Publication Cover
Culture, Health & Sexuality
An International Journal for Research, Intervention and Care
Volume 14, 2012 - Issue 2
6,176
Views
187
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Occupational stigma as a primary barrier to health care for street-based sex workers in Canada

, , , , &
Pages 139-150 | Received 12 Mar 2011, Accepted 27 Sep 2011, Published online: 15 Nov 2011

References

  • Allin , S. 2006 . Equity in the use of health services in Canada and its provinces , London : The London School of Economics and Political Science .
  • Aitken , C. , Moore , D. , Higgs , P. , Kelsall , J. and Kerger , M. 2002 . The impact of a police crackdown on a street drug scene: Evidence from the street . International Journal of Drug Policy , 13 : 189 – 98 .
  • Benoit , C. , Carroll , D. and Chaudhry , M. 2003 . In search of a healing place: Aboriginal women in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside . Social Science & Medicine , 56 : 821 – 33 .
  • Benoit , C. , Jansson , M. , Millar , A. and Phillips , R. 2005 . Community-academic research on hard-to-reach populations: Benefits and challenges . Qualitative Health Research , 15 ( 2 ) : 263 – 82 .
  • Blakenship , K.M. , Friedman , S.R. , Dworkin , S. and Mantell , J.E. 2006 . Structural interventions: Concepts, challenges and opportunities for research . Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine , 83 ( 1 ) : 59 – 72 .
  • Cohan , D. , Lutnick , A. , Davidson , P. , Cloniger , C. , Herlyn , A. , Breyer , J. , Cobaugh , C. , Wilson , D. and Klausner , J. 2006 . Sex worker health: San Francisco style . Sexually Transmitted Infections , 82 : 418 – 22 .
  • Day , S. and Ward , H. 1997 . Sex workers and the control of sexually transmitted disease . Genitourinary Medecine , 73 : 161 – 8 .
  • Day , S. and Ward , H. 2007 . British policy makes sex workers vulnerable . British Medical Journal , 334 : 187
  • Doorninck, M., and Jacqueline. 1998. Legalising the palaces of sweet sin: Developing new perspectives in managing the sex industry in the Netherlands, Paper presented at the Sex Work Reassessed Conference, University of East London
  • Ghose , T. , Swendeman , D. , George , S. and Chowdhury , D. 2008 . Mobilizing collective identity to reduce HIV risk among sex workers in Sonagachi, India: The boundaries, consciousness, negotiation framework . Social Science & Medicine , 67 : 311 – 20 .
  • Goffman , I. 1963 . Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Goodyear , M.D. and Cusick , L. 2007 . Protection of sex workers . British Medical Journal , 334 : 52 – 3 .
  • Groves , J. , Newton , D.C. , Chen , M.Y. , Hocking , J. , Bradshaw , C.S. and Fairley , C.K. 2008 . Sex workers working within a legalised industry: Their side of the story . Sexually Transmitted Infections , 84 : 393 – 4 .
  • Halli , S.S. , Ramesh , B.M. , O'Neil , J. , Moses , S. and Blanchard , J.F. 2006 . The role of collectives in STI and HIV/AIDS prevention among female sex workers in Karnataka, India . AIDS Care , 18 ( 7 ) : 739 – 49 .
  • Hallgrimsdottir , H.K. , Phillips , R. , Benoit , C. and Walby , K. 2008 . Sporting girls, streetwalkers, and inmates of houses of ill repute: Media narratives and the historical mutability of prostitution stigmas . Sociological Perspectives , 51 ( 1 ) : 119 – 38 .
  • Jana , S. , Basu , I. , Rotheram-Borus , M. and Newman , P. 2004 . The Sonagachi project: A sustainable community intervention program . AIDS Education and Prevention , 16 ( 5 ) : 405 – 14 .
  • Jeal , N. and Salisbury , C. 2004 . Self-reported experiences of health services among female street-based prostitutes: A cross-sectional survey . British Journal of General Practice , 54 : 515 – 9 .
  • Kinsler , J.J. , Wong , M.D. , Sayles , J.N. , Davis , C. and Cunningham , W.E. 2007 . The effect of perceived stigma from a health care provider on access to care among a low-income HIV-positive population . AIDS Patient Care and STDs , 21 ( 8 ) : 584 – 92 .
  • Kurtz , S.P. , Surratt , H.L. , Kiley , M.C. and Inciardi , J.A. 2005 . Barriers to health and social services for street-based sex workers . Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved , 16 : 345 – 61 .
  • Link , B.G. and Phelan , J. 2001 . Conceptualizing stigma . Annual Review of Sociology , 27 : 363 – 85 .
  • Liu , H. , Hu , Z. , Li , X. , Stanton , B. , Naar-King , S. and Yang , H. 2006 . Understanding interrelationships among HIV-related stigma, concern about HIV infection, and intent to disclose HIV serostatus: A pretest-posttest study in a rural area of eastern China . AIDS Patient Care STDS , 20 ( 2 ) : 133 – 42 .
  • Murray , L.R. , Lippman , S.A. , Donini , A.A. and Kerrigan , D. 2010 . She's a professional like anyone else: Social identity among Brazilian sex workers . Culture, Health & Sexuality , 12 ( 3 ) : 293 – 306 .
  • Ngo , A.D. , McCurdy , S.A. , Ross , M.W. , Markham , C. , Ratliff , E.A. and Hang , T.B. 2007 . The lives of female sex workers in Vietnam: Findings from a qualitative study . Culture, Health & Sexuality , 9 ( 6 ) : 555 – 70 .
  • Parker , R. and Aggleton , P. 2003 . HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: A conceptual framework and implications for action . Social Science & Medicine , 57 : 13 – 24 .
  • Palepu , A. , Strathdee , S.A. , Hogg , R.S. , Anis , A.H. , Rae , S. , Cornelisse , P.G.A. , Patrick , D.M. , O'Shaughnessy , M.V. and Schecht , M.T. 1999 . The social determinants of emergency and hospital use by injection drug users in Canada . Journal of Urban Health , 76 : 409 – 18 .
  • Pheterson , G. 1993 . The whore stigma: Female dishonour and male unworthiness . Social Text , 37 : 39 – 54 .
  • Rekart , M.L. 2005 . Sex-work harm reduction . Lancet , 366 : 2124 – 34 .
  • Reza-Paul , S. , Beattie , T. , Syed , H.U.R. , Venukumar , K.T. , Venugopal , M.S. , Fathima , M.P. Raghavendra , H.R. 2008 . Declines in risk behaviour and sexually transmitted infection prevalence following a community-led HIV-prevention intervention among female sex workers in Mysore, India . AIDS , 22 ( 5 ) : S91 – S100 .
  • Rhodes, T., M. Simic, S. Baros, L. Platt, and B. Zikic. 2008. Police violence and sexual risk among female and transvestite sex workers in Serbia: Qualitative study. British Medical Journal 337:a811. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a811
  • Scambler , G. 2007 . Sex work stigma: Opportunists migrants in London . Sociology , 41 ( 6 ) : 1079 – 96 .
  • Scambler , G. and Paoli , F. 2008 . Health work, female sex workers and HIV/AIDS: Global and local dimensions of stigma and deviance as barriers to effective interventions . Social Science & Medicine , 66 : 1848 – 62 .
  • Shannnon , K. , Bright , V. , Allinot , S. , Alexson , D. , Gibson , K. and Tyndall , M.W. 2007 . Community-based HIV prevention research among substance-using women survival sex work: The Maka Project . Harm Reduction Journal , 4 : 20
  • Shannon , K. , Bright , V. , Duddy , J. and Tyndall , M.W. 2005 . Access and utilization of HIV treatment and services among women sex workers in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside . Journal of Urban Health , 82 ( 3 ) : 488 – 97 .
  • Shannon , K. , Kerr , T. , Allinott , S. , Chettiar , J. , Shoveller , J. and Tyndall , M.W. 2008 . Social and structural violence and power relations in mitigating HIV risk of drug-using women in survival sex work . Social Science & Medicine , 66 ( 4 ) : 911 – 21 .
  • Shannon , K. , Kerr , T. , Strathdee , S.A. , Shoveller , J. , Montaner , J.S. and Tyndall , M.W. 2009 . Prevalence and structural correlates of gender based violence among a prospective cohort of female sex workers . British Medical Journal , 339 : 2939
  • Shannon , K. , Rusch , M. , Shoveller , J. , Alexson , D. , Gibson , K. and Tyndall , M.W. 2007 . Mapping violence and policing as an environmental-structural barrier to health service and syringe availability among substance using women in street-level sex work . International Journal of Drug Policy , 19 : 140 – 7 .
  • UNAIDS. 2002. Sex work and HIV/AIDS, Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. UNAIDS. http://data.unaids.org/publications/IRC-pub02/jc705-sexwork-tu_en.pdf
  • UNAIDS . 2009 . Guidance note on HIV and sex work , Geneva : Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS . UNAIDS.http://data.unaids.org/pub/BaseDocument/2009/jc1696_guidance_note_hiv_and_sexwork_en.pdf
  • Whitaker , T. , Ryan , P. and Cox , G. 2011 . Stigmatization among drug-using sex workers accessing support services in Dublin . Qualitative Health Research , doi: 10.1177/1049732311404031

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.