Marginalised Dalits in International Labour Migration: Reconfiguring Economic and Social Relations in Nepal

References

• Adhikari, J., and M. Hobley. 2013. Everyone Is Leaving–who Will Sow Our Fields? The Effects of Migration from Khotang District to the Gulf and Malaysia. Kathmandu: Nepal Institute of Development Studies (NIDS).
   Google Scholar
• Ali, S. 2007. “‘Go West Young Man’: The Culture of Migration among Muslims in Hyderabad, India.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 33 (1): 37–58. doi:10.1080/13691830601043489.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appadurai, A. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Vol. 1. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bista, D. B. 1991. Fatalism and Development: Nepal's Struggle for Modernization. Hyderabad: Orient Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Vol. 16. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bruslé, T. 2012. “What Kind of Place is this? Daily Life, Privacy and the Inmate Metaphor in a Nepalese Workers’ Labour Camp (Qatar).” South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal 6: 1–25.
   Google Scholar
• Cameron, M. 1998. On the Edge of the Auspicious: Gender and Caste in Nepal. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cameron, M. 2010. “Considering Dalits and Political Identity in Imagining a New Nepal.” Himalaya 27 (1): 13–26.
   Google Scholar
• Caplan, P. A. 1972. Priests and Cobblers: A Study of Social Change in a Hindu Village in Western Nepal. London: Chandler.
   Google Scholar
• Carswell, G., and G. De Neve. 2014. “T-shirts and Tumblers: Caste, Dependency and Work under Neoliberalisation in South India.” Contributions to Indian Sociology 48 (1): 103–131. doi:10.1177/0069966713502423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coe, C. 2011. “What is the Impact of Transnational Migration on Family Life? Women's Comparisons of Internal and International Migration in a Small Town in Ghana.” American Ethnologist 38 (1): 148–163. doi:10.1111/j.1548-1425.2010.01298.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. H., and İ. Sirkeci. 2011. Cultures of Migration. Austin: University of Texas Press.
   Google Scholar
• de Haan, A., and B. Rogaly. 2002. “Introduction: Migrant Workers and Their Role in Rural Change.” The Journal of Development Studies 38 (5): 1–14. doi:10.1080/00220380412331322481.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deliège, R. 1999. The Untouchables of India. Translated by Nora Scott. Oxford: Berg.
   Google Scholar
• Dumont, L. 1981. Homo Hierarchicus: The Caste System and Its Implications. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Folmar, S. 2010. “Identity Politics among Dalits in Nepal.” Himalaya 27 (1): 41–53.
   Google Scholar
• Gardner, A. M. 2011. “Gulf Migration and the Family.” Journal of Arabian Studies 1 (1): 3–25. doi:10.1080/21534764.2011.576043.
   Google Scholar
• Gardner, K. 1995. Global Migrants, Local Lives: Travel and Transformation in Rural Bangladesh: Travel and Transformation in Rural Bangladesh. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gidwani, V., and K. Sivaramakrishnan. 2003. “Circular Migration and the Spaces of Cultural Assertion.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 93 (1): 186–213. doi:10.1111/1467-8306.93112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta, D. 2005. “Caste and Politics: Identity over System.” Annual Review of Anthropology 34 (1): 409–427. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120649.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guru, G., ed. 2009. Humiliation: Claims and Context. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Haines, D. W. 2007. “Labor, Migration, and Anthropology: Reflections from the Work of Philip L. Martin.” City and Society 19 (1): 60–71. doi:10.1525/city.2007.19.1.60.
   Google Scholar
• Halfacree, K. H., and P. J. Boyle. 1993. “The Challenge Facing Migration Research: The Case for a Biographical Approach.” Progress in Human Geography 17 (3): 333–348. doi:10.1177/030913259301700303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IDSN. 2013. Caste Discrimination. International Dalit Solidarity Network (IDSN). Accessed March 13, 2012. http://idsn.org/caste-discrimination/.
   Google Scholar
• Ilahiane, H. 2001. “The Social Mobility of the Haratine and the Re-Working of Bourdieu's Habitus on the Saharan Frontier, Morocco.” American Anthropologist 103 (2): 380–394. doi:10.1525/aa.2001.103.2.380.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaspar, H. 2005. ‘I am the Household Head Now!’: Gender Aspects of Out-migration for Labour in Nepal. Kathmandu: Nepal Institute of Development Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Kisan, Y. B. 2005. The Nepali Dalit Social Movement. Kathmandu: Legal Rights Protection Society.
   Google Scholar
• Kurien, P. A. 2002. Kaleidoscopic Ethnicity: International Migration and the Reconstruction of Community Identities in India. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Levitt, P. 1998. “Social Remittances: Migration Driven Local-level Forms of Cultural Diffusion.” International Migration Review 32 (4): 926–948. doi:10.2307/2547666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, P. L., M. Abella, and C. Kuptsch. 2006. Managing Labor Migration in the Twenty-first Century. New Haven: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McHugh, K. E. 2000. “Inside, Outside, Upside down, Backward, Forward, Round and Round: A Case for Ethnographic Studies in Migration.” Progress in Human Geography 24 (1): 71–89. doi:10.1191/030913200674985472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, D. 1995. “Consumption as the Vanguard of History.” In Acknowledging Consumption: A Review of New Studies, edited by Daniel Miller, 1–52. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, M. B. 1999. Thai Women in the Global Labor Force: Consuming Desires, Contested Selves. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moffatt, M. 1979. An Untouchable Community in South India: Structure and Consensus. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mosse, D., S. Gupta, and V. Shah. 2005. “On the Margins in the City: Adivasi Seasonal Labour Migration in Western India.” Economic and Political Weekly 40 (28): 3025–3038.
   Google Scholar
• Nagy, S. 2006. “Making Room for Migrants, Making Sense of Difference: Spatial and Ideological Expressions of Social Diversity in Urban Qatar.” Urban Studies 43 (1): 119–137. doi:10.1080/00420980500409300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osella, F., and C. Osella. 2000. Social Mobility in Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict. London: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Parish, S. M. 1996. Hierarchy and Its Discontents: Culture and the Politics of Consciousness in Caste Society. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pariyar, M. 2011. Cast(e) in Bone: The Perpetuation of Social Hierarchy among Nepalis in Britain. Centre on Migration, Policy and Society, University of Oxford. Accessed July 10, 2013. https://www.compas.ox.ac.uk/publications/working-papers/wp-11-85/.
   Google Scholar
• Pincus, J. R. 1996. Class Power and Agrarian Change: Land and Labour in Rural West Java. New York: St. Martins Press.
   Google Scholar
• Poertner, E., M. Junginger, and U. Müller-Böker. 2011. “Migration in Far Western Nepal.” Critical Asian Studies 43 (1): 23–47. doi:10.1080/14672715.2011.537850.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogaly, B. 1998. “Workers on the Move: Seasonal Migration and Changing Social Relations in Rural India.” Gender and Development 6 (1): 21–29. doi:10.1080/741922628.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scott, J. 1990. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. New Haven: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Seddon, D., J. Adhikari, and G. Gurung. 2002. “Foreign Labor Migration and the Remittance Economy of Nepal.” Critical Asian Studies 34 (1): 19–40. doi:10.1080/146727102760166581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, J. R. 2013. “Marginal but Modern: Young Nepali Labour Migrants in India.” Young 21 (4): 347–362. doi:10.1177/1103308813506307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shneiderman, S. 2013. “Developing a Culture of Marginality: Nepal's Current Classificatory Moment.” Focaal–Journal of Global and Historical Anthropology 65: 42–55.
   Google Scholar
• Shrestha, N. R. 1988. “A Structural Perspective on Labour Migration in Underdeveloped Countries.” Progress in Human Geography 12 (2): 179–207. doi:10.1177/030913258801200202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silvey, R., and V. Lawson. 1999. “Placing the Migrant.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 89 (1): 121–132. doi:10.1111/0004-5608.00134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark, O. 1991. The Migration of Labor. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Still, C. 2009. “From Militant Rejection to Pragmatic Consensus Caste among Madigas in Andhra Pradesh.” Journal of South Asian Development 4 (1): 7–23. doi:10.1177/097317410900400102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, M. J., M. J. Moran-Taylor, and D. Rodman Ruiz. 2006. “Land, Ethnic, and Gender Change: Transnational Migration and its Effects on Guatemalan Lives and Landscapes.” Geoforum 37 (1): 41–61. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2004.12.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thangarajah, C. 2003. “Veiled Constructions: Conflict, Migration and Modernity in Eastern Sri Lanka.” Contributions to Indian Sociology 37 (1–2): 141–162. doi:10.1177/006996670303700107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thieme, S., and S. Wyss. 2005. “Migration Patterns and Remittance Transfer in Nepal: A Case Study of Sainik Basti in Western Nepal.” International Migration 43 (5): 59–98. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2005.00342.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tingey, C. 1994. Auspicious Music in a Changing Society: The Dāmai Musicians of Nepal. New Delhi: Heritage.
   Google Scholar