References
- Forouzanfar MH, Liu P, Roth GA, et al. Global burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mm hg, 1990–2015. JAMA 2017;317:165-82
- Olsen MH, Angell SY, Asma S, et al. A call to action and a lifecourse strategy to address the global burden of raised blood pressure on current and future generations: the Lancet commission on hypertension. Lancet 2016;388:2665-712
- Mills KT, Bundy JD, Kelly TN, et al. Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control: a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries. Circulation 2016;134:441-50
- Lawes CM, Vander Hoorn S, Law MR, et al. Blood pressure and the global burden of disease 2000. Part II: estimates of attributable burden J Hypertens 2006;24:423-30
- Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. heart disease and stroke statistics—2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:18-209
- Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2016 update. a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;133:38-360
- Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, et al. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet 2005;365:217-23
- Cohen JD. Hypertension epidemiology and economic burden: refining risk assessment to lower costs. Manag Care 2009;18:51-8
- Wang G, Fang J, Ayala C. Hypertension-associated hospitalizations and costs in the United States, 1979–2006. Blood Press 2014;23:126-33
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. High blood pressure facts. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention 2016. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm [Last accessed August 2018]
- Carey RM, Whelton PK. 2017. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association hypertension guidelines: a resource for practicing clinicians. Ann Intern Med 2018;168:359-60
- Thomopoulos C, Parati G, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood pressure lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension: 7. effects of more vs less intensive blood pressure lowering and different achieved blood pressure levels – updated overview and meta-analyses of randomized trials. J Hypertens 2016;34:613-22
- Xie X, Atkins E, Lv J, et al. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2016;387:435-43
- Bangalore S, Toklu B, Gianos E, et al. Optimal systolic blood pressure target after SPRINT: insights from a network meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Med 2017;130:707-19
- Bundy JD, Li C, Stuchlik P, et al. Systolic blood pressure reduction and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol 2017;2:775-81
- Hopkins AL, Lamm MG, Funk JL, et al. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in the treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia: a comprehensive review of animal and human studies. Fitoterapia 2013;85:84-94
- Lackland DT, Roccella EJ, Deutsch AF, et al. Factors influencing the decline in stroke mortality. A statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014;45:315-53
- Materson BJ, Reda DJ, Cushman WC, et al. Single-drug therapy for hypertension in men. A comparison of six antihypertensive agents with placebo. The Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. N Engl J Med 1993;328:914-21
- Gong Y, McDonough CW, Wan Z, et al. Hypertension susceptibility loci and blood pressure response to antihypertensives: results from the pharmacogenomic evaluation of antihypertensive responses study. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2012;5:686-91
- Teixeira SK, Pereira AC, Krieger JE. Genetics of resistant hypertension: the missing heritability and opportunities. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018;20:48
- James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, et al. 2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the eighth joint national committee. JAMA 2014;311:507-20
- Farooq U, Ray SG. 2014 Guideline for the management of high blood pressure (eighth joint national committee): take-home messages. Med Clin North Am 2015;99:733-8
- Niiranen TJ, McCabe EL, Larson MG, et al. Heritability and risks associated with early onset hypertension: multigenerational, prospective analysis in the framingham heart study. BMJ 2017;357;j1949
- Hiltunen TP, Donner KM, Sarin AP, et al. Pharmacogenomics of hypertension: a genome-wide, placebo-controlled cross-over study, using four classes of antihypertensive drugs. J Am Heart Assoc 2015;4:001521
- Schwartz GL, Turner ST, Sing CF. Twenty-four-hour blood pressure profiles in normotensive sons of hypertensive parents. Hypertension 1992;20:834-40
- Hopkins PN, Hunt SC. Genetics of hypertension. Genet Med 2003;5:413-29
- Gong Y, Wang Z, Beitelshees AL, et al. Pharmacogenomic genome-wide meta-analysis of blood pressure response to beta-blockers in hypertensive african americans. Hypertension 2016;67:556-63
- Chapman AB, Schwartz GL, Boerwinkle E, et al. Predictors of antihypertensive response to a standard dose of hydrochlorothiazide for essential hypertension. Kidney Int 2002;61:1047-55
- Turner ST, Schwartz GL, Chapman AB, et al. WNK1 kinase polymorphism and blood pressure response to a thiazide diuretic. Hypertension 2005;46:758-65
- Canzanello VJ, Baranco-Pryor E, Rahbari-Oskoui F, et al. Predictors of blood pressure response to the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan in essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2008;21:61-6
- Shahin MH, Gong Y, McDonough CW, et al. A genetic response score for hydrochlorothiazide use: insights from genomics and metabolomics integration. Hypertension 2016;68:621-9
- Salfati E, Morrison AC, Boerwinkle E, et al. Direct estimates of the genomic contributions to blood pressure heritability within a population-based cohort (ARIC). PLoS One 2015;10:0133031
- Meng Y, Groth S, Quinn JR, et al. An exploration of gene-gene interactions and their effects on hypertension. Int J Genomics 2017;2017:7208318
- Johnson MW, Sprissler R, Olson T, et al. Multi-gene pharmacogenetics and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. FASEB J 2016. Available at: https://www.fasebj.org/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.942.1 [Last accessed August 2018]
- Sleight P. The HOPE study (heart outcomes pevention evaluation). J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2000;1:18-20
- Neaton JD, Gimm RH Jr, Prineas RJ, et al. Treatment of mild hypertension study. Final results. Treatment of mild hypertension study research group. JAMA 1993;270:713-24
- Gu Q, Burt VL, Dillon CF, et al. Trends in antihypertensive medication use and blood pressure control among united states adults with hypertension: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2010. Circulation 2012;126:2105-14
- Johnson MW, Sprissler R, Olson T, et al. Time to blood pressure control according to drug class in patients with hypertension. FASEB J 2016. Available at: https://www.fasebj.org/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.941.12 [Last accessed August 2018]
- Gupta P, Patel P, Strauch B, et al. Risk factors for nonadherence to antihypertensive treatment. Hypertension 2017;69:1113-20
- Ghiassi S, Morton J, Bellatorre N, et al. Short-term medication cost savings for treating hypertension and diabetes after gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012;8:269-74
- Machlin SR, Adams SA. Expenses for office-based physician visits by specialty. Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2015. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. USA 2015. Available at: https://meps.ahrq.gov/data_files/publications/st484/stat484.pdf [Last accessed August 2018]
- Hajjar I, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA. Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control. Annu Rev Public Health 2006;27:465-90
- Bakris G, Molitch M, Hewkin A, et al. Difference in glucose tolerance between fixed-dose antihypertensive drug combinations in people with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 2006;29:2592-7
- Johnson JA, Turner ST. Hypertension pharmacogenomics: current status and future directions. Curr Opin Mol Ther 2005;7:218-25
- Krushkal J, Ferrell R, Mockrin SC, et al. Genome-wide linkage analyses of systolic blood pressure using highly discordant siblings. Circulation 1999;99:1407-10
- Salvi E, Wang Z, Rizzi F, et al. Genome-wide and gene-based meta-analyses identify novel loci influencing blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide. Hypertension 2017;69:51-9
- Shin J, Johnson JA. Pharmacogenetics of beta-blockers. Pharmacotherapy 2007;27:874-87
- Wang L, Dong C, Xi YG, et al. Thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl– cotransporter: genetic polymorphisms and human diseases. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin 2015;47:325-34
- Pacanowski MA, Gong Y, Cooper-Dehoff RM, et al. Beta-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and beta-blockade treatment outcomes in hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008;84:715-21
- Reshetnikov EA, Akulova LY, Dobrodomova IS, et al. The insertion-deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene is associated with increased blood pressure in women at the end of pregnancy. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2013;16:623-32
- Goracy I, Dawid G, Loniewska B, et al. Genetics of the renin-angiotensin system with respect to cardiac and blood pressure phenotypes in healthy newborn infants. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Sys 2012;14:337-47