Transnational immanence: the autopoietic co-constitution of a Chinese spiritual organization through mediated communication

References

• Benford, R. D., & Snow, D. A. (2000). Framing processes and social movements: An overview and assessment. Annual Review of Sociology, 26, 611–639. doi: 10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.611
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brummans, B. H. J. M., Cooren, F., & Chaput, M. (2009). Discourse, communication, and organisational ontology. In F. Bargiela-Chiappini (Ed.), The handbook of business discourse (pp. 53–65). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brummans, B. H. J. M., Hwang, J. M., & Cheong, P. H. (2013). Mindful authoring through invocation: Leaders’ constitution of a spiritual organization. Management Communication Quarterly, 27(3), 346–372. doi: 10.1177/0893318913479176
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadge, W., Levitt, P., & Smilde, D. (2011). De-centering and re-centering: Rethinking concepts and methods in the sociological study of religion. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50(3), 437–449. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5906.2011.01585.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, H. (2012). How religious communities negotiate new media religiously. In P. H. Cheong, P. Fischer-Nielsen, P. S. Gelfgren, & C. Ess. (Eds.), Digital religion, social media and culture: Perspectives, practices, futures (pp. 81–96). New York, NY: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Castells, M. (2009). Communication power. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chan, S. (2008). Cross-cultural civility in global civil society: Transnational cooperation in Chinese NGOs. Global Networks, 8, 232–252. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0374.2008.00193.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaput, M., Brummans, B. H. J. M., & Cooren, F. (2011). The role of organizational identification in the communicative constitution of an organization: A study of consubstantialization in a young political party. Management Communication Quarterly, 25(2), 252–282. doi: 10.1177/0893318910386719
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, C. H. (2007). Building the pure land on earth: Ciji's media cultural discourse. Journal of Media and Religion, 6(3), 181–199. doi: 10.1080/15348420701529835
   Google Scholar
• Chen, W., & Wellman, B. (2009). Net and jet. Information, Communication & Society, 12(4), 525–547. doi: 10.1080/13691180902858080
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheney, G., & Christensen, L. T. (2001). Organizational identity: Linkages between internal and external communication. In F. M. Jablin & L. L. Putnam (Eds.), The new handbook of organizational communication: Advances in theory, research, and methods (pp. 231–269). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Cheong, P. H., Huang, S. H., & Poon, J. P. H. (2011). Cultivating online and offline pathways to enlightenment: Religious authority in wired Buddhist organizations. Information, Communication & Society, 14(8), 1160–1180. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2011.579139
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheong, P. H., & Poon, J. P. H. (2009). Weaving webs of faith: Examining internet use and religious communication among Chinese Protestant transmigrants. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 2(3), 189–207. doi: 10.1080/17513050902985349
   Google Scholar
• Cooren, F., Brummans, B. H. J. M., & Charrieras, D. (2008). The coproduction of organizational presence: A study of Médecins sans Frontières in action. Human Relations, 61(10), 1339–1370. doi: 10.1177/0018726708095707
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooren, F., & Taylor, J. R. (1997). Organization as an effect of mediation: Redefining the link between organization and communication. Communication Theory, 7(3), 219–260. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.1997.tb00151.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derrida, J. (1995). Archive fever: A Freudian impression (E. Prenowitz, Trans.). Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Eglash, R. (2004). Appropriating technology: An introduction. In R. Eglash, J. Croissant, G. Di Chiro, & R. Fouche (Eds.), Appropriating technology: Vernacular science and social power (p. vii–xxi). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
   Google Scholar
• Ho, G. (2009). Challenges: The life and teachings of venerable master Cheng Yen. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre.
   Google Scholar
• Horgan, B., & Wellman, B. (2012). The immanent internet redux. In P. H. Cheong, P. Fischer-Nielsen, P. S. Gelfgren, & C. Ess. (Eds.), Digital religion, social media and culture: Perspectives, practices, futures (pp. 43–62). New York, NY: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Huang, C. J. (2009). Charisma and compassion: Cheng Yen and the Buddhist Tzu Chi movement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hutchings, T. (2011). Contemporary religious community and the online church. Information, Communication & Society, 14(8), 1118–1135. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2011.591410
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins, J. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York, NY: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kenix, L. J. (2008). Nonprofit organizations’ perceptions and uses of the internet. Television & New Media, 9(5), 407–428. doi: 10.1177/1527476408315501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khagram, S., & Levitt, P. (2008). Constructing transnational studies. In S. Khagram & P. Levitt (Eds.), The transnational studies reader: Intersections and innovations (pp. 1–22), New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. (2009). Cultivating the self in cyberspace: The use of personal blogs among Buddhist priests. Journal of Media and Religion, 8(2), 97–114. doi: 10.1080/15348420902881027
   Google Scholar
• Leung, K. (1988). Some determinants of conflict avoidance. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 19(1), 125–136.
   Google Scholar
• Levitt, P. (2003). ‘You know, Abraham was really the first immigrant’: Religion and transnational migration. International Migration Review, 37(3), 847–873. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00160.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, L. K., Hamel, S. A., & Richardson, B. K. (2001). Communicating change to nonprofit stakeholders: Models and predictors of implementers’ approaches. Management Communication Quarterly, 15(1), 5–41. doi: 10.1177/0893318901151001
   Google Scholar
• Liao, P. (2012). The mediating role of mediatized religious content: An example of Buddhist institutional use of prime-time dramas. Australian Journal of Communication, 39(1), 37–52.
   Google Scholar
• Lindlof, T. R. (1995). Qualitative communication research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Lindlof, T. R., & Taylor, B. C. (2002). Qualitative communication research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Luisi, P. L. (2003). Autopoiesis: A review and a reappraisal. Naturwissenschaften, 90, 49–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markham, A., & Baym, N. (2009). Internet inquiry: Conversations about method. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Maturana, H. R., & Varela, F. J. (1987). The tree of knowledge: The biological roots of human understanding. Boston, MA: Shambhala.
   Google Scholar
• McPhee, R. D., & Iverson, J. (2009). Agents of constitution in communidad. In L. L. Putnam & A. M. Nicotera (Eds.), Building theories of organization: The constitutive role of communication (pp. 49–87). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• O'Neill, M. (2010). Tzu Chi: Serving with compassion. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Ong, A., & Nonini, D. (Eds.). (1997). Ungrounded empires: The cultural politics of modern Chinese transnationalism. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, G. W., & Bernhard, H. R. (2003). Techniques to identify themes. Field Methods, 15(1), 85–109. doi: 10.1177/1525822X02239569
   Google Scholar
• Stamatov, P. (2010). Activist religion, empire, and the emergence of modern long-distance advocacy networks. American Sociological Review, 75(1), 607–628. doi: 10.1177/0003122410374083
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, J. R. (1995). Shifting from a heteronomous to an autonomous worldview of organizational communication: Communication theory on the cusp. Communication Theory, 5(1), 1–35. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.1995.tb00096.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, J. R. (2001). The ‘rational’ organization reconsidered: An exploration of some of the organizational implications of self-organizing. Communication Theory, 11(2), 137–177. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2001.tb00237.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tilly, C. (2003). The politics of collective violence. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tracey, P. (2012). Religion and organization: A critical review of current trends and future directions. The Academy of Management Annals, 6(1), 87–134. doi: 10.1080/19416520.2012.660761
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, B. (2007). Religious authority and the new media. Theory, Culture, Society, 24(2), 117–134. doi: 10.1177/0263276407075001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation. (2010a). Introduction to Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation. In Introductory pamphlet to Tzu Chi. Retrieved August 12, 2012, from http://www.scribd.com/doc/36043934/Introductory-pamphlet-to-Tzu-Chi
   Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation. (2010b). Wholesome media. Retrieved January 8, 2012, from http://www.tw.TzuChi.org/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=485%3Awholesome-media&catid=80%3Amissionofculture&Itemid=180&lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation. (2011a). Tzu Chi missions. Retrieved January 8, 2012, from http://tw.TzuChi.org/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=293%3Atzu-chi-missions&catid=58%3Atzuchi&Itemid=283&lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation. (2011b). Synopsis of the sutra adaptation of the water repentance text. Retrieved January 8, 2012, from http://www.tw.TzuChi.org/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=866&Itemid=328&lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation. (2011c). A modern sutra: Real-life stories of repentance. Retrieved January 8, 2012, from http://www.tw.TzuChi.org/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=853%3Aa-modern-sutra-real-life-stories-of-repentance&catid=112%3Aseries-on-repentance&Itemid=322&lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation – Australia. (2007). Tzu Chi dharma teachings (sutra of immeasurable meanings). Retrieved January 8, 2012, from http://www.TzuChi.org.au/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=309%3Atzu-chi-dharma-teachings-sutra-of-immeasurable-meanings&catid=101%3Aphilosphy&Itemid=265&lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Tzu Chi Foundation – Philippines. (2011). Master Cheng Yen answer commonly-asked questions about Tzu Chi. Retrieved August 12, 2012, from http://www.TzuChizam.org/Tzu Chi/about-tzu-chi/faq.html
   Google Scholar
• Van Manen, M. (1990). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. London: The Althouse Press.
   Google Scholar
• Varela, F. (1987). Laying down a path in walking. In W. I. Thompson (Ed.), GAIA, a way of knowing: Political implications of the new biology (pp. 48–64). Hudson, NY: Lindistarne Press.
   Google Scholar
• Varela, F. J. (1999). Ethical know-how: Action, wisdom, and cognition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (1991). The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience. Boston, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar