565
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Patients with major depression show greater memory improvement if motivation is increased: An exploratory study under real-life-like conditions

ORCID Icon, &
Pages 307-318 | Received 16 May 2019, Accepted 24 Dec 2019, Published online: 09 Jan 2020

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5th edition (DSM-5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing.
  • Beblo, T., Kunz, M., Brokate, B., Scheurich, A., Weber, B., Albert, A., … Lautenbacher, S. (2010). [Construction of a questionnaire for complaints of cognitive disturbances in patients with mental disorders]. Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie, 21, 143–151.
  • Beblo, T., Lahr, D., & Hartje, W. (2005). The impact of neuropsychological testing on the emotional state of patients with major depression. Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie, 16, 15–21.
  • Beblo, T., Sinnamon, G., & Baune, B. T. (2011). Specifying the neuropsychology of affective disorders: Clinical, demographic and neurobiological factors. Neuropsychology Review, 21, 337–359.
  • Beck, A. T. (2008). The evolution of the cognitive model of depression and its neurobiological correlates. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 969–977.
  • Benitez, A., Horner, M. D., & Bachman, D. (2011). Intact cognition in depressed elderly veterans providing adequate effort. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 26, 184–193.
  • Bournes, D. A., & Mitchell, G. J. (2002). Waiting: The experience of persons in a critical care waiting room. Research in Nursing & Health, 25(1), 58–67.
  • Bowie, C. R., Gupta, M., Holshausen, K., Jokic, R., Best, M., & Milev, R. (2013). Cognitive remediation for treatment-resistant depression: Effects on cognition and functioning and the role of online homework. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201, 680.
  • Chaytor, N., & Schmitter-Edgecombe, M. (2003). The ecological validity of neuropsychological tests: A review of the literature on everyday cognitive skills. Neuropsychology Review, 13, 181–197.
  • Chelazzi, L., Perlato, A., Santandrea, E., & Della Libera, C. (2013). Rewards teach visual selective attention. Vision Research, 85, 58–72.
  • Choi, J., Choi, K. H., Reddy, L. F., & Fiszdon, J. M. (2014). Measuring motivation in schizophrenia: Is a general state of motivation necessary for task-specific motivation? Schizophrenia Research, 153(1–3), 209–213.
  • Choi, J., Mogami, T., & Medalia, A. (2010). Intrinsic motivation inventory: An adapted measure for schizophrenia research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36, 966–976.
  • Choi, K.-H., Fiszdon, J. M., & Bell, M. D. (2013). Beyond cognition - a longitudinal investigation of the role of motivation during a vocational rehabilitation program. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 201, 173–178.
  • Cléry-Melin, M.-L., Schmidt, L., Lafargue, G., Baup, N., Fossati, P., & Pessiglione, M. (2011). Why don’t you try harder? An investigation of effort production in major depression. PloS One, 6, e23178.
  • Cohen, R. M., Weingartner, H., Smallberg, S. A., Pickar, D., & Murphy, D. L. (1982). Effort and cognition in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 593–597.
  • Condon, P., Desbordes, G., Miller, W. B., & DeSteno, D. (2013). Meditation increases compassionate responses to suffering. Psychological Science, 24, 2125–2127.
  • Conradi, H., Ormel, J., & De Jonge, P. (2011). Presence of individual (residual) symptoms during depressive episodes and periods of remission: A 3-year prospective study. Psychological Medicine, 41, 1165–1174.
  • Dannehl, K., Rief, W., & Euteneuer, F. (2019). Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on verbal learning and memory in major depression: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 26(3), 291–297.
  • Dehn, L. B., & Beblo, T. (2018). Are they just exaggerating? Differences between subjective and objective cognitive performance in patients with depression: Mounting evidence and open questions. Journal of Affective Disorders, 248, 198.
  • Donaldson, C., & Lam, D. (2004). Rumination, mood and social problem-solving in major depression. Psychological Medicine, 34, 1309–1318.
  • Edwards, P., Roberts, I., Clarke, M., DiGuiseppi, C., Pratap, S., Wentz, R., & Kwan, I. (2002). Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: Systematic review. Bmj, 324, 1183.
  • Exner, C., Martin, V., & Rief, W. (2009). Self-focused ruminations and memory deficits in obsessive–Compulsive disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 163.
  • Giles, E. L., Robalino, S., McColl, E., Sniehotta, F. F., & Adams, J. (2014). The effectiveness of financial incentives for health behaviour change: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Plos One, 9, e90347.
  • Göritz, A. S. (2006). Incentives in web studies: Methodological issues and a review. International Journal of Internet Science, 1, 58–70.
  • Göritz, A. S., & Luthe, S. C. (2013). Effects of lotteries on response behavior in online panels. Field Methods, 25, 219–237.
  • Groves, S. J., Douglas, K. M., & Porter, R. J. (2018). A systematic review of cognitive predictors of treatment outcome in major depression. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 382.
  • Groves, S. J., Porter, R. J., Jordan, J., Knight, R., Carter, J. D., McIntosh, V. V., … Lacey, C. (2015). Changes in neuropsychological function after treatment with metacognitive therapy or cognitive behavior therapy for depression. Depression and Anxiety, 32, 437–444.
  • Gualtieri, C. T., & Morgan, D. W. (2008). The frequency of cognitive impairment in patients with anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder: An unaccounted source of variance in clinical trials. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69, 1122–1130.
  • Hautzinger, M., Keller, F., & Kühner, C. (2006). Beck depression inventar (BDI-II). German version. Frankfurt/M: Harcourt Test Services.
  • Hertel, P. T. (1998). Relation between rumination and impaired memory in dysphoric moods. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 166–172.
  • Hertel, P. T. (2000). The cognitive-initiative account of depression-related impairments in memory. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 39, 47–71.
  • Hertel, P. T., Benbow, A. A., & Geraerts, E. (2012). Brooding deficits in memory: Focusing attention improves subsequent recall. Cognition & Emotion, 26, 1516–1525.
  • Hertel, P. T., & Rude, S. S. (1991). Depressive deficits in memory: Focusing attention improves subsequent recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120, 301–309.
  • Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI). (n.d.). Retrieved from www.selfdeterminationtheory.org/intrinsic-motivation-inventory/
  • Jawad, M., Ingram, S., Choudhury, I., Airebamen, A., Christodoulou, K., & Sharma, A. W. (2017). Television-based health promotion in general practice waiting rooms in london: A cross-sectional study evaluating patients’ knowledge and intentions to access dental services. BMC Oral Health, 17(1), 24.
  • Kane, R. L., Johnson, P. E., Town, R. J., & Butler, M. (2004). A structured review of the effect of economic incentives on consumers’ preventive behavior. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 27, 327–352.
  • Laguilles, J. S., Williams, E. A., & Saunders, D. B. (2011). Can lottery incentives boost web survey response rates? Findings from four experiments. Research in Higher Education, 52, 537–553.
  • Lahr, D., Beblo, T., & Hartje, W. (2007). Cognitive performance and subjective complaints before and after remission of major depression. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 12, 25–45.
  • Lawrence, C., Roy, A., Harikrishnan, V., Yu, S., & Dabbous, O. H. (2011). The association between self-perceived cognitive difficulties and level of depression among employees with current depression. Value in Health, 14, A3.
  • Lee, H.-S., Jang, S.-K., Lee, G.-Y., Park, S.-C., Medalia, A., & Choi, K.-H. (2017). Informationally administered reward enhances intrinsic motivation in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 256, 290–297.
  • Lim, D., Condon, P., & DeSteno, D. (2015). Mindfulness and compassion: An examination of mechanism and scalability. Plos One, 10, e0118221.
  • Lyubomirsky, S., & Tkach, C. (2008). The consequences of dysphoric rumination. In C. Papageorgiou & A. Wells (Eds.), Depressive rumination (pp. 21–42). Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley.
  • Marcotte, T. D., & Grant, I. (2009). Neuropsychology of everyday functioning. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Margraf, J. (1994). Mini-DIPS - Diagnostisches Kurzinterview bei psychischen Störungen [Short diagnostic interview for mental disorders]. Berlin: Springer.
  • Mohn, C., & Rund, B. R. (2016). Neurocognitive profile in major depressive disorders: Relationship to symptom level and subjective memory complaints. BMC Psychiatry, 16, 108.
  • Moritz, S., Stöckert, K., Hauschildt, M., Lill, H., Jelinek, L., Beblo, T., … Arlt, S. (2017). Are we exaggerating neuropsychological impairment in depression? Reopening a closed chapter. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 17, 839–846.
  • Mowla, A., Ashkani, H., Ghanizadeh, A., Dehbozorgi, G. R., Sabayan, B., & Chohedri, A. H. (2008). Do memory complaints represent impaired memory performance in patients with major depressive disorder? Depression and Anxiety, 25, E92–E96.
  • Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 400–424.
  • Otto, M. W., Bruder, G. E., Fava, M., Delis, D. C., Quitkin, F. M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1994). Norms for depressed patients for the California verbal learning test: Associations with depression severity and self-report of cognitive difficulties. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 9, 81–88.
  • Porter, R. J., Bourke, C., Carter, J. D., Douglas, K. M., McIntosh, V. V. W., Jordan, J., … Frampton, C. M. A. (2016). No change in neuropsychological dysfunction or emotional processing during treatment of major depression with cognitive–Behaviour therapy or schema therapy. Psychological Medicine, 46, 393–404.
  • Porter, R. J., Bowie, C. R., Jordan, J., & Malhi, G. S. (2013). Cognitive remediation as a treatment for major depression: A rationale, review of evidence and recommendations for future research. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 47, 1165–1175.
  • Richards, P. M., & Ruff, R. M. (1989). Motivational effects on neuropsychological functioning: Comparison of depressed versus nondepressed individuals. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 396.
  • Rock, P. L., Roiser, J. P., Riedel, W. J., & Blackwell, A. D. (2014). Cognitive impairment in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 44, 2029–2040.
  • Rund, B. R., Sundet, K., Asbjørnsen, A., Egeland, J., Landrø, N. I., Lund, A., … Hugdahl, K. (2006). Neuropsychological test profiles in schizophrenia and non‐psychotic depression. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 113, 350–359.
  • Sbordone, R. J. (2008). Ecological validity of neuropsychological testing: Critical issues. In A. M. Horton & D. Wedding (Eds.), The neuropsychology handbook (3rd ed., pp. 367–394). New York: Springer.
  • Scheurich, A., Fellgiebel, A., Schermuly, I., Bauer, S., Wölfges, R., & Müller, M. (2008). Experimental evidence for a motivational origin of cognitive impairment in major depression. Psychological Medicine, 38, 237–246.
  • Schwert, C., Aschenbrenner, S., Weisbrod, M., & Schröder, A. (2017). Cognitive impairments in unipolar depression: The impact of rumination. Psychopathology, 50, 347–354.
  • Schwert, C., Stohrer, M., Aschenbrenner, S., Weisbrod, M., & Schröder, A. (2018). Biased neurocognitive self-perception in depressive and in healthy persons. Journal of Affective Disorders, 232, 96–102.
  • Sherdell, L., Waugh, C. E., & Gotlib, I. H. (2012). Anticipatory pleasure predicts motivation for reward in major depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121, 51.
  • Srisurapanont, M., Suttajit, S., Eurviriyanukul, K., & Varnado, P. (2017). Discrepancy between objective and subjective cognition in adults with major depressive disorder. Scientific Reports, 7, 3901.
  • Treadway, M. T., Bossaller, N. A., Shelton, R. C., & Zald, D. H. (2012). Effort-based decision-making in major depressive disorder: A translational model of motivational anhedonia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121, 553.
  • Trémeau, F., Goldman, J., Antonius, D., & Javitt, D. C. (2013). Inpatients with schizophrenia report impaired situational motivation but intact global and social motivation. Psychiatry Research, 210(1), 43–49.
  • Uher, R., Payne, J. L., Pavlova, B., & Perlis, R. H. (2014). Major depressive disorder in DSM‐5: Implications for clinical practice and research of changes from DSM‐IV. Depression and Anxiety, 31, 459–471.
  • Velligan, D. I., Kern, R. S., & Gold, J. M. (2006). Cognitive rehabilitation for schizophrenia and the putative role of motivation and expectancies. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 32, 474–485. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbj071
  • Wechsler, D. (2009). Wechsler memory scale - fourth edition. San Antonio, TX: Pearson Assessment.
  • Wells, A. (2008). Metacognitive therapy: Cognition applied to regulating cognition. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 36, 651–658.
  • Wilde, M., Bätz, K., Kovaleva, A., & Urhahne, D. (2009). Überprüfung einer Kurzskala intrinsischer Motivation (KIM) [Testing a short scale of intrinsic motivation]. Zeitschrift Für Didaktik der Naturwissenschaften, 15, 31–45.
  • World Health Organization. (1992). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders. Geneva: WHO.
  • Ziegler, M., Schmukle, S., Egloff, B., & Bühner, M. (2010). Investigating measures of achievement motivation(s). Journal of Individual Differences, 31, 15–21.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.