Achieving ethnic authenticity through ‘return’ visits to Vietnam: paradoxes of class and gender among the British-born Vietnamese

References

• Alumkal, A. W. 1999. “Preserving Patriarchy: Assimilation, Gender Norms, and Second-generation Korean American Evangelicals.” Qualitative Sociology 22: 127–140. doi: 10.1023/A:1022072008060
   Google Scholar
• Anthias, F. 2013. “Hierarchies of Social Location, Class and Intersectionality: Towards a Translocational Frame.” International Sociology 28 (1): 121–138. doi: 10.1177/0268580912463155
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagwell, S. 2008. “Transnational Family Networks and Ethnic Minority Business Development. The Case of Vietnamese Nail-shops in the UK.” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 14 (6): 377–394. doi: 10.1108/13552550810910960
   Google Scholar
• Bagwell, S. 2015. “Transnational Entrepreneurship Amongst Vietnamese Businesses in London.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41 (2): 329–349. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2014.907739
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barber, T. 2015. Oriental Identities in Super-diverse Britain: Young Vietnamese in London. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Basu, P. 2004. “My Own Island Home: The Orkney Homecoming.” Journal of Material Culture 9 (1): 27–42. doi: 10.1177/1359183504041088
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bélanger, D., and T. G. Linh. 2011. “The Impact of Transnational Migration on Gender and Marriage in Sending Communities of Vietnam.” Current Sociology 59 (1): 59–77. doi: 10.1177/0011392110385970
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1983. “The Forms of Capital.” In Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, edited by J. Richardson, 241–258. New York: Greenwood Press.
   Google Scholar
• Caglar, A. 1995. “German Turks in Berlin: Social Exclusion and Strategies for Social Mobility.” New Community 21: 309–323.
   Google Scholar
• Carruthers, A. 2002. “The Accumulation of National Belonging in Transnational Fields: Ways of Being at Home in Vietnam.” Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power 9 (4): 423–444. doi: 10.1080/10702890214872
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carruthers, A. 2008. “Saigon from the Diaspora.” Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 29 (1): 68–86. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9493.2008.00320.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carruthers, A. 2013. “National Multiculturalism, Transnational Identities.” Journal of Intercultural Studies 34 (2): 214–228. doi: 10.1080/07256868.2013.781984
   Google Scholar
• Chan, Y. W. 2013. “Hybrid Diaspora and Identity-laundering: A Study of the Return Overseas Chinese Vietnamese in Vietnam.” Asian Ethnicity 14 (4): 525–541. doi: 10.1080/14631369.2013.803802
   Google Scholar
• Chan, Y. W., and T. L. T. Tran. 2011. “Recycling Migration and Changing Nationalisms: Vietnamese Return Diaspora and Reconstruction of the Vietnamese Nationhood.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 37 (7): 1101–1117. doi: 10.1080/1369183X.2011.572486
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christou, A. 2006. “Deciphering Diaspora – Translating Transnationalism: Family Dynamics, Identity Constructions and the Legacy of ‘Home’ in Second-generation Greek-American Return Migration.” Journal of Ethnic and Racial Studies 29 (6): 1040–1056. doi: 10.1080/01419870600960297
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christou, A., and R. King. 2010. “Imagining ‘Home’: Diasporic Landscapes of the Greek-German Second Generation.” Geoforum 41 (4): 638–646. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2010.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, E. 1974. “Who is a Tourist? Conceptual Clarification.” Sociological Review 22: 527–555. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-954X.1974.tb00507.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, E. 1979. “A Phenomenology of Tourist Experience.” The Journal of the British Association 13: 179–201.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, R. 1997. Diasporas, the Nation-State and Globalisation. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Dalglish, C. 1989. Refugees from Vietnam. London: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Delaney, C. 1990. “The ‘Hajj’: Sacred and Secular.” American Ethnologist 17 (3): 513–530. doi: 10.1525/ae.1990.17.3.02a00060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duke, K., and T. Marshall. 1995. Vietnamese Refugees Since 1982. London: HMSO.
   Google Scholar
• Duval, D. 2004. “Conceptualizing Return Visits: A Transnational Perspective.” In Tourism, Diasporas, and Space, edited by T. Coles and D. J. Timothy, 50–61. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Eckstein, S. 2009. The Immigrant Divide: How Cuban Americans Changed the US and Their Homeland. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Enneli, P., T. Modood, and H. Bradley. 2005. Young Turks and Kurds: A Set of ‘invisible’ Disadvantaged Groups. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Erel, U. 2010. “Migrating Cultural Capital: Bourdieu in Migration Studies.” Sociology 44 (4): 642–660. doi: 10.1177/0038038510369363
   Google Scholar
• Espiritu, Y. L. 1992. Asian American panethnicity: Bridging identities and institutions. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Espiritu, Y. L., and T. Tran. 2002. “‘Viet Nam, Nuoc Toi’: Vietnamese Americans and Transnationalism.” In The Changing Face of Home: The Transnational Lives of the Second Generation, edited by P. Levitt and M. C. Waters, 367–398. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Faist, T. 2010. “Diaspora and Transnationalism: What Kind of Dance Partners?” In Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods, edited by R. Bauböck and T. Faist, 9–34. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fresnoza-Flot, A., and K. Shinozaki. Forthcoming. “Introduction. Transnational Perspectives on Intersecting Experiences: Gender, Social Class and Generation among Southeast Asian Migrants and Their Families.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. Special Issue on Transnational Perspectives on Intersecting Experiences: Gender, Social Class and Generation among Southeast Asian Migrants and Their Families, edited by K. Shinozaki and A. Fresnoza-Flot.
   Google Scholar
• Hoang, K. K. 2015. Dealing in Desire. Oakland: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• IOM. 2006. The Vietnamese Community in Britain. London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Iskander, N. N. 2010. Creative State. Forty Years of Migration and Development Policy in Morocco and Mexico. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
   Google Scholar
• James, S. 2011. “Vietnamese Londoners: Transnational Identities Through Community Networks” PhD diss., University of London.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, N. C. 2012. “Global Journeys: From Transnationalism to Diaspora.” Journal of International and Global Studies 4 (1): 41–58.
   Google Scholar
• Kasinitz, P., M. Waters, J. Mollenkopf, and M. Anil. 2002. “Transnationalism and the Children of Immigrants in Contemporary New York.” In The Changing Face of Home: The Transnational Lives of the Second Generation, edited by M. C. Waters and P. Levitt, 96–122. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kibria, N. 1995. Family Tightrope: The Changing Lives of Vietnamese Americans. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kibria, N. 2002. Becoming Asian American: Second-generation Chinese and Korean American Identities. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Levitt, P. 2001. The Transnational Villagers. Vol. 46. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Levitt, P. 2009. “Routes and Roots: Understanding the Lives of the Second Generation Transnationally.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 35 (7): 1225–1242. doi: 10.1080/13691830903006309
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, P., and N. Glick Schiller. 2004. “Conceptualizing Simultaneity: A Transnational Social Field Perspective on Society.” International Migration Review 38: 1002–1039. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00227.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, P., and M. Waters. 2002. “Introduction.” In The Changing Face of Home: The Transnational Lives of the Second Generation, edited by P. Levitt and M. Waters, 1–32. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lieu, N. T. 2011. The American Dream in Vietnamese. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Louie, V. 2006. “Growing Up Ethnic in Transnational Worlds: Identities among Second Generation Chinese and Dominicans.” Identities 13 (3): 363–394. doi: 10.1080/10702890600838118
   Google Scholar
• Maruyama, N., and A. Stronza. 2010. “Roots Tourism of Chinese Americans.” Ethnology 49 (1): 23–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, H. 2013. “The Vietnamese Concept of a Feminine Ideal and the iImages of Australian Women in Olga Masters’ Stories.” Gender Forum: An Internet Platform for Gender and Women's Studies 45: 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Office for National Statistics (ONS). 2011. 2011 Census: Aggregate Data (England and Wales; accessed May 21st, 2014). UK Data Service Census Support. http://infuse.mimas.ac.uk
   Google Scholar
• Ong, A. 1999. Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logic of Transnationality. Durham: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, D. 1995. Through Different Eyes: The Cultural Identities of Young Chinese People in Britain. Aldershot: Avebury.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, D. 2000. “The Chinese Takeaway and the Diasporic Habitus: Space, Time and Power Geometrics.” In Un/settled Multiculturalisms, edited by B. Hesse, 73–95. London: Zed Books.
   Google Scholar
• Pham, A. T. 2010. “The Returning Diaspora: Analysing Overseas Vietnamese (Viet kieu) Contributions toward Vietnam’s Economic Growth” DEPOCENWP Working Paper Series, no. 20.
   Google Scholar
• Pluss, C. 2005. “Constructing Globalized Ethnicity: Migrants from India in Hong Kong.” International Sociology 20: 201–224. doi: 10.1177/0268580905052369
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj, D. S. 2003. Where Are You From? Middle-class Migrants in the Modern World. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sims, J. 2007. The Vietnamese Community in Great Britain: Thirty Years on a Runnymede Community Study. London: Runnymede.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, R. C. 2006. Mexican New York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thai, H. C. 2008. For Better or for Worse: Vietnamese International Marriages in the New Global Economy. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thai, H. C. 2011. “Homeland Visits: Transnational Magnified Moments among Low-Wage Immigrant Men.” In At the Heart of Work and Family: Engaging the Ideas of Arlie Russell Hochschild, edited by A. Garey and K. Hansen, 250–261. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thai, H. C. 2014. Insufficient Funds: The Culture of Money in Low-Wage Transnational Families. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, M. 1999. Dreams in the Shadows: Vietnamese-Australian Lives in Transition. St. Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin.
   Google Scholar
• Vertovec, S. 2007. “Super-Diversity and Its Implications.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 30 (6): 1024–1054. doi: 10.1080/01419870701599465
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viviani, N. 1996. The Indochinese in Australia 1975-1996: From Burnt Boats to Barbeques. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, M. 1946. “Class, Status, Party.” In From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, edited by H. H. Girth and C. Wright Mills, 180–195. New York: Oxford University.
   Google Scholar
• Wengraf, T. 2001. Qualitative Research Interviewing: Biographic Narrative and Semi-structured Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Yuval-Davis, N. 1997. Gender and Nation. Sage: London.
   Google Scholar