- Bridges , Stephen Lucas . 1988 . Uttermost Part of the Earth. Indians of Tierra del Fuego , New York : Dover .
- Darwin , Charles . 1913 . The Voyage of the Beagle , Edited by: Selsam , Milicent E. 149 Kingswood : The World's Work Ltd .
- Clifford , James . 1986 . “ 'On ethnographic allegory' ” . In Writing Culture. The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography. Experiments in Contemporary Anthropology , Edited by: Clifford , James and Marcus , George . 112 Berkeley : University of California Press .
- Enloe , Cynthia . 1990 . Bananas. Beaches and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics , 41 Berkeley : University of California Press .
- Crick , Malcolm . 1991 . 'Tourists, locals and anthropologists: quizzical reflections on "Otherness" in tourist encounters and tourist research' . Australian Cultural History , 10 : 10 These are some of the reasons why the Ecumenical Coalition on Third World Tourism characterised the international tourist industry, back in 1984, as 'a violation of human rights'.
- Turner , Victor . 1974 . “ 'Pilgrimages as social processes' ” . In Dramas, Fields, Metaphors , 166 – 231 . Ithaca : Cornell University Press .
- Pearson , Michael . 1991 . 'Travellers, journeys, tourists, the meanings of journeys' . Australian Cultural History , 10 : 125 – 133 . For one such application of Turner to travel, see
- Marcus , Julie . 1988 . “ 'The journey out to the centre. The cultural appropriation of Ayers Rock' ” . In Aboriginal Culture Today , Edited by: Rutherford , Anna . 254 – 274 . Sydney : Dangaroo Press .
- Marcus . “ 'The journey out to the centre' ” . 268
- Taussing , Michael . 1987 . Turner in Shamanism, Colonialism and the Wild Man, A Study in Terror and Healing , 442 Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
- Foucault , Michel . 1978 . The History of Sexuality, Vol. 1, An Introduction , Vol. 1 , 95 London : Penguin . 'resistance is never in a position of exteriority in relation to power'
- Marcus . “ 'The journey out to the centre' ” . 254
- Foucault . The History of Sexuality 69
- Ibid, p 32.
- Foucault , Michel . 1984 . “ 'Truth and power' ” . In The Foucault Reader: An Introduction to Foucault's Thought , Edited by: Rabinow , Paul . 75 London : Penguin . 'The political question … is not error, illusion, alienated consciousness, or ideology; it is the truth itself
- Foucault . The History of Sexuality 59 on the genealogy of the confessional: 'Western man has become a confessing animal'
- MacDonald , A M , ed. 1961 . Chamber's Etymological English Dictionary , 173 Edinburgh : W. W. Chambers . The etymology passes from the Latin discurrere, 'to run about, to run away', through the French discours to the archaic English meaning of 'a treatise, a speech, a sermon'.
- Foucault . “ 'Truth and power' ” . 74 – 75 .
- Samagalski , Alan . 1987 . Chile and Easter Island: A Travel Survival Kit , 235 Melbourne : Lonely Planet .
- Ibid, p 235.
- The 'travellers' bible' is the ironic phrase used to describe the Travel Survival Kit: Israel, in COLORS: A Magazine about the Rest of the World/Una Revista sobre el Resta del Mundo 8: Religion, September, 1994, p 118.
- Chatwin , Bruce . 1977 . In Patagonia , 77 London : Picador . The Virgin of Lujan is, as Chatwin explains elsewhere, the 'patron of travellers', p 50
- Iyer , Pico . 1993 . Falling off the Map: Some Lonely Places of the World , 35 – 59 . London : Johnathan Cape . There has been a great boom in such travel literature in recent years. For a recent account of a Tierra del Fuegian trip, instancing, with less skill, many of the features I here note in Chatwin's work, see
- Bryson , Bill . 1996 . Neither Here nor There , London : Picador . '[N]ot surprisingly' notes Iyer, Ushuaia 'looks like a mirror image of Isafjördhur or the other eerily silent Icelandic fishing towns around the arctic circle', p 56., derives much of its humour from his pointless 'just to say I've been there' trip to this northern town. Poles apart, both Ushuaia and Isafjördhur reveal the potential self-absence of a travelling culture that is scarcely serious about what it might find at the end(s) of the world
- Pagden , Anthony . 1993 . European Encounters with the New World, from Renaissance to Romanticism , 51 – 87 . New Haven : Yale University Press . On the 'I-witness' see
- Chatwin . In Patagonia 182
- Ibid, p 83.
- Chatwin , Bruce . 1989 . What am I Doing Here , London : Johnathan Cape .
- Barthes , Roland . 1977 . “ The death of the author' ” . In Image-Music-Text , 147 London : Fontana Press .
- Chatwin . In Patagonia 35
- Bridges , Reverend Thomas . 1987 . Yamana-English Dictionary , Edited by: Hestermann , Ferdinand and Gusinde , Martin . 24 Buenos Aires : Zagier & Urruty Publicaciones . Ibid, p 130. This is a fun game. Compare the entry I found in the Dictionary: 'anemakuna a. Restless in disposition. Restless, not staying still, or at home, given to wandering about from idle curiosity or sinful pleasure. Wanton, dissatisfied, lewd'.
- Michaels , Eric . 1994 . “ 'Para-ethnography' ” . In Bad Aboriginal Art. Tradition. Media and Technological Horizons , 174 St Leonards : Alien and Unwin . In this article Michaels reviews Chatwin's The Songlines
- Sloterdijk , Peter . 1987 . The Critique of Cynical Reason , Minneapolis : University of Minesota Press .
- Ibid, p 3.
- Zizek , Slavoj . 1989 . “ 'How did Marx invent the symptom' ” . In The Sublime Object of Ideology , 29 London : Verso .
- Marx , Karl . 1974 . Capital, a Critique of Political Economy , Vol. 1 , 47 London : Dent . They do not know that they are doing this, but they are doing it'
- Giroux , Henry A. 1993-1994 . 'Consuming social change: the "United Colors of Benetton"' . Cultural Critique , Winter : 5 – 31 . For one of the better analyses of the controversy, which I regard as a debate without merit, see
- Toscani , Oliver , ed. 1993 . What does Aids have to do with Sweaters? A Hundred Love-Hate Letters on Benetton Advertising , Rome : Arnoldo Mondadori . Benetton jumps at the chance to 'defend' its work in Ingrid Sischy, 'Advertising taboos, talking with Luciano Benetton and Oliviero Toscani', Interview, April, 1992, pp 68-71. Such 'defences' have their own staginess. Critique does not harm these people. The very controversy over their techniques is grist to the mill (or rather, wool to the sweater). See, if necessary, the book Benetton published to showcase (!) these critics:
- Giroux . “ 'Consuming social change' ” . 5 – 20 . For a short analysis, see
- 1994 . COLORS 9: Shopping , November/December
- Ibid, pp 69, 79, 31.
- COLORS 8: Religion, p 116.
- Ibid, p 30.
- COLORS 9: Shopping, pp 29, 65, 98.
- COLORS 8: Religion, p 120.
- Zizek . “ 'How did Marx invent the symptom' ” . 29 – 35 . Andreas Huyssen's foreword to Critique of Cynical Reasons, pp x-xix, for a critical appraisal of the work. See also
- Chatwin . In Patagonia 184 43 Ibid, p 28
- Ibid, p 28.
- McClosky , Donald . 1985 . The Rhetoric of Economics , 30 76 Wisconsin : The University of Wisconisn Press .
- Lévi-Strauss , Claude . 1976 . Tristes Tropiques , London : Penguin .
- Ibid, pp 443-444.
- Levi-Strauss was, mind, no stranger to the pleasure of such incongruities. James Clifford describes him in war-time New York, in company with André Breton, Max Ernst and other exiled surrealists, as they search the city's various antique stores for objet trouvé 'survivals' of primitivist artwork. 'New York was perhaps Levi-Strauss' only true "fieldwork" ', Clifford comments, cattily casting a bit of 'the rhetoric of presence' back at the legendary pre-poststructuralist. The Predicament of Culture. Twentieth-Century Ethnography. Literature and Art, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1988, p 245. Lévi-Strauss himself wrote of a surreal experience he had at this time in the New York public library: 'under its neo-classical arches and between walls pannelled with old oak, I sat near an Indian in a feather headdress and a bearded buckskin jacket-who was taking notes with a Parker pen', p 237.
- Bastion , Adolf . 1983 . “ The Waning of primitive societies' ” . In Adolf Bastion and the Psychic Unity of Mankind: the Foundations of Anthropology in Nineteenth Century Germany , Edited by: Koepping , Klaus Peter . 215 – 219 . St Lucia, QId : University of Queensland Press . On 'salvage ethnography' see Clifford, 'On ethnographic allegory', p 112. For the locus classicus of the anthropological salvage mission, see
- Spencer , Sir Baldwin . 1928 . Wanderings in Wild Australia , London : Macmillan .
- Marrett , R R and Spencer , Sir Baldwin . 1931 . Spencer's Last Journey, Being the Journal of an Expedition to Tierra del Fuego by the Late Sir Baldwin Spencer, With a Memoir , Edited by: Marrett , R R , Penniman , T K , Frazer , Sir James and Balfour , H . 52 Oxford : Clarendon Press .
- Ibid, p 52.
- 1973 . “ 'Theses on the philosophy of history' ” . In Illuminations , 252 London : Fontana . Walter Benjamin, attacking Ranke's wie es eigentlich gewesen conception of history, in the
- Benjamin , Walter . 1983-1984 . 'Konvolut N [Theoretics of Knowledge; Theory of Progress]' . The Philosophical Forum , 15 (1-2) Fall/Winter : 5
- 1992 . 'Finding an appropriate beginning for a history of the Tola! Colonial Past: or, starting from trash' . Canberra Anthropology , 15 (1) : 1 – 19 . I am indebted to Klaus Neumann, both for this reference, and an introduction to the ideas within: see his
Postcolonial Studies
Volume 2, 1999 - Issue 3