2,328
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Essential elements of a community empowerment approach to HIV prevention among female sex workers engaged in project Shikamana in Iringa, Tanzania

, , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 111-126 | Received 09 Jan 2019, Accepted 21 Aug 2019, Published online: 09 Sep 2019

References

  • Baral, S., C. Beyrer, K. Muessig, T. Poteat, A. L. Wirtz, M. R. Decker, S. G. Sherman, and D. Kerrigan. 2012. “Burden of HIV among Female Sex Workers in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” The Lancet Infectious Diseases 12 (7): 538–549.
  • Basu, I., S. Jana, M. J. Rotheram-Borus, D. Swendeman, S. J. Lee, P. Newman, and R. Weiss. 2004. “HIV Prevention among Sex Workers in India.” Journal of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 36 (3): 845–852.
  • Beckham, S. 2013. “Like Any Other Woman”? Pregnancy, Motherhood, and HIV among Sex Workers in Southern Tanzania.” PhD diss., Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
  • Biradavolu, M. R., S. Burris, A. George, A. Jena, and K. M. Blankenship. 2009. “Can Sex Workers Regulate Police? Learning from an HIV Prevention Project for Sex Workers in Southern India.” Social Science & Medicine 68 (8): 1541–1547.
  • Blanchard, A. K., H. L. Mohan, M. Shahmanesh, R. Prakash, S. Isac, B. M. Ramesh, P. Bhattacharjee, V. Gurnani, S. Moses, and J. F. Blanchard. 2013. “Community Mobilization, Empowerment and HIV Prevention among Female Sex Workers in South India.” BMC Public Health 13 (1): 234.
  • Blankenship, K. M., S. R. Friedman, S. Dworkin, and J. E. Mantell. 2006. “Structural Interventions: Concepts, Challenges and Opportunities for Research.” Journal of Urban Health 83 (1): 59–72.
  • Bourdieu, P. 1986. “The Forms of Capital.” In Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, edited by J. Richardson, 46–58. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
  • Campbell, C. 2000. “Selling Sex in the Time of AIDS: The Psycho-Social Context of Condom Use by Sex Workers on a Southern African Mine.” Social Science & Medicine (1982) 50 (4): 479–494.
  • Cornish, F., and R. Ghosh. 2007. “The Necessary Contradictions of 'Community-Led' Health Promotion: A Case Study of HIV Prevention in an Indian Red Light District.” Social Science & Medicine 64 (2): 496–507.
  • Cornish, F., A. Shukla, and R. Banerji. 2010. “Persuading, Protesting and Exchanging Favours: Strategies Used by Indian Sex Workers to Win Local Support for Their HIV Prevention Programmes.” AIDS Care 22 (sup2): 1670–1678.
  • Global Network of Sex Work Projects. 2015. “SWIT Case Study.” Accessed April 11, 2019. https://www.nswp.org/resource/swit-case-study
  • Government of the United Republic of Tanzania. 1981. “Tanzania Penal Code Chapter 16 of the Laws (Revised) (Principal Legislation).” http://www.lrct.go.tz/
  • Green, J., and N. Thorogood. 2006. Qualitative Methods for Health Research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
  • Hawe, P., and A. Shiell. 2000. “Social Capital and Health Promotion: A Review.” Social Science & Medicine 51 (6): 871–885. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00067-8
  • Human Rights Watch. 2013. “Treat us like Human Beings”: Discrimination against Sex Workers, Sexual and Gender Minorities, and People Who Use Drugs in Tanzania.” Washington D.C., USA: Human Rights Watch.
  • Ibhawoh, B., and J. I. Dibua. 2003. “Deconstructing Ujamaa: The Legacy of Julius Nyerere in the Quest for Social and Economic Development in Africa.” African Journal of Political Science 8 (1): 59–83.
  • Jana, S., I. Basu, M. J. Rotheram-Borus, and P. A. Newman. 2004. “The Sonagachi Project: A Sustainable Community Intervention Program.” AIDS Education and Prevention 16: 405–414.
  • Jenkins, C. 2000. “Female Sex Worker HIV Prevention Projects: Lessons Learnt from Papua New Guinea.” India, and Bangladesh.” Geneva: UNAIDS.
  • Kabeer, N. 1999. “Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women's Empowerment.” In Development and Change, edited by Institute of Social Studies, 435–464. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
  • Kerrigan, D., C. Barrington, Y. Donastorg, M. Perez, and N. Galai. 2016. “Abriendo Puertas: Feasibility and Effectiveness a Multi-Level Intervention to Improve HIV Outcomes among Female Sex Workers Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.” AIDS & Behavior 20 (9): 1919–1927.
  • Kerrigan, D., C. E. Kennedy, R. Morgan-Thomas, S. Reza-Paul, P. Mwangi, K. Thi Win, A. McFall, V. A. Fonner, and J. Butler. 2015. “A Community Empowerment Approach to the HIV Response among Sex Workers: Effectiveness, Challenges, and Considerations for Implementation and Scale-up.” The Lancet 385 (9963): 172–185.
  • Kerrigan, D. L., V. A. Fonner, S. Stromdahl, and C. E. Kennedy. 2013. “Community Empowerment among Female Sex Workers Is an Effective HIV Prevention Intervention: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed Evidence from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.” AIDS & Behavior 17 (6): 1926–1940.
  • Kerrigan, D., J. Mbwambo, S. Likindikoki, S. Beckham, A. Mwampashi, C. Shembilu, A. Mantsios, A. Leddy, W. Davis, and N. Galai. 2017. “Project Shikamana: Baseline Findings from a Community Empowerment-Based Combination HIV Trial of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.” Journal of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 74 (1): S60–S68.
  • Kerrigan, D., J. Mbwambo, S. Likindikoki, W. Davis, A. Mantsios, S. W. Beckham, A. Leddy, C. Shembilu, A. Mwampashi, S. Aboud, et al. 2019. “Project Shikamana: Community Empowerment-Based Combination HIV Prevention Significantly Impacts HIV Incidence and Care Continuum Outcomes among Female Sex Workers in Iringa, Tanzania.” Journal of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.
  • Kerrigan, D., P. Telles, H. Torres, C. Overs, and C. Castle. 2008. “Community Development and HIV/STI-Related Vulnerability among Female Sex Workers in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.” Health Education Research 23 (1): 137–145.
  • Laga, M., C. Galavotti, S. Sundaramon, and R. Moodie. 2010. “The Importance of Sex-Worker Interventions: The Case of Avahan in India.” Sexually Transmitted Infections 86 (Suppl 1): i6– i.7.
  • Leddy, A. M., C. Underwood, M. R. Decker, J. Mbwambo, S. Likindikoki, N. Galai, and D. Kerrigan. 2018. “Adapting the Risk Environment Framework to Understand Substance Use, Gender-Based Violence, and HIV Risk Behaviors among Female Sex Workers in Tanzania.” AIDS & Behavior 22 (10): 3296–3306.
  • Lippman, S. A., M. Chinaglia, A. A. Donini, J. Diaz, A. Reingold, and D. L. Kerrigan. 2012. “Findings from Encontros: A Multilevel STI/HIV Intervention to Increase Condom Use, Reduce STI, and Change the Social Environment among Sex Workers in Brazil.” Sexually Transmitted Diseases 39 (3): 209–216.
  • Mantsios, A., N. Galai, J. Mbwambo, S. Likindikoki, C. Shembilu, A. Mwampashi, S. W. Beckham, A. Leddy, W. Davis, S. Sherman, et al. 2018. “Community Savings Groups, Financial Security, and HIV Risk among Female Sex Workers in Iringa, Tanzania.” AIDS & Behavior 22 (11): 3742–3750.
  • Mgbako, C. A. 2016. To Live Freely in this World: Sex Worker Activism in Africa. New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Moore, L., M. F. Chersich, R. Steen, S. Reza-Paul, A. Dhana, B. Vuylsteke, Y. Lafort, and F. Scorgie. 2014. “Community Empowerment and Involvement of Female Sex Workers in Targeted Sexual and Reproductive Health Interventions in Africa: A Systematic Review.” Globalization and Health 10 (1): 47.
  • Pope, C., S. Ziebland, and N. Mays. 2000. “Qualitative Research in Health care. Analysing qualitative data.” BMJ (Clinical Research ed.) 320 (7227): 114–116.
  • Proprietary Software. 2016. “Atlas.ti.”
  • Research to Prevention. 2013. “Strategic Assessment to Define a Comprehensive Response to HIV in Iringa, Tanzania Research Brief: Female Sex Workers.” USAID. https://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/research-to-prevention/publications/iringa/Iringa-FSW-brief-final.pdf
  • Reza-Paul, S., T. Beattie, H. U. R. Syed, K. T. Venukumar, M. S. Venugopal, M. P. Fathima, H. R. Raghavendra, P. Akram, R. Manjula, M. Lakshmi, et al. 2008. “Declines in Risk Behaviour and Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevalence following a Community-Led HIV Preventive Intervention among Female Sex Workers in Mysore, India.” AIDS 22 (Suppl 5): S91–S100.
  • Reza-Paul, S., N. O′Brien, J. Jain, P. F. Mary, K. N. Raviprakash, R. Steen, R. Lorway, L. Lazarus, M. Bhagya, K. T. Venukumar, et al. 2012. “Sex Worker-Led Structural Interventions in India: A Case Study on Addressing Violence in HIV Prevention through the Ashodaya Samithi Collective in Mysore.” The Indian Journal of Medical Research 135 (1): 98–106.
  • Sen, A. 1990. “Gender Equality and Cooperative Conflicts.” In Persistent Inequalities: Women and World Development, 123–149. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Shannon, K., A. L. Crago, S. D. Baral, L. G. Bekker, D. Kerrigan, M. R. Decker, T. Poteat, A. L. Wirtz, B. Weir, M. C. Boily, et al. 2018. “The Global Response and Unmet Actions for HIV and Sex Workers.” Lancet 392 (10148): 698–710.
  • Swartz, D. 1997. Culture and Power: The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
  • World Health Organization, United Nations Population Fund, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, Global Network of Sex Work Projects, and The World Bank. 2012. “Prevention and Treatment of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections for Sex Workers in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach.” Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization, United Nations Population Fund, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, Global Network of Sex Work Projects, and The World Bank. 2013. Implementing Comprehensive HIV/STI Programmes with Sex Workers: Practical Approaches from Collaborative Interventions. Geneva: World Health Organization.