Non-migrants’ interethnic relationships with migrants: the role of the residential area, the workplace, and attitudes toward migrants from a longitudinal perspective

References

• Allport, Gordon W. 1954. The Nature of Prejudice. Boston: Beacon.
   Google Scholar
• Blalock, Hubert M. 1967. Toward a Theory of Minority Group Relations. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Blalock, Hubert M., and Paul H. Wilken. 1979. Intergroup Processes: A Micro-Macro Perspective. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Blau, Peter M. 1977. “A Macrosociological Theory of Social Structure.” American Journal of Sociology 83: 26–54. doi:10.1086/226505.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blau, Peter M. 1994. Structural Contexts of Opportunities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boschmann, Sanne. 2012. “Residential Segregation and Interethnic Contact in the Netherlands.” Urban Studies 49 (2): 353–367. doi:10.1177/0042098011402236.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. “The Forms of Capital.” In Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, edited by J. Richardson, 241–258. New York: Greenwood.
   Google Scholar
• Byrne, D. 1971. The Attraction Paradigm. New York: Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Coenders, Marcel, Merove Gijsberts, Louk Hagendoorn, and Peer Scheepers. 2004. “Introduction.” In Nationalism and Exclusion of Migrants: Cross-national Comparisons, edited by Merove Gijsberts, Louk Hagendoorn, and Peer Scheepers, 1–25. Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Coser, Lewis. 1956. The Function of Social Conflict. Glencoe: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Damstra, Alyt, and Jean Tillie. 2016. “How Crosscutting Weak Ties Are Established – the Case of Muslims in Europe.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 42 (2): 237–260. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2015.1102046.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Destatis (Statistisches Bundesamt). 1992. Klassifizierung der Berufe – Systematisches und alphabetisches Verzeichnis der Berufsbenennungen. Ausgabe 1992. Stuttgart: Metzler-Poeschel.
   Google Scholar
• Drever, Anita I. 2004. “Separate Spaces, Separate Outcomes? Neighbourhood Impacts on Minorities in Germany.” Urban Studies 41 (8): 1423–1439. doi:10.1080/0042098042000226939.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esser, Hartmut. 1986. “Social Context and Inter-ethnic Relations: The Case of Migrant Workers in West German Urban Areas.” European Sociological Review 2 (1): 30–51. http://www.jstor.org/stable/522455. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.esr.a036404
   Google Scholar
• Esser, Hartmut. 1990. “Nur eine Frage der Zeit? Zur Eingliederung von Migranten im Generationen-Zyklus und zu einer Möglichkeit, Unterschiede hierin zu erklären.” In Generation und Identität. Theoretische und empirische Beiträge zur Migrationssoziologie, edited by Hartmut Esser and Jürgen Friedrichs, 73–100. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Esser, Hartmut. 2006. Sprache und Integration. Die sozialen Bedingungen und Folgen des Spracherwerbs von Migranten. Frankfurt am Main: Campus.
   Google Scholar
• Feld, Scott L. 1981. “The Focused Organization of Social Ties.” American Journal of Sociology 86 (5): 1015–1035. http://www.jstor.org/stable/. doi: 10.1086/227352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerhards, Jürgen, Silke Hans, and Sören Carlson. 2017. Social Class and Transnational Human Capital. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gewerkschaft der Polizei 2011. Bewerbung als Nichtdeutscher oder als EU-Bürger bei der Polizei. Gewerkschaft der Polizei, December 7. Accessed August 8, 2017. http://www.polizei-einstellung.de/bewerbung-als-nichtdeutscher-oder-als-eu-burger-bei-der-polizei/2011/12/07/Accessed 17/06/08.
   Google Scholar
• Goebel, Jan, C. KatharinaSpieß, Nils R. J.Witte, and SusanneGerstenberg. 2007. Die Verknüpfung des SOEP mit MICROM-Indikatoren: Der MICROM-SOEP Datensatz. DIW Data Documentation 26. Berlin: DIW.
   Google Scholar
• Gordon, Milton M. 1964. Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Race, Religion and National Origins. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Granovetter, Mark S. 1973. “The Strength of Weak Ties.” American Journal of Sociology 78 (6): 1360–1380. doi: 10.1086/225469
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallinan, Maureen T. 1982. “Classroom Racial Composition and Children’s Friendships.” Social Forces 61 (1): 56–72. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2578074. doi: 10.1093/sf/61.1.56
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Häußermann, Hartmut. 2007. “Ihre Parallelgesellschaften, unser Problem. Sind Migrantenviertel ein Hindernis für Integration?” Leviathan 35 (4): 458–469. doi: 10.1007/s11578-007-0027-1
   Google Scholar
• Haug, Sonja. 2003. “Intherethnische Freundschaftsbeziehungen und Soziale Integration. Unterschiede in der Ausstattung mit sozialem Kapital bei jungen Deutschen und Immigranten.” Kölner Zeitschfrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 55 (4): 716–736. doi: 10.1007/s11577-003-0118-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heizmann, Boris, and Petra Böhnke. 2016. “Migrant Poverty and Social Capital: The Impact of Intra- and Interethnic Contacts.” Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 46: 73–85. doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2016.08.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalmijn, Matthijs. 1998. “Intermarriage and Homogamy: Causes, Patterns, Trends.” Annual Review of Sociology 24: 395–421. doi:0360-0572/98/0815-0395$08.00 doi: 10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kokkonen, Andrej, Peter Esaiasson, and Mikael Gilljam. 2015. “Diverse Workplaces and Interethnic Friendship Formation – A Multilevel Comparison Across 21 OECD Countries.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41 (2): 284–305. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2014.902300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kouvo, Antti, and Carita Lockmer. 2013. “Imagine All the Neighbours: Perceived Neighbourhood Ethnicity, Interethnic Friendship Ties and Perceived Ethnic Threat in Four Nordic Countries.” Urban Studies 50 (16): 3305–3322. doi:10.1177/0042098013484538.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristen, Cornelia, Peter Mühlau, and Diana Schacht. 2016. “Language Acquisition of Recently Arrived Immigrants in England, Germany, Ireland, and the Netherlands.” Ethnicities 16 (2): 1–33. doi: 10.1177/1468796815616157
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kroh, Martin, Simon Kühne, and Rainer Siegers. 2015. Documentation of Sample Sizes and Panel Attrition in the German Socio Economic Panel (SOEP) (1984 until 2014). SOEP Survey Papers 297. Berlin: DIW.
   Google Scholar
• Lancee, Bram. 2010. “The Economic Returns of Immigrants’ Bonding and Bridging Social Capital: The Case of the Netherlands.” International Migration Review 44 (1): 202–226. doi:10.1111/j.1747-7379.2009.00803.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lancee, Bram, and Anne Hartung. 2012. “Turkish Migrants and Native Germans Compared. The Effects of Inter-ethnic and Intra-ethnic Friendships on the Transition from Unemployment to Work.” International Migration 50 (1): 39–54. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2011.00736.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lancee, Bram, and Verena Seibel. 2014. “Does Rural Origin Affect Immigrants’ Contact with Natives? A Study of Turks in Six European Countries.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 40 (9): 1331–1353. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2013.858591.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazear, Edward P. 1999. “Culture and Language.” Journal of Political Economy 107 (6): S95-–S126. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/250105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longhi, Simonetta, and Alita Nandi. 2014. A Practical Guide to Using Panel Data. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Martinovic, Borja, Frank van Tubergen, and Ineke Maas. 2009a. “Dynamics of Interethnic Contact: A Panel Study of Immigrants in the Netherlands.” European Sociological Review 25 (3): 303–318. doi:10.1093/esr/jcn049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinovic, Borja, Frank van Tubergen, and Ineke Maas. 2009b. “Changes in Immigrants’ Social Integration During the Stay in the Host Country: The Case of Non-Western Immigrants in the Netherlands.” Social Science Research 38: 870–882. doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2009.06.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinovic, Borja, Frank van Tubergen, and Ineke Maas. 2011. “Acquisition of Cross-ethnic Friends by Recent Immigrants in Canada: A Longitudinal Approach.” International Migration Review 45 (2): 460–488. doi:10.1111/j.1747-7379.2011.00854.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinovic, Borja, Frank van Tubergen, and Ineke Maas. 2014. “A Longitudinal Study of Interethnic Contacts in Germany: Estimates from a Multilevel Growth Curve Model.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies: 1–18. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2013.869475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinović, Borja. 2013. “The Inter-Ethnic Contacts of Immigrants and Natives in the Netherlands: A Two-Sided Perspective.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 39 (1): 69–85. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2013.723249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McPherson, Miller, Lynn Smith-Lovin, and James M. Cook. 2001. “Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks.” Annual Review of Sociology 27: 415–444. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petermann, Sören. 2014. “Neighbourhoods and Municipalities as Contextual Opportunities for Interethnic Contact.” Urban Studies 51 (6): 1214–1235. doi:10.1177/0042098013495575.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petermann, Sören, and Karen Schönwälder. 2014. “Immigration and Social Interaction.” European Societies 16 (4): 500–521. doi:10.1080/14616696.2013.865064.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettigrew, Thomas F., and Linda R. Tropp. 2006. “A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup Contact Theory.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90 (5): 751–783. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, Robert D. 2007. “E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the Twenty-First Century. The 2006 Johan Skytte Prize Lecture.” Scandinavian Political Studies 30 (2): 137–174. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9477.2007.00176.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia, and Anders Skrondal. 2005. Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata. College Station: Stata Press.
   Google Scholar
• Savelkoul, Micheal, Jochem Tolsma, and Peer Scheepers. 2014. “Explaining Natives’ Interethnic Friendship and Contact with Colleagues in European Regions.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1–27. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2014.931802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schacht, Diana, Cornelia Kristen, and Ingrid Tucci. 2014. “Interethnische Freundschaften in Deutschland.” Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 66 (3): 445–458. doi:10.1007/s11577-014-0280-7.
   Google Scholar
• Schaeffer, Merlin. 2013. “Inter-ethnic Neighbourhood Acquaintances of Migrants and Natives in Germany: On the Brokering Roles of Inter-ethnic Partners and Children.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 39 (8): 1219–1240. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2013.778147.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlueter, Elmar. 2012. “The Inter-ethnic Friendships of Immigrants with Host-Society Members: Revisiting the Role of Ethnic Residential Segregation.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 38 (1): 77–91. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2012.640017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroedter, Julia H., and Frank Kalter. 2008. “Binationale Ehen in Deutschland. Trends und Mechanismen der sozialen Assimilation.” In Migrationssoziologie (Sonderheft 48 der Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie), edited by Frank Kalter, 351–379. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
   Google Scholar
• Schwarz, Norbert. 2001. “The German Microcensus.” Schmollers Jahrbuch 121: 649–654.
   Google Scholar
• Snijders, Tom, and Roel Bosker. 1999. Multilevel Analysis. An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Multilevel Modeling. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• SOEP Group. 2017. SOEP-Core v32 – PPFAD. SOEP Survey Papers 415: Series D – Variable Descriptions and Coding. Berlin: DIW Berlin.
   Google Scholar
• Tajfel, Henri. 1982. “Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations.” Annual Review of Psychology 33: 1–39. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.000245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Laan Bouma-Doff, Wenda. 2007. “Confined Contact: Residential Segregation and Ethnic Bridges in the Netherlands.” Urban Studies 44 (5): 997–1017. doi:10.1080/00420980701255965.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Tubergen, Frank. 2014. “Ethnic Boundaries in Core Discussion Networks: A Multilevel Social Network Study of Turks and Moroccans in the Netherlands.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2014.886955.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verbrugge, Lois M. 1979. “Multiplexity in Adult Friendships.” Social Forces 57 (4): 1286–1309. doi:10.2307/2577271 doi: 10.1093/sf/57.4.1286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner, Gert G., Joachim R. Frick, and Jürgen Schupp. 2007. “The German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) – Scope, Evolution and Enhancements.” Schmollers Jahrbuch 127 (1): 139–169.
   Google Scholar
• Wagner, Ulrich, Oliver Christ, Thomas F. Pettigrew, Jost Stellmacher, and Carina Wolf. 2006. “Prejudice and Minority Proportion: Contact Instead of Threat Effects.” Social Psychology Quarterly 69 (4): 380–390. doi: 10.1177/019027250606900406
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner, Ulrich, Rolf van Dick, Thomas F. Pettigrew, and Oliver Christ. 2003. “Ethnic Prejudice in East and West Germany: The Explanatory Power of Intergroup Contact.” Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 6 (1): 22–36. doi: 10.1177/1368430203006001010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wooldridge, Jeffrey M. 2009. Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach. Mason, OH: South-Western.
   Google Scholar
• Zelinsky, Wilbur, and Barrett A Lee. 1998. “Heterolocalism: an Alternative Model of the Socio-spatial Behaviour of Immigrant Ethnic Communities.” Population, Space and Place 4 (4): 281–298. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1220(199812)4:4<281::AID-IJPG108>3.0.CO;2-O.
   Google Scholar