Ultrasound scans as risk rituals in obstetric prenatal care in South Africa

References

• Akanmode, A. M., & Mahdy, H. (2023) Macrosomia. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557577/
   Google Scholar
• Alaszewski, A. (2015). Anthropology and risk: Insights into uncertainty, danger and blame from other cultures – a review essay. Health, Risk & Society, 17(3–4), 205–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2015.1070128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaszewski, A., & Coxon, K. (2009). Uncertainty in everyday life: Risk, worry and trust. Health, Risk and Society, 11(3), 201–207. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698570902906454
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arney, W. R. (1982). Power and the profession of obstetrics. University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Betran, A. P., Torloni, M. R., Zhang, J. J., & Gülmezoglu, A. M., & for the WHO Working Group on Caesarean Section. (2016). WHO statement on caesarean section rates. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 123(5), 667–670. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bisits, A. (2016). Risk in obstetrics – perspectives and reflections. Midwifery, 38, 12–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.05.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bown, S. (2012). Counting the cost: The ever-increasing price of litigation. Casebook, 20( 1), www.mpsinternationalconference.org%5Cnwww.medicalprotection.org
   Google Scholar
• Bricker, L., Medley, N., & Pratt, J. J. (2015). Routine ultrasound in late pregnancy (after 24 weeks’ gestation). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 6(CD001451). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001451.pub4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown, P. (2020). Studying COVID-19 in light of critical approaches to risk and uncertainty: Research pathways, conceptual tools, and some magic from Mary Douglas. Health, Risk & Society, 22(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2020.1745508
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton-Jeangros, C. (2011). Surveillance of risks in everyday life: The agency of pregnant women and its limitations. Social Theory & Health, 9(4), 419–436. https://doi.org/10.1057/sth.2011.15
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahill, H. (1999). An orwellian scenario: Court ordered caesarean section and women’s autonomy. Nursing Ethics, 6(6), 494–505. https://doi.org/10.1177/096973309900600605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chadwick, R. J., & Foster, D. (2014). Negotiating risky bodies: Childbirth and constructions of risk. Health, Risk & Society, 16(1), 68–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2013.863852
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coetzee, E. J. (2010). The spectre of litigation - a dark cloud on the obstetric horizon. Obstetrics and Gynaecology Forum, 20(4), 109–111. https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC73375
   Google Scholar
• Competition Commission South Africa. (2019). Health Market enquiry Final findings and recommendations report. https://www.scribd.com/document/428065570/Health-Market-Inquiry-Final-findings-and-recommendations-report
   Google Scholar
• Council for Medical Schemes. (2020). Epidemiology and trends of caesarean section births in the medical schemes’ population, 2015 – 2018. Policy, Research and Monitoring: Research Brief 1. Caesarean section births - Research Brief 1 of 2020.pdf (medicalschemes.com).
   Google Scholar
• Daniels, N. M. (2021). Obstetric-Risk Objects: A Multi-Site, Feminist Ethnography of Private-Sector Obstetric, Maternal and Unborn Caring Concerns in Cape Town [ Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cape Town. https://open.uct.ac.za/handle/11427/35491
   Google Scholar
• Dinnie, D., & Bodiat, A. (2019, July). Natmed medical Defence review (2nd ed.). Natmed Medical Defence (Pty) Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Doucet, A., & Mauthner, N. S. (2007). Feminist methodologies and epistemology. In Chpt 5 In C. D. Bryant & D. L. Peck (Eds.), Handbook of 21st Century sociology (pp. 36–43). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, M. (2001). Purity and danger: An analysis of concept of pollution and taboo. Routledge. (Original work published 1966)
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, M. (2003). Risk and blame. Essays in cultural theory. Routledge. ( Original work published 1992)
   Google Scholar
• DSC Law. (2020, August 11). Are rocketing numbers of c-sections in South Africa contributing to maternal deaths? DSC Law Attorneys. https://www.dsclaw.co.za/articles/are-rocketing-numbers-of-c-sections-in-south-africa-contributing-to-maternal-deaths/
   Google Scholar
• Duden, B. (1993). Disembodying women. Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Froehlich, R. (2016). The association of estimated fetal weight and cesarean delivery in women attempting vaginal delivery at term. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 214(1), S385–386. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001571
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hannerz, U. (2003). Being there … and there … and there! Reflections on multisite ethnography. Ethnography, 4(2), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/14661381030042003
   Google Scholar
• Hesse-Biber, S. N., & Leavy, P. L. (2006). Feminist Research practice - a primer. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Howarth, G., & Behrman, T. (2020). Culpable homicide cases becoming increasingly common. Medical Chronicle, 3. https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC-1c8d528be0
   Google Scholar
• H. v Fetal Assessment Centre. (2015). ZACC 34. http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZACC/2014/34.html
   Google Scholar
• Jordan, B. 1993. Birth in four cultures. A cross-cultural investigation of childbirth in Yucatan, Holland, Sweden and the United States (4th ed.). Waveland Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kuan, C. (2020). Understanding technology in birth care from the experiences of Taiwanese obstetricians. East Asian Science, Technology & Society: An International Journal, 14(1), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1215/18752160-8234240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little, S. E., Edlow, A. G., Thomas, A. M., & Smith, N. A. (2012). Estimated fetal weight by ultrasound: a modifiable risk factor for cesarean delivery? American Journal Obstetrics & Gynecology, 207(309), e1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.065
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lupton, D. (2013). The social worlds of the unborn. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Lyerly, A. D., Mitchell, L. M., Armstrong, E. M., Harris, L. H., Kukla, R., Kuppermann, M., & Little, M. O. (2007). Risks, values, and decision-making surrounding pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 109(4), 979–984. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000258285.43499.4b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyerly, A. D., Mitchell, L. M., Armstrong, E. M., Harris, L. H., Kukla, R., Kuppermann, M., & Little, M. O. (2009). Risk and the pregnant body. Hastings Center Report, 39(6), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1353/hcr.0.0211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malherbe, J. (2013). Counting the cost: The consequences of increased medical malpractice litigation in South Africa. South African Medical Journal, 10(2), 83–84. https://doi.org/10.7196/samj.6457
   Google Scholar
• Mason, J. (2006). Mixing methods in a qualitatively driven way. Qualitative Research, 6(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794106058866
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, L. M. (2001). Baby’s first picture: Ultrasound and the politics of fetal subjects. University of Toronto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, S. (2020). Risk rituals and the female life-course: Negotiating uncertainty in the transitions to womanhood and motherhood. Health, Risk and Society, 22(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2019.1676403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, S., & Burgess, A. (2011). Risk rituals? Journal of Risk Research, 14(1), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2010.505347
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, T. (2013). Cut it out: The C-Section epidemic in America. New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mosime, J. S., Reddy, N., & Karodia, A. M. (2016). Investigating the impact of medical malpractice litigation on healthcare delivery in Gauteng. Journal of Research and Development, 2(11), 149–192. https://doi.org/10.12816/0027163
   Google Scholar
• Naidoo, S. (2010, June 6). Thousands of doctors ‘negligent’. Sunday Times. https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/2010-06-06-thousands-of-doctors-negligent/
   Google Scholar
• Natmed. (2019, January). Natmed medical Defence review (1st ed.). Natmed Medical Defence (Pty) Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Ngoepe, K. (2016, February 17). SA has one of the world’s most expensive private healthcare systems – WHO. News 24, SA has one of the world’s most expensive private healthcare systems – WHO | Health24 (news24.com)
   Google Scholar
• Oosthuizen, W., & Carstens, P. (2015). Medical malpractice: The extent, consequences and causes of the problem. THRHR: Journal of Contemporary Roman-Dutch Law, 78(103), 269–284. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2693960
   Google Scholar
• Pasveer, B., & Akrich, M. (2001). Obstetrical trajectories. On training women/bodies for (home)birth. In R. De Vries, C. Benoit, E. Van Teijlingen, & S. Wrede (Eds.), Birth by design: Pregnancy, maternity care and midwifery in North America and Europe (pp. 229–242). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Power, M. (1997). The audit Society: Rituals of verification. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ramazanoglu, C., & Holland, J. (2002). Feminist methodology. Challenges and choices. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, J. (2012). The visualised foetus: A cultural and political analysis of ultrasound imagery. Ashgate Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Rucell, J. (2017). Obstetric Violence & Colonial Conditioning in South Africa’s Reproductive Health System [ Doctoral dissertation]. University of Leeds. https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20747
   Google Scholar
• Silal, S., Penn-Kekana, L., Harris, B., Birch, S., & McIntyre, D. (2012). Exploring inequalities in access to and use of maternal health services in South Africa. BMC Health Services Research, 12(120), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-12-120
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• South African Law Reform Commission. (2017). Project 141. Medico-Legal Claims, Issue paper 33. https://www.justice.gov.za/salrc/ipapers/ip33_prj141_Medico-legal.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Spencer, L., Ritchie, J., O’Connor, W., Morrell, G., & Ormston, R. (2014). Analysis in practice. In L. Spencer, J. Lewis, C. M. Nicholls, & R. Ornston (Eds.), Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers (2nd ed., pp. 296–309). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics South Africa. (2021). General Household Survey. GHS 2020 P0318 (statssa.gov.za)
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, J. S. (2008). The public life of the fetal sonogram: Technology, consumption, and the politics of reproduction. Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, G., Roberts, J., & Griffiths, F. (2017). Ultrasound as a technology of reassurance? How pregnant women and health care professionals articulate ultrasound reassurance and its limitations. Sociology of Health & Illness, 39(6), 893–907. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.12554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topçu, S. (2019). Caesarean or vaginarean epidemics? Techno-birth, risk and obstetric practice in Turkey. Health, Risk & Society, 21(3–4), 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2019.1641588
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wabiri, N., Chersich, M., Shisana, O., Blaauw, D., Rees, H., & Dwane, N. (2016). Growing inequities in maternal health in South Africa: A comparison of serial national household surveys. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 16(256), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-1048-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Whitworth, M., Bricker, L., & Mullan, C. (2015). Ultrasound for fetal assessment in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7(CD007058). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007058.pub3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zadoroznyj, M. (1999). Social class, social selves and social control in childbirth. Sociology of Health & Illness, 21(3), 267–289. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.00156
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar