Experimental paracoccidioidomycosis: alternative therapy with ajoene, compound from Allium sativum, associated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

References

• McEwen JG, Garcia AM, Ortiz BL, Botero S, Restrepo A. In search of the natural habitat of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Arch Med Res 1995; 26: 305–306
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wanke B, Londero AT. Epidemiology and paracoccidioidomycosis infection. Paracoccidioidomycosis, M Franco, CS Lacaz, A Restrepo, G del Negro. CRC press, Boca Raton 1994; 109–117
   Google Scholar
• Coutinho ZF, Silva D, Lazera M, et al. Paracoccidioidomycosis mortality in Brazil (1980–1995). Cad Saude Publica 2002; 18: 1441–1454
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Franco M. Host-parasite relationships in paracoccidioidomycosis. J Med Vet Mycol 1987; 25: 5–18
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Calich VL, Singer-Vermes LM, Russo M, Vaz CA, Burger E. Immunogenetics in Paracoccidioidomycosis. Paracoccidioidomycosis, M Franco, CS Lacaz, A Restrepo, G Del Negro. CRC Press, Boca Raton 1994; 151–173
   Google Scholar
• Mota NG, Rezkallah-Iwasso MT, Peracoli MT, et al. Correlation between cell-mediated immunity and clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1985; 79: 765–772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musatti CC, Peracoli MTS, Soares AMVC, Rezkallah-Iwasso MT. Cell-mediated immunity in patients with paracoccidiodomycosis. Paracoccidioidomycosis, M Franco, CS Lacaz, A Restrepo, G del Negro. CRC Press, Boca Raton 1994; 175–186
   Google Scholar
• Ledezma E, Apitz-Castro R. Ajoene the main active compound of garlic (Allium sativum): a new antifungal agent]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2006; 23: 75–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yamada Y, Azuma K. Evaluation of the in vitro antifungal activity of allicin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1977; 11: 743–749
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• San-Blas G, Marino L, San-Blas F, Apitz-Castro R. Effect of ajoene on dimorphism of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. J Med Vet Mycol 1993; 31: 133–141
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ledezma E, DeSousa L, Jorquera A, et al. Efficacy of ajoene, an organosulphur derived from garlic, in the short-term therapy of tinea pedis. Mycoses 1996; 39: 393–395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Blanco M, Valles RH, Zeppenfeldt GF, Apitz-Castro R. Ajoene and 5-fluorouracil in the topical treatment of Cladophialophora carrionii chromoblastomycosis in humans: a comparative open study. Med Mycol 2003; 41: 517–520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Restrepo A, Arango MD. In vitro susceptibility testing of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis to sulfonamides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1980; 18: 190–194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apitz-Castro R, Ledezma E, Escalante J, et al. Reversible prevention of platelet activation by (E,Z)-4,5,9-trithiadodeca-1,6,11-triene 9-oxide (ajoene) in dogs under extracorporeal circulation. Arzneimittel-Forschung 1988; 38: 901–904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shadomy HJ, Wood-Helie S, Shadomy S, Dismukes WE, Chau RY. Biochemical serogrouping of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1987; 6: 131–138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castaneda E, Brummer E, Perlman AM, McEwen JG, Stevens DA. A culture medium for Paracoccidioides brasiliensis with high plating efficiency, and the effect of siderophores. J Med Vet Mycol 1988; 26: 351–358
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghannoum MA, Rex JH, Galgiani JN. Susceptibility testing of fungi: current status of correlation of in vitro data with clinical outcome. J Clin Microbiol 1996; 34: 489–495
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seibold M, Tintelnot K. Susceptibility testing of fungi-current status and open questions Prog Drug Res 2003; Spec No: 2: 191–241.
   Google Scholar
• Wenisch C, Moore CB, Krause R, et al. Antifungal susceptibility testing of fluconazole by flow cytometry correlates with clinical outcome. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 2458–2462
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apitz-Castro R, Ledezma E, Escalante J, Jain MK. The molecular basis of the antiplatelet action of ajoene: direct interaction with the fibrinogen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1986; 141: 145–150
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adetumbi M, Javor GT, Lau BH. Allium sativum (garlic) inhibits lipid synthesis by Candida albicans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1986; 30: 499–501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• San-Blas G, San-Blas F, Gil F, Marino L, Apitz-Castro R. Inhibition of growth of the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by ajoene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989; 33: 1641–1644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debouzy JC, Neumann JM, Herve M, et al. Interaction of antiaggregant molecule ajoene with membranes. An ESR and 1H, 2H, 31P-NMR study. Eur Biophys J 1989; 17: 211–216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallwitz H, Bonse S, Martinez-Cruz A, et al. Ajoene is an inhibitor and subversive substrate of human glutathione reductase and Trypanosoma cruzi trypanothione reductase: crystallographic, kinetic, and spectroscopic studies. J Med Chem 1999; 42: 364–372
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida S, Kasuga S, Hayashi N, et al. Antifungal activity of ajoene derived from garlic. App Environ Microbiol 1987; 53: 615–617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis SR, Perrie R, Apitz-Castro R. The in vitro susceptibility of Scedosporium prolificans to ajoene, allitridium and a raw extract of garlic (Allium sativum). J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 51: 593–597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis LE, Shen J, Royer RE. In vitro synergism of concentrated Allium sativum extract and amphotericin B against Cryptococcus neoformans. Planta Medica 1994; 60: 546–549
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Travassos LR, Taborda CP, Iwai LK, Cunha Neto E, Puccia R. The gp43 from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: a major diagnostic antigen and vaccine candidate. The mycota XII human fungal pathogens, GS Kobayashi. Berlin-Heildeberg, Springer-Verlag 2004; 279–296
   Google Scholar
• Marques AF, da Silva MB, Juliano MA, Travassos LR, Taborda CP. Peptide immunization as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in mice challenged intratracheally with virulent yeast cells of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50: 2814–2819
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar