Structure and returns: toward a refined understanding of Internet use and social capital

References

• Appel, L., Dadlani, P., Dwyer, M., Hampton, K., Kitzie, V., Matni, Z. A., & Teodoro, R. (2014). Testing the validity of social capital measures in the study of information and communication technologies. Information, Communication & Society, 17, 398–416. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2014.884612
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakker, T. P., & de Vreese, C. H. (2011). Good news for the future? Young people, Internet use, and political participation. Communication Research, 38, 451–470. doi: 10.1177/0093650210381738
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanchard, A. L. (2007). Developing a sense of virtual community measure. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10, 827–830. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2007.9946
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brandtzæg, P. B. (2012). Social networking sites: Their users and social implications ‒ a longitudinal study. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17, 467–488. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2012.01580.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, B., Hogan, B., Ellison, N., Lampe, C., & Vitak, J. (2014). Assessing structural correlates to social capital in Facebook ego networks. Social Networks, 38, 1–15. doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2014.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burt, R. S. (2000). The network structure of social capital. Research in Organizational Behavior, 22, 345–423. doi: 10.1016/S0191-3085(00)22009-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, W. (2013a). Internet use, online communication, and ties in Americans’ networks. Social Science Computer Review, 31, 404–423. doi: 10.1177/0894439313480345
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, W. (2013b). The implications of social capital for the digital divides in America. The Information Society, 29, 13–25. doi: 10.1080/01972243.2012.739265
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, W. (2015). A moveable feast: Do mobile media technologies mobilize or normalize cultural participation? Human Communication Research, 41, 82–101. doi: 10.1111/hcre.12041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, J., Shah, D. V., McLeod, J. M., McLeod, D. M., Scholl, R. M., & Gotlieb, M. R. (2009). Campaigns, reflection, and deliberation: Advancing an O-S-R-O-R model of communication effects. Communication Theory, 19, 66–88. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2008.01333.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, E., & Freeman, J. (2013). Do problematic and non-problematic video game players differ in extraversion, trait empathy, social capital and prosocial tendencies? Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1933–1940. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellison, N., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook ‘friends’: Social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 1143–1168. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellison, N. B., Vitak, J., Gray, R., & Lampe, C. (2014). Cultivating social resources on social network sites: Facebook relationship maintenance behaviors and their role in social capital processes. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19, 855–870. doi: 10.1111/jcc4.12078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gil de Zúñiga, H., Bachmann, I., Hsu, S. H., & Brundidge, J. (2013). Expressive versus consumptive blog use: Implications for interpersonal discussion and political participation. International Journal of Communication, 7, 1538–1559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gil de Zúñiga, H., Barnidge, M., & Scherman, A. (2017). Social media social capital, offline social capital, and citizenship: Exploring asymmetrical social capital effects. Political Communication, 34, 44–68. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/10584609.2016.1227000
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gil de Zúñiga, H., Jung, N., & Valenzuela, S. (2012). Social media use for news and individuals’ social capital, civic engagement and political participation. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17, 319–336. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2012.01574.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360–1380. doi: 10.1086/225469
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampton, K. N., Lee, C., & Her, E. J. (2011). How new media affords network diversity: Direct and mediated access to social capital through participation in local social settings. New Media & Society, 13, 1031–1049. doi: 10.1177/1461444810390342
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardy, B. W., & Scheufele, D. A. (2005). Examining differential gains from Internet use: Comparing the moderating role of talk and online interactions. Journal of Communication, 55, 71–84. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb02659.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofer, M., & Aubert, V. (2013). Perceived bridging and bonding social capital on Twitter: Differentiating between followers and followees. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 2134–2142. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.04.038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y., Hsu, S. H., & Gil de Zúñiga, H. (2013). Influence of social media use on discussion network heterogeneity and civic engagement: The moderating role of personality traits. Journal of Communication, 63, 498–516. doi: 10.1111/jcom.12034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraut, R., Patterson, M., Lundmark, V., Kiesler, S., Mukophadhyay, T., & Scherlis, W. (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being? American Psychologist, 53, 1017–1031. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.53.9.1017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, C. H., & Chen, W. (2016). Welcome to the club: From multimodal voluntary participation to community involvement. International Journal of Communication, 10, 3931–3955.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S. J. (2009). Online communication and adolescent social ties: Who benefits more from Internet use? Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14, 509–531. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01451.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, X., Chen, W., & Popiel, P. (2015). What happens on Facebook stays on Facebook? The implications of Facebook interaction for perceived, receiving, and giving social support. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 106–113. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.04.066
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, N. (1999). Building a network theory of social capital. Connections, 22, 28–51.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, N., & Dumin, M. (1986). Access to occupations through social ties. Social Networks, 8, 365–385. doi: 10.1016/0378-8733(86)90003-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, N., Fu, Y. C., & Hsung, R. M. (2001). The position generator: Measurement techniques for investigations of social capital. In N. Lin, K. Cook, & R. S. Burt (Eds.), Social capital: Theory and research (pp. 57–84). New York, NY: Aldine De Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Marsden, P. V. (1987). Core discussion networks of Americans. American Sociological Review, 52, 122–131. doi: 10.2307/2095397
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merton, R. K. (1968). The Matthew effect in science: The reward and communication systems of science are considered. Science, 159, 56–63. doi: 10.1126/science.159.3810.56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, M. R., Teevan, J., & Panovich, K. (2010). What do people ask their social networks, and why?: A survey study of status message q&a behavior. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (pp. 1739−1748). New York, NY: ACM.
   Google Scholar
• Norris, P. (2001). Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pénard, T., & Poussing, N. (2010). Internet use and social capital: The strength of virtual ties. Journal of Economic Issues, 44, 569–595. doi:10.2139/ssrn.760084 doi: 10.2753/JEI0021-3624440301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. D. (2001). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Shah, D. V., Kwak, N., & Holbert, R. L. (2001). ‘Connecting’ and ‘disconnecting’ with civic life: Patterns of Internet use and the production of social capital. Political Communication, 18, 141–162. doi: 10.1080/105846001750322952
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, C., & Chen, W. (2015). Social capital, coplaying patterns, and health disruptions: A survey of massively multiplayer online game participants in China. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 243–249. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.053
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smyth, J. M. (2007). Beyond self-selection in video game play: An experimental examination of the consequences of massively multiplayer online role-playing game play. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10, 717–721. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2007.9963
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Steinkuehler, C. A., & Williams, D. (2006). Where everybody knows your (screen) name: Online games as ‘third places’. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11, 885–909. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00300.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subrahmanyam, K., Reich, S. M., Waechter, N., & Espinoza, G. (2008). Online and offline social networks: Use of social networking sites by emerging adults. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29, 420–433. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, T. L. (2009). Play between worlds: Exploring online game culture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tufekci, Z. (2010). Who acquires friends through social media and why? ‘Rich get richer’ versus ‘seek and ye shall find’. In Proceedings of the fourth international AAAI conference on weblogs and social media. Washington, DC: AAAI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Valenzuela, S. (2013). Unpacking the use of social media for protest behavior the roles of information, opinion expression, and activism. American Behavioral Scientist, 57, 920–942. doi: 10.1177/0002764213479375
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dijk, J. A. (2005). The deepening divide: Inequality in the information society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Vergeer, M., & Pelzer, B. (2009). Consequences of media and Internet use for offline and online network capital and well-being. A causal model approach. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 15, 189–210. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01499.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., & Wellman, B. (2010). Social connectivity in America: Changes in adult friendship network size from 2002 to 2007. American Behavioral Scientist, 53, 1148–1169. doi: 10.1177/0002764209356247
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wellman, B., Quan-Haase, A., Witte, J., & Hampton, K. (2001). Does the Internet increase, decrease, or supplement social capital? Social networks, participation, and community commitment. American Behavioral Scientist, 45, 436–455. doi: 10.1177/00027640121957286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, D. (2006). On and off the Net: Scales for social capital in an online era. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11, 593–628. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00029.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, D. (2007). The impact of time online: Social capital and cyberbalkanization. CyberPscyhology & Behavior, 10, 398–406. doi: 10.1089/cpb.2006.9939
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yardi, S., & boyd, d. (2010). Tweeting from the town square: Measuring geographic local networks. In ICWSM ‘10: Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (pp. 194–201). New York, NY: AAAI.
   Google Scholar