or Bowling at All? The Effect of Unemployment on Social Participation.” Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 133: 213–235. doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2016.11.012.
  • Lagus, K., and T. Honkela. 2016. “Yksinäisyys Mielen Rakenteissa. [Loneliness in the Structures of the Mind].” In Yksinäisten Suomi, edited by J. Saari, 273–295. Helsinki: Gaudeamus.
  • Lahusen, C., and M. Giugni. 2016. “Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: An Introduction.” In Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: Youth on the Edge, edited by C. Lahusen, and M. Giugni, 1–16. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Levitas, R. 1996. “The Concept of Social Exclusion and the New Durkheimian Hegemony.” Critical Social Policy 16 (46): 5–20. doi:10.1177/026101839601604601.
  • Luhmann, M., and L. C. Hawkley. 2016. “Age Differences in Loneliness From Late Adolescence to Oldest Old Age.” Developmental Psychology 52 (6): 943–959. doi: 10.1037/dev0000117
  • MacDonald, R., and T. Shildrick. 2007. “Street Corner Society: Leisure Careers, Youth (Sub)Culture and Social Exclusion.” Leisure Studies 26 (3): 339–355. doi:10.1080/02614360600834826.
  • Masi, C. M., H.-Y. Chen, L. C. Hawkley, and J. T. Cacioppo. 2011. “A Meta-Analysis of Interventions to Reduce Loneliness.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 15 (3): 219–266. doi:10.1177/1088868310377394.
  • Miller, J., L. McAuliffe, N. Riaz, and R. Deuchar. 2015. “Exploring Youths’ Perceptions of the Hidden Practice of Youth Work in Increasing Social Capital with Young People Considered NEET in Scotland.” Journal of Youth Studies 18 (4): 468–484. doi:10.1080/13676261.2014.992311.
  • Milner, A., L. Krnjacki, P. Butterworth, and A. D. LaMontagne. 2016. “The Role of Social Support in Protecting Mental Health When Employed and Unemployed: A Longitudinal Fixed-Effects Analysis Using 12 Annual Waves of the HILDA Cohort.” Social Science & Medicine 153: 20–26. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.01.050.
  • Moisio, P., and T. Rämö. 2007. “Koettu Yksinäisyys Demografisten ja Sosioekonomisten Taustatekijöiden Mukaan Suomessa Vuosina 1994 ja 2006.” [Experienced Loneliness According to Demographic and Socioeconomic Background Factors in Finland in 1994 and 2006].” Yhteiskuntapolitiikka 72 (4): 392–401. Helsinki: Stakes.
  • Monticelli, L., S. Baglioni, and M. Bassoli. 2016. “Youth Long-Term Unemployment and Its Social Consequences in Italy: ‘In a World That Does Not Belong to Me.’.” In Experiencing Long-Term Unemployment in Europe: Youth on the Edge, edited by C. Lahusen, and M. Giugni, 139–169. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Myllyniemi, S. 2012. “Tilasto-osio. [Quantitative Results].” In Monipolvinen Hyvinvointi. Nuorisobarometri 2012 [Intergenerational Wellbeing. Youth Barometer 2012], edited by S. Myllyniemi, 13–126. Helsinki: Ministry of Education and Culture, Youth Research Society & State Youth Council.
  • Myllyniemi, S., and T. Kiilakoski. 2017. “Tilasto-osio. [Quantitative Results].” In Opin Polut ja Pientareet. Nuorisobarometri 2017 [Roads to Learning. Youth Barometer 2017], edited by E. Pekkarinen, and S. Myllyniemi, 9–117. Helsinki: Ministry of Education and Culture, Youth Research Society & State Youth Council.
  • Peplau, L. A., and D. Perlman. 1982. “Perspectives on Loneliness.” In Loneliness: A Sourcebook of Current Theory, Research and Therapy, edited by L. A. Peplau, and D. Perlman, 1–20. New York: Wiley.
  • Popp, S., and B. Schels. 2008. “‘Do You Feel Excluded?’ The Subjective Experience of Young State Benefit Recipients in Germany.” Journal of Youth Studies 11 (2): 165–191. doi:10.1080/13676260701851111.
  • Rantakeisu, U., B. Starrin, and C. Hagquist. 1999. “Financial Hardship and Shame: A Tentative Model to Understand the Social and Health Effects of Unemployment.” British Journal of Social Work 29 (6): 877–901. doi:10.1093/bjsw/29.6.877.
  • Rönkä, A. R. 2017. Experiences of loneliness from childhood to young adulthood. Study of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Academic Dissertation, Acta Universitatis Ouluensis, University of Oulu.
  • Russell, D. 1996. “UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure.” Journal of Personality Assessment 66 (1): 20–40. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2.
  • Scheff, T. 2015. “Toward Defining Basic Emotions.” Qualitative Inquiry 21 (2): 111–121. doi: 10.1177/1077800414550462
  • Silva, J. M. 2012. “Constructing Adulthood in an Age of Uncertainty.” American Sociological Review 77 (4): 505–522. doi:10.1177/0003122412449014.
  • Silva, J. M. 2013. Coming up Short: Working-Class Adulthood in an Age of Uncertainty. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Weiss, R. S. 1973. Loneliness: The Experience of Emotional and Social Isolation. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.