The role of gender and power dynamics in injection initiation events within intimate partnerships in the US–Mexico border region

References

• Bryant, Joanne, Loren Brener, Peter Hull, and Carla Treloar. 2010. “Needle Sharing in Regular Sexual Relationships : An Examination of Serodiscordance, Drug Using Practices, and the Gendered Character of Injecting.”Drug and Alcohol Dependence 107 (2-3): 182–187. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.10.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleland, Charles M., Don C. Des Jarlais, Theresa E. Perlis, Gerry Stimson, and Vladimir Poznyak. and WHO Phase II Drug Injection Collaborative Study Group. 2007. “HIV Risk Behaviors among Female IDUs in Developing and Transitional Countries.”BMC Public Health 7 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-271
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Connell, R.W. 1987. Gender & power. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• DePadilla, Lara, Michael Windle, Gina Wingood, Hannah Cooper, and Ralph DiClemente. 2011. “Condom Use among Young Women: Modeling the Theory of Gender and Power.”Health Psychology 30 (3): 310–319. doi:10.1037/a0022871
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dibble, Sandra. 2017. “Record Fentanyl Seizure by Mexican Military Was Headed for Tijuana.” The San Diego Union-Tribune, August 25.
   Google Scholar
• Dworkin, Shari L., Paul J. Fleming, and Christopher J. Colvin. 2015. “The Promises and Limitations of Gender-Transformative Health Programming with Men: Critical Reflections from the Field.”Culture, Health & Sexuality 17 (sup2): 128–143. doi:10.1080/13691058.2015.1035751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dwyer, Robyn, Suzanne Fraser, and Carla Treloar. 2011. “Doing Things Together? Analysis of Health Education Materials to Inform Hepatitis C Prevention among Couples.”Addiction Research & Theory 19 (4): 352–361. doi:10.3109/16066359.2011.562619
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Bassel, Nabila, Louisa Gilbert, Assel Terlikbayeva, Chris Beyrer, Elwin Wu, Mingway Chang, Tim Hunt, Leyla Ismayilova, Stacey A. Shaw, Sholpan Primbetova., et al. 2014. “Effects of a Couple-Based Intervention to Reduce Risks for HIV, HCV, and STIs among Drug-Involved Heterosexual Couples in Kazakhstan: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Journal of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 67 (2): 196–203. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000277
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Bassel, Nabila, Stacey A. Shaw, Anindita Dasgupta, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. 2014. “People Who Inject Drugs in Intimate Relationships: It Takes Two to Combat HIV.”Current HIV/AIDS Reports 11 (1): 45–51. doi:10.1007/s11904-013-0192-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firestone Cruz, Michelle, Andrea Mantsios, Rebeca Ramos, Patricia Case, Kimberly C. Brouwer, Maria Elena Ramos, and Wendy Davila Fraga. 2007. “A Qualitative Exploration of Gender in the Context of Injection Drug Use in Two US – Mexico Border Cities.”AIDS & Behavior 11: 253–262. doi:10.1007/s10461-006-9148-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fragoso, Jose M., and Susan Kashubeck. 2000. “Machismo, Gender Role Conflict, and Mental Health in Mexican American Men.”Psychology of Men & Masculinity 1 (2): 87–97. doi:10.1037/1524-9220.1.2.87
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, Suzanne. 2013. “The Missing Mass of Morality: A New Fitpack Design for Hepatitis C Prevention in Sexual Partnerships.”International Journal of Drug Policy 24 (3): 212–219. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.03.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, Suzanne, Jake Rance, and Carla Treloar. 2016. “Hepatitis C Prevention and Convenience: Why Do People Who Inject Drugs in Sexual Partnerships ‘Run Out’ of Sterile Equipment?”Critical Public Health 26 (3): 294–306. doi:10.1080/09581596.2015.1036839
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, Suzanne, Carla Treloar, Joanne Bryant, and Tim Rhodes. 2014. “Hepatitis C Prevention Education Needs to Be Grounded in Social Relationships.”Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 21 (1): 88–92. doi:10.3109/09687637.2013.776517
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, Suzanne, Carla Treloar, Sandra Gendera, and Jake Rance. 2017. “Affording’ New Approaches to Couples Who Inject Drugs: A Novel Fitpack Design for Hepatitis C Prevention.”International Journal of Drug Policy 50: 19–35. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garfein, Richard S., Meg C. Doherty, Edgar R. Monterroso, David L. Thomas, Kenrad E. Nelson, and David Vlahov. 1998. “Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Young Adult Injection Drug Users.”Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human Retrovirology 18 (sup1): S11–S9. doi:10.1097/00042560-199802001-00004
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guise, Andy, Jason Melo, Maria Luisa Mittal, Claudia Rafful, Jazmine Cuevas-Mota, Peter Davidson, Richard S. Garfein, and Dan Werb. 2018. “A Fragmented Code: The Moral and Structural Context for Providing Assistance with Injection Drug Use Initiation in San Diego, USA.”International Journal of Drug Policy 55: 51–60. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.02.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harocopos, Alex, Lloyd A. Goldsamt, Paul Kobrak, John J. Jost, and Michael C. Clatts. 2009. “New Injectors and the Social Context of Injection Initiation.”International Journal of Drug Policy 20 (4): 317–323. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.06.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iverson, Jenny, Kimberly Page, Annie Madden, and Lisa Maher. 2015. “HIV, HCV, and Health-Related Harms among Women Who Inject Drugs: Implications for Prevention and Treatment.” Journal of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 69 (1): S176–S81. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000659
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maternowska, M. Catherine, Mellissa Withers, and Claire Brindis. 2014. “Gender, Masculinity and Migration: Mexican Men and Reproductive Health in the Californian Context.”Culture, Health & Sexuality 16 (8): 989–1002. doi:10.1080/13691058.2014.920529
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, Stephanie A., Ayden Scheim, Sonia Jain, Xiaoying Sun, M. J. Milloy, Kora DeBeck, Kanna Hayashi, Richard S. Garfein, and Dan Werb. 2018. “Gender Differences in the Provision of Injection Initiation Assistance: A Comparison of Three North American Cities.”Harm Reduction Journal 15 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1186/s12954-018-0270-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA)2018. “Opioid Overdose Crisis.” January. https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids/opioid-overdose-crisis
   Google Scholar
• Rafful, Claudia, María Elena Medina-Mora, Guilherme Borges, Corina Benjet, and Ricardo Orozco. 2012. “Depression, Gender, and the Treatment Gap in Mexico.”Journal of Affective Disorders 138 (1-2): 165–169. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.12.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj, A., J. G. Silverman, and H. Amaro. 2004. “Abused Women Report Greater Male Partner Risk and Gender-Based Risk for HIV : Findings from a Community-Based Study with Hispanic Women.”AIDS Care 16 (4): 519–529. doi:10.1080/09540120410001683448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rance, Jake, Tim Rhodes, Suzanne Fraser, Joanne Bryant, and Carla Treloar. 2018. “Practices of Partnership : Negotiated Safety among Couples Who Inject Drugs.” Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 22 (1): 3–19. doi:10.1177/1363459316660859
   Google Scholar
• Rance, Jake, Carla Treloar, Suzanne Fraser, Joanne Bryant, and Tim Rhodes. 2017. “Don’t Think I’m Going to Leave You over It’: Accounts of Changing Hepatitis C Status among Couples Who Inject Drugs.”Drug and Alcohol Dependence 173: 78–84. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes, Tim. 2002. “The ‘Risk Environment’: A Framework for Understanding and Reducing Drug-Related Harm.”International Journal of Drug Policy 13 (2): 85–94. doi:10.1016/S0955-3959(02)00007-5
   Google Scholar
• Rhodes, Tim, Jake Rance, Suzanne Fraser, and Carla Treloar. 2017. “The Intimate Relationship as a Site of Social Protection: Partnerships between People Who Inject Drugs.”Social Science & Medicine 180: 125–134. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson, Angela M., Richard S. Garfein, Karla D. Wagner, Sanjay R. Mehta, Carlos Magis-Rodriguez, Jazmine Cuevas-Mota, Patricia Moreno-Zuniga, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. 2014. “Evaluating the Impact of Mexico’s Drug Policy Reforms on People Who Inject Drugs in Tijuana, B.C., Mexico, and San Diego, CA, United States: A Binational Mixed Methods Research Agenda.”Harm Reduction Journal 11 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-11-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Robertson, Angela M., Alicia Y. Vera, Manuel Gallardo, A. Pollini Robin, L. Patterson Thomas, Patricia Case, and Lucie Nguyen. 2011. “Correlates of Seeking Injection Assistance among Injection Drug Users in Tijuana, Mexico.” American Journal of Addiction 19 (4): 357–363. doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00053.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitz, Kim, and, Sarah Diefenthaler. 1998. “An Examination of Traditional Gender Roles among Men and Women in Mexico and the United States.” Journal of Undergraduate Research University of Wisconsin-LaCrosse 1: 139–143.
   Google Scholar
• Simmons, Janie, Sonali Rajan, and James M. McMahon. 2012. “Retrospective Accounts of Injection Initiation in Intimate Partnerships.”International Journal of Drug Policy 23 (4): 303–311. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.01.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syvertsen, Jennifer L., Angela M. Robertson, Lawrence A. Palinkas, M. Gudelia Rangel, Gustavo Martinez, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. 2013. “Where Sex Ends and Emotions Begin: Love and HIV Risk among Female Sex Workers and Their Intimate, Non-Commercial Partners along the Mexico-U.S.”Border.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 15 (5): 540–554. doi:10.1080/13691058.2013.773381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treloar, Carla, Jake Rance, Joanne Bryant, and Suzanne Fraser. 2016a. “Understanding Decisions Made about Hepatitis C Treatment by Couples Who Inject Drugs.”Journal of Viral Hepatitis 23 (2): 89–95. doi:10.1111/jvh.12451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkmann, Tyson, Sanghyuk S. Shin, Richard S. Garfein, Thomas L. Patterson, Robin A. Pollini, Karla D. Wagner, Irina Artamanova, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. 2012. “Border Crossing to Inject Drugs in Mexico among Injection Drug Users in San Diego, California.”Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 14 (2): 281–286. doi:10.1007/s10903-011-9462-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner, Karla D., Robin A. Pollini, Thomas L. Patterson, Remedios Lozada, Victoria D. Ojeda, Kimberly C. Brouwer, Alicia Vera, Tyson A. Volkmann, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. 2011. “Cross-Border Drug Injection Relationships among Injection Drug Users in Tijuana, Mexico.”Drug and Alcohol Dependence 113 (2-3): 236–241. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.08.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenger, Lynn D., Andrea M. Lopez, Alex H. Kral, and Ricky N. Bluthenthal. 2016. “Moral Ambivalence and the Decision to Initiate Others into Injection Drug Use: A Qualitative Study in Two California Cities.”International Journal of Drug Policy 37: 42–51. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.07.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werb, Daniel, Richard Garfein, Thomas Kerr, Peter Davidson, Perrine Roux, Marie Jauffret-Roustide, Marc Auriacombe, Will Small, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. 2016. “A Socio-Structural Approach to Preventing Injection Drug Use Initiation: Rationale for the PRIMER Study.”Harm Reduction Journal 13 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/s12954-016-0114-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wingood, G. M., and R. J. DiClemente. 2000. “Application of the Theory of Gender and Power to Examine HIV-Related Exposures, Risk Factors, and Effective Interventions for Women.”Health Education & Behavior 27 (5): 539–565. doi:10.1177/109019810002700502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wingood, Gina M., and Ralph J. DiClemente. 2002. “The Theory of Gender and Power: A Social Structural Theory for Guiding Public Health Interventions.”In Emerging theories in health promotion practice and research: Strategies for improving public health., edited by Ralph J. DiClemente, Richard A. Crosby, and Michelle C. Kegler, 313–346. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO)2017. “People Who Inject Drugs.” http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/idu/about/en/
   Google Scholar
• Wright, Nat M. J., Charlotte N. E. Tompkins, and Laura Sheard. 2007. “Is Peer Injecting a Form of Intimate Partner Abuse? a Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Women Drug Users.”Health & Social Care in the Community 15 (5): 417–425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2007.00700.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar