The biomedicalisation of reproductive ageing: reproductive citizenship and the gendering of fertility risk

References

• ACOGS. (2015). Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2015. Testing and interpreting measures of ovarian reserve: A committee opinion. Fertility and Sterility, 103(3), e9–e17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams, V., Murphy, M., & Clarke, A. E. (2009). Anticipation: Technoscience, life, affect, temporality. Subjectivity, 28(1), 246–265.
   Google Scholar
• Allahbadia, G. N. (2016). Social egg freezing: Developing countries are not exempt. Journal of Obstet Gynaecol India, 66(4), 213–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ASRM. (2015). Testing and interpreting measures of ovarian reserve: A committee opinion. Fertility and Sterility, 103(30), 9–17.
   Google Scholar
• Balasch, J., & Gratacos, E. (2012). Delayed childbearing: Effects on fertility and the outcome of pregnancy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 24(3), 187–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldwin, K. (2018). Conceptualising women’s motivations for social egg freezing and experience of reproductive delay. Sociology of Health and Illness, 40(5), 859–873.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldwin, K. (2019). Egg freezing, fertility and reproductive choice: Negotiating hope, responsibility and modern motherhood. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, K., & Culley, L. (2018). Women’s experience of social egg freezing: Perceptions of success, risks, and ‘going it alone’. Human Fertility. doi:10.1080/14647273.2018.1522456
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, K., Culley, L., Hudson, N., & Mitchell, H. (2018). Running out of time: Exploring women’s motivations for social egg freezing. Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 12:, 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Barnes, L. W. (2014). Conceiving masculinity: male infertility, medicine, and identity.philadelphia. Temple University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, G, & Nachtigall, R. D. (1992). Eager for medicalisation: the social production of infertility as a disease. Sociology Of Health And Illness, 14(4), 456-471. doi:10.1111/shil.1992.14.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergnéhr, D. (2009). Social influence and the timing of parenthood. Interpersonal, 3(1), 61–83.
   Google Scholar
• Bhatia, R, & Campo-Engelstein, L. (2018). The biomedicalization of social egg freezing: a comparative analysis of european and american professional ethics opinions and us news and popular media. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 43(5), 864-887.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatia, R., & Campo-Engelstein, L. (2018). The biomedicalization of social egg freezing: A comparative analysis of European and American professional ethics opinions and US news and popular media. Science, Technology, & Human Values. doi:10.1177/0162243918754322
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boivin, J., Bunting, L., & Gameiro, S. (2013). Cassandra’s prophecy: A psychological perspective. Why we need to do more than just tell women. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 27(1), 11–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britt, E. C. (2014). Conceiving normalcy: Rhetoric, law, and the double binds of infertility. Alabama: University of Alabama Press.
   Google Scholar
• Budds, K., Locke, A., & Burr, V. (2013). “Risky business” constructing the “choice” to “delay” motherhood in the British press. Feminist Media Studies, 13(1), 132–147.
   Google Scholar
• Bunting, L., & Boivin, J. (2008). Knowledge about infertility risk factors, fertility myths and illusory benefits of healthy habits in young people. Human Reproduction, 23(8), 1858–1864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carolan, M. (2005). “Doing it properly”: The experience of first mothering over 35 years. Health Care for Women International, 26(9), 764–787.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll, K., & Kroløkke, C. (2018). Freezing for love: Enacting ‘responsible’reproductive citizenship through egg freezing. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 20(9), 992–1005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke, A. E. (2010). Biomedicalization. In Durham, north carolina. United States: Wiley Online Library.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, A. E., Shim, J. K., Mamo, L., Fosket, J. R., & Fishman, J. R. (2003). Biomedicalization: Technoscientific transformations of health, illness, and U.S. Biomedicine. American Sociological Review, 68(2), 161–194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coveney, C., Gabe, J., & Williams, S. (2011). The sociology of cognitive enhancement: Medicalisation and beyond. Health Sociology Review, 20(4), 381–393.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croen, L. A., Najjar, D. V., Fireman, B., & Grether, J. K. (2007). Maternal and paternal age and risk of autism spectrum disorders. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(4), PP.334–340.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cummins, M. W. (2014). Reproductive surveillance: The making of pregnant docile bodies. Kaleidoscope: A Graduate Journal of Qualitative Communication Research, 13, 33–51.
   Google Scholar
• Daniluk, J. C., & Koert, E. (2017). Between a rock and a hard place: The reasons why women delay childbearing. International Journal of Healthcare, 3(1), 76.
   Google Scholar
• Daniluk, J. C, Koert, E, & Cheung, A. (2012). Childless women’s knowledge of fertility and assisted human reproduction: identifying the gaps. Fertility and Sterility, 97(2), 420-426. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.11.046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, M. J., Rumbold, A. R., & Moore, V. M. (2017). Assisted reproductive technologies: A hierarchy of risks for conception, pregnancy outcomes and treatment decisions. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 8(4), 443–447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De kok, B. C. (2013). Infertility and relationships: The importance of constructions in context. Families, Relationships and Societies, 2(1), 23–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dierickx, S., Rahbari, L., Longman, C., Jaiteh, F., & Coene, G. (2018). ‘I am always crying on the inside’: A qualitative study on the implications of infertility on women’s lives in urban Gambia. Reproductive Health, 15(1), P.151.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dobrzykowski, T., & Noerager stern, P. (2003). Out of sync: A generation of first-time mothers over 30. Health Care for Women International, 24(3), 242–253.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Domingues, T. S., Rocha, A. M., & Serafini, P. C. (2010). Tests for ovarian reserve: Reliability and utility. Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 22(4), 271–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everywoman, J. (2013). Cassandra’s prophecy: Why we need to tell the women of the future about age-related fertility decline and ‘delayed’ childbearing. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 27(1), 4–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faircloth, C., & Gürtin, Z. B. (2017). Fertile connections: Thinking across assisted reproductive technologies and parenting culture studies. Sociology, 52(5), 983-1000.
   Google Scholar
• Foster, C., Watson, M., Moynihan, C., Ardern-Jones, A., & Eeles, R. (2002). Genetic testing for breast and ovarian cancer predisposition: Cancer burden and responsibility. Journal of Health Psychology, 7(4), 469–484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foucault, M. (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. A. Sheridan, Trans. New York, NY: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Goisis, A. (2015). How are children of older mothers doing? evidence from the United Kingdom. Biodemography and Social Biology, 61(3), 231–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldman, R. H, Racowsky, C, Farland, L. V, Munné, S, Ribustello, L, & Fox, J. H. (2017). Predicting the likelihood of live birth for elective oocyte cryopreservation: a counseling tool for physicians and patients. Human Reproduction, 32(4), 853-859. doi:10.1093/humrep/dex008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goold, I., & Savulescu, J. (2009). In favour of freezing eggs for non-medical reasons. Bioethics, 23(1), 47–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosden, R., & Rutherford, A. (1995). Delayed childbearing. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 311(7020), 1585–1586.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gregory, E. (2007). Why women are embracing the new later motherhood. New York, USA: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Hallgrimsdottir, H. K., & Benner, B. E. (2013). ‘Knowledge is power’: Risk and the moral responsibilities of the expectant mother at the turn of the twentieth century. Health, Risk & Society, 16(1), 7–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer, R., & Inglin, S. (2013). ‘I don’t think it’s risky, but … ’: Pregnant women’s risk perceptions of maternal drinking and smoking. Health, Risk & Society, 16(1), 22–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harper, J., Boivin, J., O’Neill, H. C., Brian, K., Dhingra, J., Dugdale, G., Edwards, G., Emmerson, L., Grace, B., Hadley, A., & Hamzic, L. (2017). The need to improve fertility awareness. Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online, 4, 18-20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harper, J., Boivin, J., O’neill, H. C., Brian, K., Dhingra, J., Dugdale, G., … Hamzic, L. (2017). The need to improve fertility awareness. Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online, 4, 18–20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hashiloni-Dolev, Y., Kaplan, A., & Shkedi-Rafid, S. (2011). The fertility myth: Israeli students’ knowledge regarding age-related fertility decline and late pregnancies in an era of assisted reproduction technology. Human Reproduction, 26(11), 3045–3053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkes, D., & Joshi, H. (2012). Age at motherhood and child development: Evidence from the UK millennium cohort. National Institute Economic Review, 222(1), R52–R66.
   Google Scholar
• Heffner, L. J. (2004). Advanced maternal age–How old is too old. National England Journal of Medicine, 351(19), 1927–1929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HFEA. (2016). Fertility treatment 2014: Trends and figures. London: Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority.
   Google Scholar
• Hinton, L., & Miller, T. (2013). Mapping men’s anticipations and experiences in the reproductive realm:(In) fertility journeys. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 27(3), 244252.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland, K., Mccallum, K., & Walton, A. (2016). ‘I’m not clear on what the risk is’: Women’s reflexive negotiations of uncertainty about alcohol during pregnancy. Health, Risk & Society, 18(1–2), 38–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hookway, N., Elmer, S., & Frandsen, M. (2017). Risk, morality and emotion: Social media responses to pregnant women who smoke. Health, Risk & Society, 19(5–6), 246–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hvidman, H. W, Petersen, K. B, Larsen, E. C, Macklon, K. T, Pinborg, A, & Nyboe Andersen, A. (2015). Individual fertility assessment and pro-fertility counselling; should this be offered to women and men of reproductive age?. Human Reproduction, 30(1), 9-15. doi:10.1093/humrep/deu305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, B., Quinlan, M. M., & Myers, J. (2017). Commerce, industry, and security: Biomedicalization theory and the use of metaphor to describe practitioner–patient communication within fertility, inc. Women’s Reproductive Health, 4(2), 89–105.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, S. L., Dunleavy, J., Gemmell, N. J., & Nakagawa, S. (2015). Consistent age-dependent declines in human semen quality: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 19, 22–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenny, L. C, Lavender, T, McNamee, R, O’Neill, S. M, Mills, T, & Khashan, A. S. (2013). Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome: evidence from a large contemporary cohort. Plos One, 8(2), e56583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klemetti, R., Gissler, M., Sainio, S., & Hemminki, E. (2014). Associations of maternal age with maternity care use and birth outcomes in primiparous women: A comparison of results in 1991 and 2008 in Finland. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 121(3), 356–362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lock, M., Kaufert, P. A., & Harwood, A. (EDS.) (1998). Pragmatic women and body politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Locke, A., & Budds, K. (2013). ‘We thought if it’s going to take two years then we need to start that now’: Age, infertility risk and the timing of pregnancy in older first-time mothers. Health, Risk & Society, 15(6–7), 525–542.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupton, D. (1999). Risk and the ontology of pregnant embodiment. In D. Lupton (Ed.), Risk and sociocultural theory: New directions and perspectives (pp. 59–85). New York, NY: Cambridge UP.
   Google Scholar
• Lupton, D. (2015). Quantified sex: A critical analysis of sexual and reproductive self-tracking using apps. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 17(4), 440–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupton, D., & Thomas, G. M. (2015). Playing pregnancy: The ludification and gamification of expectant motherhood in smartphone apps. M/C Journal, 18, 5.
   Google Scholar
• Mac dougall, K., Beyene, Y., & Nachtigall, R. D. (2012). ‘Inconvenient biology:’ advantages and disadvantages of first-time parenting after age 40 using in vitro fertilization. Human Reproduction, 27(4), 1058–1065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maheshwari, A., Fowler, P., & Bhattacharya, S. (2006). Assessment of ovarian reserve–Should we perform tests of ovarian reserve routinely? Human Reproduction, 21(11), 2729–2735.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mamo, L., & Fertility, INC. (2010). Consumption and subjectification in US lesbian reproductive practices in Clarke, A. E., Shim, J. K., Mamo, L., Fosket, J. R., & Fishman, (eds) Biomedicalization: Technoscience, Health and Illness, Duke University Press, Durham 173-196.
   Google Scholar
• Margolis, R., & Myrskylä, M. (2011). A global perspective on happiness and fertility. Population Development Review, 37(1), 29–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Osterman, M. J. K., et al. (2018) Births: Final data for 2017 (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistics Reports Vol 67, no 8). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Martin, L. (2010). Anticipating infertility: Egg freezing, genetic preservation, and risk. Gender and Society, 24(4), 526–545.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayes, C., Williams, J., & Lipworth, W. (2017). Conflicted hope: Social egg freezing and clinical conflicts of interest.Health Sociology Review, 27(1), 45-59.
   Google Scholar
• Mertes, H. (2013). The portrayal of healthy women requesting oocyte cryo-preservation. Facts. Views & Vision in ObGyn, 5(2), 141–146.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mills, M., Rindfuss, R. R., McDonald, P., te Velde, E., & ESHRE Reproductionand Society Task Force. (2011). Why do people postpone parenthood? Reasons and social policy incentives. Human Reproduction Update, 17(6), 848–860.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills, M., RINDFUSS, R. R., MCDONALD, P., & TE VELDE, E.; ESHRE REPRODUCTION AND SOCIETY TASK FORCE. (2011). Why do people postpone parenthood? reasons and social policy incentives. Human Reproduction Update, 17(6), 848–860.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohr, S., & Koch, L. (2016). Transforming social contracts: The social and cultural history of IVF in Denmark. Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online, 2, 88–96.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Myrskylä, M., Barclay, K., & Goisis, A. (2017). Advantages of later motherhood. Der Gynäkologe, 50(10), 767–772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oakley, A. (1980). Women confined: Toward a sociology of childbirth. New York. Schocken Books.
   Google Scholar
• Olafsdottir, H., Wikland, M., & Möller, A. (2011). Reasoning about timing of wanting a child: A qualitative study of nordic couples from fertility clinics. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 29(5), 493–505.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ONS. (2015). Statistical bulletin: Birth characteristics in England and Wales: 2014. Office for National Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• ONS. (2016). Statistical bulletin: Birth characteristics in England and Wales: 2015. Office for National Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• ONS. (2018). Statistical bulletin: Birth characteristics in England and Wales: 2016. Office for National Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Petersen, K., Sylvest, R., Nyboe Andersen, A., Pinborg, A., Westring Hvidman, H., & Schmidt, L. (2016). Attitudes towards family formation in cohabiting and single childless women in their mid-to late thirties. Human Fertility, 19(1), 48–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potdar, N., Gelbaya, T. A., & Nardo, L. G. (2014). Oocyte vitrification in the 21st century and post-warming fertility outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 29(2), 159–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, J. (2019). Buying reassurance: Uptake of non-invasive prenatal testing among pregnant women of advanced maternal age in China. Health, Risk & Society, 1–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichenberg, A., Gross, R., Weiser, M., Bresnahan, M., Silverman, J., Harlap, S., … Knobler, H. Y. (2006). Advancing paternal age and autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(9), 1026–1032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Remennick, L. (2000). Childless in the land of imperative motherhood: Stigma and coping among infertile Israeli women. Sex Roles, 43(11–12), 821–841.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rienzi, L., Gracia, C., Maggiulli, R., Labarbera, A. R., Kaser, D. J., Ubaldi, F. M., … Racowsky, C. (2017). Oocyte, embryo and blastocyst cryopreservation in ART: Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing slow-freezing versus vitrification to produce evidence for the development of global guidance. Human Reproduction Update, 23(2), 139–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romain, T. (2012). Freedom. finally.”: cultivating hope in the face of uncertain futures among egg-freezing women. The anthropology of ignorance: an ethnographic approach. Eds. Romain, T. Hampshire: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Rose, N. (2007). The politics of life itself: Biomedicine, power, and subjectivity in the twenty-first century. Princeton New Jersey:Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rothman, B. K. (1986). The tentative pregnancy: Prenatal diagnosis and the future of motherhood. New York: Norton and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Sandelowski, M. (1991). Compelled to try: The never‐enough quality of conceptive technology. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 5(1), 29–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, L., Sobotka, T., Bentzen, J. G., & Nyboe Andersen, A.; ESHRE REPRODUCTION AND SOCIETY TASK FORCE. (2011). Demographic and medical consequences of the postponement of parenthood. Human Reproduction Update, 18(1), 2943.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shkedi-Rafid, S., & Hashiloni-Dolev, Y. (2011). Egg freezing for age-related fertility decline: Preventive medicine or a further medicalization of reproduction? Analyzing the new Israeli policy. Fertility & Sterility, 96(2), 291–294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smajdor, A. (2009). Between fecklessness and selfishness: Is there a biologically optimal time for motherhood?. In Reprogen-ethics and the future of gender (pp. 105–117).  Cham Switzerland: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Sobotka, T., & Beaujouan, É. (2018). Late motherhood in low-fertility countries: Reproductiveintentions, trends and consequences. In Preventing age related fertility loss (pp. 11–29). Cham Switzerland: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Southby, C., Cooke, A., & Lavender, T. (2019). ‘It’s now or never’—Nulliparous women’s experiences of pregnancy at advanced maternal age: A grounded theory study. Midwifery, 68, 1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spallone, P., & Steinberg, D. L. (1987). Made to order: The myth of reproducti veand genetic progress. OSpallone, P., & Steinberg, D. L. (1987). Made to order: The myth of reproductiveand genetic progress. Oxford: Pergamon Press.xford: Pergamon Press..
   Google Scholar
• Stanworth, M. (1987). Reproductive technologies: Gender, motherhood and medicine. Oxford:Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stengel, C. (2013). The risk of being ‘too honest’: Drug use, stigma and pregnancy. Health, Risk & Society, 16(1), 36–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoop, D. (2016). Oocyte vitrification for elective fertility preservation: Lessons for patient counseling. Fertility and Sterility, 105(3), 603–604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutcliffe, A. G., Barnes, J., Belsky, J., Gardiner, J., & Melhuish, E. (2012). The health and development of children born to older mothers in the United Kingdom: Observational study using longitudinal cohort data. BMJ, 345, e5116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, G. M., & Lupton, D. (2015). Threats and thrills: Pregnancy apps, risk and consumption. Health, Risk & Society, 17 (7-8), 495-509.
   Google Scholar
• Throsby, K. (2004). When IVF fails: Feminism, infertility and the negotiation of normality. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Tremellen, K., & Savulescu, J. (2014). Ovarian reserve screening: A scientific and ethical analysis. Human Reproduction, 29(12), 2606–2614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trillingsgaard, T., & Sommer, D. (2018). Associations between older maternal age, use of sanctions, and children’s socio-emotional development through 7, 11, and 15 years. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 15(2), 141–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tydén, T., et al. (2006). Female university students’ attitudes to future motherhood and their understanding about fertility. The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care, 11(3), 181–189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von wolff, M., Germeyer, A., & Nawroth, F. (2015). Fertility preservation for non-medical reasons: Controversial, but increasingly common. Deutsches Arzteblatt International, 112(3), 27–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldby, C. (2014). ‘Banking time’: Egg freezing and the negotiation of future fertility. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 17(4), 470–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiebe, E., Chalmers, A., & Yager, H. (2012). Delayed motherhood: Understanding the experiences of women older than age 33 who are having abortions but plan to become mothers later. Canadian Family Physician, 58(10), e588–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyndham, N., Marin Figueira, P. G., & Patrizio, P. (2012). A persistent misperception: Assisted reproductive technology can reverse the “aged biological clock”. Fertility and Sterility, 97(5), 1044–1047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ylänne, V. (2016). Too old to parent? Discursive representations of late parenting in the British press. Discourse & Communication, 10(2), 176–197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zammit, S., Allebeck, P., Dalman, C., Lundberg, I., Hemmingson, T., Owen, M. J., & Lewis, G. (2003). Paternal age and risk for schizophrenia. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 183(5), 405–408.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ziadeh, S., & Yahaya, A. (2001). Pregnancy outcome at age 40 and older. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 265(1), 30–33.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar