References

• Act on the Organisation and Support of the Active Employment Intervention, etc. [Bekendtgørelse af lov om organisering og understøttelse af beskæftigelsesindsatsen m.v., nr. 1483 af den 23/12/2014], Copenhagen: Ministry of Employment.
   Google Scholar
• Atkinson, P. (1999). Medical discourse, evidentiality and the construction of professional responsibility. In S. Sarangi & C. Roberts (Eds.), Talk, work and institutional order: Discourse in medical, mediation and management settings (pp. 75–107). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Austin, M. J., Johnson, M. A., Chow, J. C., De Marco, A., & Ketch, V. (2009). Delivering welfare-to-work services in county social service organizations: An exploratory study of staff perspectives. Administration in Social Work, 33(1), 105–126. doi: 10.1080/03643100802508668
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borghi, V., & Van Berkel, R. (2007). Individualised service provision in an era of activation and new governance. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 27, 413–424. doi: 10.1108/01443330710822101
   Google Scholar
• Brodkin, E., & Marston, G. (Eds.) (2013). Work and the welfare state: Street-level organization and workfare politics. Copenhagen: DJOEF.
   Google Scholar
• Caswell, D., Eskelinen, E., & Olesen, S. P. (2013). Identity work and client resistance underneath the canopy of active employment policy. Qualitative Social Work, 12(1), 8–23. doi: 10.1177/1473325011413629
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caswell, D., & Larsen, F. (2017). Frontline work in the delivery of Danish activation policies – and how governance, organizational and occupational contexts shape this. In R. Van Berkel, D. Caswell, P. Kupka, & F. Larsen (Eds.), Frontline delivery of welfare-to-work policies in Europe: Activating the unemployed (pp. 163–180). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cook, G., Gerrish, K., & Clarke, C. (2001). Decision-making in teams: Issues arising from two UK evaluations. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 15, 141–151. doi: 10.1080/13561820120039874
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dall, T., & Caswell, D. (2017). Expanding or postponing? Patterns of negotiation in multi-party interactions in social work. Discourse & Communication. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/1467-9566.00271, 1–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drew, P., Toerien, M., Irvine, A., & Sainsbury, R. (2010). A study of language and communication between advisers and claimants in work focused interviews (Research Report No. 633). Norwich: Department for Work and Pensions.
   Google Scholar
• Dunn, A. (2013). Activation workers’ perceptions of their long-term unemployed clients’ attitudes towards employment. Journal of Social Policy, 42(4), 799–817. doi: 10.1017/S0047279413000317
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French, P. A. (1991). The spectrum of responsibility. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, C., & White, S. (2005). Looking inside professional practice: Discourse, narrative and ethnographic approaches to social work and counselling. Qualitative Social Work, 4(4), 379–390. doi: 10.1177/1473325005058642
   Google Scholar
• Hammerstad, G. T., Andenæs, E., Gundrosen, S., & Sarangi, S. (2016). Discourse types and (re)distribution of responsibility in simulated emergency team encounters. Communication and Medicine, 13(1), 51–71. doi: 10.1558/cam.32148
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, H. C., & Natland, S. (2017). The working relationship between social worker and service user in an activation policy context. Nordic Social Work Research, 7(2), 101–114. doi: 10.1080/2156857X.2016.1221850
   Google Scholar
• Hasenfeld, Y. (2010). Organizational responses to social policy: The case of welfare reform. Administration in Social Work, 34(2), 148–167. doi: 10.1080/03643101003608976
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hitzler, S. (2011). Fashioning a proper institutional position: Professional identity work in the triadic structure of the care planning conference. Qualitative Social Work, 10(3), 293–310. doi: 10.1177/1473325011409476
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hjörne, E., Juhila, K., & van Nijnatten, C. (2010). Negotiating dilemmas in the practices of street-level welfare work. International Journal of Social Welfare, 19(3), 303–309. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2397.2010.00721.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jessen, J., & Tufte, P. (2014). Discretionary decision-making in a changing context of activation policies and welfare reforms. Journal of Social Policy, 43(2), 269–288. doi: 10.1017/S0047279413000998
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juhila, K., Raitakari, S., & Hall, C. (2017). Responsibilisation at the margins of welfare services. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff, R. T. (2016). Taking ‘responsibility’: From word to discourse. In J. O. Östman & A. Solin (Eds.), Discourse and responsibility in professional settings (pp. 19–36). Bristol: Equinox.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen, F. (2013). Active labor-market reform in Denmark: The role of governance in policy change. In E. Brodkin & G. Marston (Eds.), Work and the welfare state: Street-level organizations and workfare politics (pp. 103–123). Copenhagen: DJOEF.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen, F., & Wright, S. (2014). Interpreting the marketization of employment services in Great Britain and Denmark. Journal of European Social Policy, 24(5), 455–469. doi: 10.1177/0958928714543903
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen, J. E. (2005). The active society and activation policy: Ideologies, contexts and effects. In J. G. Andersen, A. Guillemard, P. H. Jensen, & B. Pfau-Effinger (Eds.), The changing face of welfare: Consequences and outcomes from a citizenship perspective (pp. 134–150). Bristol: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lijlegreen, A. (2012). Pragmatic professionalism: Micro-level discourse in social work. European Journal of Social Work, 15(3), 295–312. doi: 10.1080/13691457.2010.543888
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindsay, C., & Houston, D. (2013). Fit for work? Representations and explanations of the disability benefits ‘crisis’ in the UK and beyond. In C. Lindsay & D. Houston (Eds.), Disability benefits, welfare reform and employment policy (pp. 1–14). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Lindqvist, R., & Lundälv, J. (2017). Activation, medicalisation and inter-organisational cooperation in health insurance – implications for frontline social work in Sweden. European Journal of Social Work, 15(4), 1–12 doi:10.1080/13691457.2017.1293010.
   Google Scholar
• Lipsky, M. (2010). Street-level bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the individual in public services. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Malmberg-Heimonen, I. E. (2015). Social workers’ training evaluated by a cluster-randomized study: Reemployment for welfare recipients? Research on Social Work Practice, 25(6), 643–653. doi: 10.1177/1049731515569357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matarese, M. (2012). ‘Getting placed’ in time: Responsibility talk in caseworker–client interaction. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Professional Practice, 9(3), 341–359. doi: 10.1558/japl.v9i3.20843
   Google Scholar
• McDonald, C., & Chenoweth, L. (2009). (Re) shaping social work: An Australian case study. The British Journal of Social Work, 39(1), 144–160. doi: 10.1093/bjsw/bcm094
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Møller, M., & Stone, D. (2013). Disciplining disability under Danish active labour market policy. Social Policy & Administration, 47(5), 586–604. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9515.2012.00835.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noordegraaf, M. (2007). From ‘pure’ to ‘hybrid’ professionalism: Present-day professionalism in ambiguous public domains. Administration and Society, 39(6), 761–785. doi: 10.1177/0095399707304434
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raeymaeckers, P., & Dierckx, D. (2013). To work or not to work? The role of the organisational context for social workers’ perceptions on activation. British Journal of Social Work, 43(6), 1170–1189. doi: 10.1093/bjsw/bcs048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves, S., Lewin, S., Espin, S., & Zwarenstein, M. (2010). Promoting partnership for health: Interprofessional teamwork for health and social care. Chichester: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, C. (n.d.). Transcription. London: King’s College London. Retrieved from https://www.kcl.ac.uk/sspp/departments/education/research/Research-Centres/ldc/knowledge-transfer/DATA/qualitative.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, C., & Sarangi, S. (1999). Introduction: Negotiating and legitimating roles and identities. In S. Sarangi & C. Roberts (Eds.), Talk, work and institutional order: Discourse in medical, mediation and management settings (pp. 1–57). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, C., & Sarangi, S. (2005). Theme-oriented discourse analysis of medical encounters. Medical Education, 39, 632–640. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02171.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Røysum, A. (2013). The reform of the welfare services in Norway: One office – one way of thinking? European Journal of Social Work, 16(5), 708–723. doi: 10.1080/13691457.2012.722982
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saario, S., & Raitakari, S. (2010). Contractual audit and mental health rehabilitation: A study of formulating effectiveness in a Finnish supported housing unit. International Journal of Social Welfare, 19, 321–329. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2397.2010.00726.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sainsbury, R. (2008). Administrative justice, discretion and the ‘welfare to work’ project. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 30(4), 323–338. doi: 10.1080/09649060802580995
   Google Scholar
• Solin, A., & Östman, J. O. (2015). Introduction: Discourse and responsibility. Journal of Applied Linguistics and Professional Practice, 8(3), 287–294. doi: 10.1558/japl.v9i3.20841
   Google Scholar
• Solvang, I. (2017). Discretionary approaches to social workers’ personalisation of activation services for long-term welfare recipients. European Journal of Social Work, 20(4), 536–547. doi: 10.1080/13691457.2016.1188777
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toerien, M., Sainsbury, R., Drew, P., & Irvine, A. (2013). Putting personalisation into practice: Work-focused interviews in jobcentre plus. Journal of Social Policy, 42, 309–327. doi: 10.1017/S0047279412000980
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Berkel, R. (2017). State of the art in frontline studies of welfare-to-work: A literature review. In R. Van Berkel, D. Caswell, P. Kupka, & F. Larsen (Eds.), Frontline delivery of welfare-to-work policies in Europe: Activating the unemployed (pp. 12–35). New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Van Berkel, R., Caswell, D., Kupka, P., & Larsen, F. (Eds.) (2017). Frontline delivery of welfare-to-work policies in Europe: Activating the unemployed. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Van Berkel, R., & Van der Aa, P. (2012). Activation work: Policy programme administration or professional service provision? Journal of Social Policy, 41, 493–510. doi: 10.1017/S0047279412000062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Berkel, R., Van der Aa, P., & Van Gestel, N. (2010). Professionals without a profession? Redesigning case management in Dutch local welfare agencies. European Journal of Social Work, 13(4), 447–463. doi: 10.1080/13691451003603455
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Nijnatten, C., Hoogsteder, M., & Suurmond, J. (2001). Communication in care and coercion: Institutional interactions between family supervisors and parents. British journal of social work, 31, 705–720. doi: 10.1093/bjsw/31.5.705
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar