Functional magnetic resonance imaging sequential-finger movement activation differentiating good and poor writers

REFERENCES

• Abbott , R and Berninger , V. 1993 . Structural equation modeling of relationships among developmental skills and writing skills in primary and intermediate grade writers . Journal of Educational Psychology , 85 : 478 – 508 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alamargot , D. and Chanquoy , L. 2001 . Through the models of writing , Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , S. , Damasio , A. and Damasio , H. 1990 . Troubled letters but not numbers. Domain specific cognitive impairments following focal damage in frontal cortex . Brain , 113 : 749 – 760 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basso , A. , Taborelli , A. and Vignolo , L. 1978 . Dissociated disorders of speaking and writing in aphasia . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry , 41 : 556 – 563 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckmann , C. , Jenkinson , M. and Smith , S. 2003 . General multi-level linear modeling for group analysis in fMRI . NeuroImage , 20 : 1052 – 1063 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckmann , C. F and Smith , S. M. 2004 . Probabilistic independent component analysis for functional magnetic resonance imaging . IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging , 23 : 137 – 152 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. 2000 . Development of language by hand and its connections to language by ear, mouth, and eye . Topics in Language Disorders , 20 : 65 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. 2001 . Process Assessment of the Learner (PAL) Test Battery for Reading and Writing , San Antonio, TX : The Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. 2007 . Process Assessment of the Learner , 2nd , San Antonio, TX : The Psychological Corporation . Diagnostic for Reading and Writing (PAL-II RW)
   Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. , Cartwright , A. , Yates , C. , Swanson , H. L. and Abbott , R. 1994 . Developmental skills related to writing and reading acquisition in the intermediate grades: Shared and unique variance . Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal , 6 : 161 – 196 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. and Fuller , F. 1992 . Gender differences in orthographic, verbal, and compositional fluency: Implications for diagnosis of writing disabilities in primary grade children . Journal of School Psychology , 30 : 363 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. , Nielsen , K. , Abbott , R. , Wijsman , E. and Raskind , W. 2008 . Writing problems in developmental dyslexia: Under-recognized and under-treated . Journal of School Psychology , 46 : 1 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. and O'Donnell , L. 2004 . “ Research-supported differential diagnosis of specific learning disabilities ” . In WISC-IV clinical use and interpretation , Edited by: Prifitera , A. , Saklofske , D. , Weiss , L. and Rolfhus , E. 189 – 233 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. and Richards , T. 2002 . Brain literacy for educators and psychologists , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. , Richards , T. and Abbott , R . 2009 . “ Paper presented at writing in all its states conference, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France ” . In The role of the hand in written idea expression
   Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. and Rutberg , J. 1992 . Relationship of finger function to beginning writing: Application to diagnosis of writing disabilities . Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology , 34 : 198 – 215 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berninger , V. , Yates , C. , Cartwright , A. , Rutberg , J. , Remy , E. and Abbott , R. 1992 . Lower-level developmental skills in beginning writing . Reading and Writing. An Interdisciplinary Journal , 4 : 257 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth , J. , Cho , S. , Burman , D. and Bitan , T. 2007 . Neural correlates of mapping from phonology to orthography in children performing an auditory spelling task . Developmental Science , 10 : 441 – 451 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Demie , F. 2001 . Ethnic and gender differences in educational achievement and implications for school improvement strategies . Educational Research , 43 : 91 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denckla , M. 1973 . Development of speed in repetitive and successive finger movements in normal children . Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology , 15 : 635 – 645 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewey , D. and Bottos , S. 2004 . “ Neuroimaging of developmental motor disorders ” . In Developmental motor disorders. A neuropsychological perspective , Edited by: Dewey , D. and Tupper , D. 26 – 43 . New York : Guilford .
   Google Scholar
• E-Prime Version 1.1 (1996–2002). [Computer Software]. Pittsburg, PA: Psychology Software Tools http://www.pstnet.com/products/e-prime/
   Google Scholar
• Exner , S. 1881 . Untersuchungen űber die Lokalisation der Funktionen in der Grosshirnrinde des Menschen , Vienna : Wilhelm Braumuller .
   Google Scholar
• FSL (Version 3.3) [Computer Software]. Oxford, UK: FMRIB's Software Library. www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl
   Google Scholar
• Hayes , J. R. and Chenoweth , N. 2006 . Is working memory involved in the transcribing and editing of texts? . Written Communication , 23 : 135 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes , J. R. and Flower , L. S. 1980 . “ Identifying the organization of writing processes ” . In Cognitive processes in writing: An interdisciplinary approach , Edited by: Gregg , L. and Steinberg , E. 3 – 30 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• James , K. H. and Gauthier , I. 2006 . Letter processing automatically recruits a sensory–motor brain network . Neuropsychologia , 44 : 2937 – 2949 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkinson , M. , Bannister , P. , Brady , M. and Smith , S. 2002 . Improved optimisation for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images . NeuroImage , 17 : 825 – 841 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkinson , M. and Smith , S. 2001 . A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images . Medical Image Analysis , 5 : 143 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katanoda , K. , Yashikawa , K. and Sugishita , M. 2001 . A functional MRI study on the neural substrates for writing . Human Brain Mapping , 13 : 34 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lashley , K. S. 1951 . “ The problem of serial order in behavior ” . In Cerebral mechanisms in behavior , Edited by: Jeffress , L. A. 112 – 131 . New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Liberman , A. T. 1999 . The reading researcher and the reading teacher need the right theory of speech . Scientific Studies of Reading , 3 : 95 – 111 .
   Google Scholar
• Longcamp , M. , Anton , J. L , Roth , M. and Velay , J. L. 2003 . Visual presentation of single letters activates a premotor area involved in writing . NeuroImage , 19 : 1492 – 1500 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luria , A. R. 1973 . The working brain , New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , D. and Hoover , H. 1987 . Sex differences in educational achievement: A longitudinal study . Journal of Early Adolescence , 7 : 65 – 83 .
   Google Scholar
• Matsuo , K. , Kato , C. , Tanaka , S. , Sugio , T. , Matsuzawa , M. Inui , T. 2001 . Visual language and handwriting movement: Functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3 tesla during generation of ideographic characters . Brain Research Bulletin , 55 : 549 – 554 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mostofsky , S. H. , Rimrodt , S. L. , Schafer , J. G. , Boyce , A. , Goldberg , M. C. Pekar , J. J. 2006 . Atypical motor and sensory cortex activation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of simple sequential finger tapping . Biological Psychiatry , 59 : 48 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Psychological Corporation . 2002 . Wechsler Individual Achievement Test– , Second , San Antonio, TX : Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Richards , T. , Aylward , E. , Berninger , V. , Field , K. , Parsons , A. Richards , A. 2006 . Individual fMRI activation in orthographic mapping and morpheme mapping after orthographic or morphological spelling treatment in child dyslexics . Journal of Neurolinguistics , 19 : 56 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards , T. and Berninger , V. 2009 . “ The writing brain within a working memory architecture ” . In Handbook of writing: A mosaic of perspectives and views , Edited by: Grigorenko , E. , Mambrino , E. and Preiss , D. New York : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Richards , T. , Berninger , V. and Fayol , M. 2009 . FMRI activation differences between 11-year-old good and poor spellers’ access in working memory to temporary and long-term orthographic representations . Journal of Neurolinguistics. , Advance online publication. Retrieved from doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2008.11.002.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts , T. , Disbrow , E. , Roberts , H. and Rowley , H. 2000 . Quantification and reproducibility of tracking cortical extent of activation by use of functional MR imaging and magnetoencephalography . American Journal of Neuroradiology , 21 : 1377 – 1387 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith , S. M. 2002 . Fast robust automated brain extraction . Human Brain Mapping , 17 : 143 – 155 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , S. M. , Jenkinson , M. , Woolrich , M. W. , Beckmann , C. F. , Behrens , T. E. J. Johansen-Berg , H. 2004 . Advances in functional and structural MR image analysis and implementation as FSL . NeuroImage , 23 : 208 – 219 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , H. G. 1987 . “ The meaning and value of soft signs ” . In Soft neurological signs , Edited by: Tupper , D. 297 – 335 . New York : Grune & Stratton .
   Google Scholar
• Tegeler , C. , Strother , S. , Anderson , J. and Kim , S.-G. 1999 . Reproducibility of bold-based functional MRI obtained at 4 T . Human Brain Mapping , 7 : 267 – 283 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Temple , E. , Poldrack , R. , Salidis , J. , Deutsch , G. , Tallal , P. Merzenich , M. 2001 . Disrupted neural responses to phonological and orthographic processing in dyslexic children: An fMRI study . NeuroReport , 12 : 299 – 307 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tupper , D. 1998 . “ The issues of soft signs ” . In Soft neurological signs , Edited by: Tupper , D. 1 – 16 . Orlando, FL : Grune & Stratton .
   Google Scholar
• Van Mier , H. , Temple , L. , Perlmutter , J. , Raichle , M. and Petersen , S. 1998 . Changes in brain activity during motor learning measured with PET: Effects of hand performance and practice . Journal of Neurophysiology , 80 : 2177 – 2199 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolff , P. , Gunnoe , C and Cohen , C. 1983 . Associated movements as a measure of developmental age . Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology , 25 : 417 – 429 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolrich , M. W. , Ripley , B. D. , Brady , J. M. and Smith , S. M. 2001 . Temporal autocorrelation in univariate linear modelling of fMRI data . NeuroImage , 14 : 1370 – 1386 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worsley , K. J. , Evans , A. C. , Marrett , S. and Neelin , P. 1992 . A three-dimensional statistical analysis for CBF activation studies in human brain . Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism , 12 : 900 – 918 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar