References
- Ayis, S. A., Ayerbe, L., Ashworth, M., & Wolfe, C. D. A. (2018). Evaluation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) in screening stroke patients for symptoms: Item response theory (IRT) analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 228(June 2017), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.037
- Barker-Collo, S. L. (2007). Depression and anxiety 3 months post stroke: Prevalence and correlates. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 22(4), 519–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acn.2007.03.002
- Bird, G., Silani, G., Brindley, R., White, S., Frith, U., & Singer, T. (2010). Empathic brain responses in insula are modulated by levels of alexithymia but not autism. Brain, 133(5), 1515–1525. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq060
- Bishop, D. V. M. (2010). Overlaps between autism and language impairment: Phenomimicry or shared etiology? Behavior Genetics, 40(5), 618–629. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-010-9381-x
- Bishop, D. V. M., Nation, K., & Patterson, K. (2014). When words fail us: Insights into language processing from developmental and acquired disorders. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 369(1634), 20120403. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0403
- Borod, J. C., Bloom, R. L., Brickman, A. M., Nakhutina, L., & Curko, E. A. (2002). Emotional processing deficits in individuals with unilateral brain damage. Applied neuropsychology, 9(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15324826AN0901
- Brewer, R., Cook, R., & Bird, G. (2016). Alexithymia: A general deficit of interoception. Royal Society Open Science, 3(10), 150664. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150664
- Carota, A., Bogousslavsky, J., Annable, L., Aybek, S., Guex, P., Iaria, G., Staub, F., Guex, P., & Annable, L. (2011). A prospective study of predictors of poststroke depression. Neurology, 64(3), 428–433. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000150935.05940.2d
- Carson, A. J., MacHale, S., Allen, K., Lawrie, S. M., Dennis, M., House, A., & Summary., (2000). Depression after stroke and lesion location: A systematic review. The Lancet, 356(9224), 122–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.014
- Demeurisse, G., Demol, O., Derouck, M., De Beuckelaer, R., Coekaerts, M. J., & Capon, A. (1980). Quantitative study of the rate of recovery from aphasia due to ischemic stroke. Stroke, 11(5), 455–458. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.11.5.455
- Demeyere, N., Riddoch, M. J., Slavkova, E. D., Bickerton, W. L., & Humphreys, G. W. (2015). The Oxford cognitive screen (OCS): Validation of a stroke-specific short cognitive screening tool. Psychological Assessment, 27(3), 883–894. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000082
- Demeyere, N., Riddoch, M. J., Slavkova, E. D., Jones, K., Reckless, I., Mathieson, P., & Humphreys, G. W. (2016). Domain-specific versus generalized cognitive screening in acute stroke. Journal of Neurology, 263(2), 306–315. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-015-7964-4
- Duncan, P. W., Bode, R. K., Min Lai, S., & Perera, S. (2003). Rasch analysis of a new stroke-specific outcome scale: The stroke impact scale. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(7), 950–963. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00035-2
- Eizaguirre, A. E., de Cabezon, A. O. S., de Alda, I. O., Olariaga, L. J., & Juaniz, M. (2004). Alexithymia and its relationship with anxiety and depression in eating disorders. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(2), 321–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00099-0
- Engelter, S. T., Gostynski, M., Papa, S., Frei, M., Born, C., Ajdacic-Gross, V., Gutzwiller, F., & Lyrer, P. A. (2006). Epidemiology of aphasia attributable to first ischemic stroke: Incidence, severity, fluency, etiology, and thrombolysis. Stroke, 37(6), 1379–1384. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000221815.64093.8c
- Franz, M., Popp, K., Schaefer, R., Sitte, W., Schneider, C., Hardt, J., Decker, O., & Braehler, E. (2008). Alexithymia in the German general population. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 43(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-007-0265-1
- Fusar-Poli, P., Placentino, A., Carletti, F., Allen, P., Landi, P., Abbamonte, M., Barale, F., Perez, J., McGuire, P., & Politi, P. L. (2009). Laterality effect on emotional faces processing: ALE meta-analysis of evidence. Neuroscience Letters, 452(3), 262–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2009.01.065
- Grynberg, D., Luminet, O., Corneille, O., Grèzes, J., & Berthoz, S. (2010). Alexithymia in the interpersonal domain: A general deficit of empathy? Personality and Individual Differences, 49(8), 845–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.013
- Henry, J. D., Phillips, L. H., Crawford, J. R., Theodorou, G., & Summers, F. (2006). Cognitive and psychosocial correlates of alexithymia following traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia, 44(1), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.04.011
- Hill, E., Berthoz, S., & Frith, U. (2004). Brief report: Cognitive processing of own emotions in individuals with autistic spectrum disorder and in their relatives. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(2), 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022613.41399.14
- Hobson, H., Brewer, R., Catmur, C., & Bird, G. (2019). The role of language in alexithymia: Moving towards a multi-route model of alexithymia. Emotion Review, 11(3), 247–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073919838528
- Hobson, H., Hogeveen, J., Brewer, R., Catmur, C., Gordon, B., Krueger, F., Chau, A., Bird, G., & Grafman, J. (2018). Language and alexithymia: Evidence for the role of the inferior frontal gyrus in acquired alexithymia. Neuropsychologia, 111(December2017), 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.037
- Hogeveen, J., Bird, G., Chau, A., Krueger, F., & Grafman, J. (2016). Acquired alexithymia following damage to the anterior insula. Neuropsychologia, 82(February), 142–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.021
- Honkalampi, K., Hintikka, J., Tanskanen, A., Lehtonen, J., & Viinamäki, H. (2000). Depression is strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 48(1), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(99)00083-5
- Humphreys, G. W., Bickerton, W. L., Samson, D., & Riddoch, M. J. (2012). BCoS cognitive screen. Psychology Press.
- Hung, T. H., Chou, S. Y., & Su, J. A. (2015). The role of alexithymia in the incidence of poststroke depression. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 203(12), 966–970. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000408
- Lane, R. D., Sechrest, L., & Riedel, R. (1998). Sociodemographic correlates of Alexithymia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 39(6), 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-440X(98)90051-7
- Laska, A. C., Hellblom, A., Murray, V., Kahan, T., & Von Arbin, M. (2001). Aphasia in acute stroke and relation to outcome. Journal of Internal Medicine, 249(5), 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00812.x
- Marchesi, C., Brusamonti, E., & Maggini, C. (2000). Are alexithymia, depression, and anxiety distinct constructs in affective disorders? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49(1), 43–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(00)00084-2
- Nijsse, B., Spikman, J. M., Visser-Meily, J. M., de Kort, P. L., & van Heugten, C. M. (2019). Social cognition impairments in the long term post stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(7), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.01.023
- Pandey, R., Saxena, P., & Dubey, A. (2011). Emotion regulation difficulties in alexithymia and mental health. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 7(4), 604–623. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v7i4.155
- Parker, J. D., Bagby, R. M., Taylor, G. J., Endler, N. S., & Schmitz, P. (1993). Factorial validity of the 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale. European Journal of Personality, 7(4), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410070403
- Pedersen, P. M., Jorgensen, H. S., Nakayama, H., Raaschou, H. O., & Olsen, T. S. (1996). Aphasia in acute stroke: Incidence, determinants, and recovery. Annals of Neurology, 38(4), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410400125
- Ricciardi, L., Demartini, B., Fotopoulou, A., & Edwards, M. J. (2015). Alexithymia in neurological disease: A review. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, 27(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14070169
- Robinson, R. G., & Price, T. R. (1982). Post-stroke depressive disorders: A follow-up study of 103 patients. Stroke, 13(5), 635–641. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.13.5.635
- Salminen, J. K., Saarijärvi, S., Äärelä, E., Toikka, T., & Kauhanen, J. (1999). Prevalence of alexithymia and its association with sociodemographic variables in the general population of Finland. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 46(1), 75–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(98)00053-1
- Saxena, P., Dubey, A., & Pandey, R. (2011). Role of emotion regulation difficulties in predicting mental health and well-being. Journal of Projective Psychology & Mental Health, 18(2), 147–155. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-21803-003
- Schmidt, U., Jiwany, A., & Treasure, J. (1993). A controlled study of alexithymia in eating disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34(1), 54–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440X(93)90036-4
- Spalletta, G., Pasini, A., Costa, A., De Angelis, D., Ramundo, N., Paolucci, S., & Caltagirone, C. (2001). Alexithymic features in stroke: Effects of laterality and gender. Psychosomatic Medicine, 63 (6), 944–950.https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-200111000-00013
- Spalletta, G., Ripa, A., Bria, P., Caltagirone, C., & Robinson, R. G. (2006). Response of emotional unawareness after stroke to antidepressant treatment. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(3), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JGP.0000194647.72654.a1
- Taylor, G. J., Bagby, R. M., & Parker, J. D. (1991). The alexithymia construct. A potential paradigm for psychosomatic medicine. Psychosomatics, 32(2), 153–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3182(91)72086-0
- Valdespino, A., Antezana, L., Ghane, M., & Richey, J. A. (2017). Alexithymia as a transdiagnostic precursor to empathy abnormalities: The functional role of the insula. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(DEC), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02234
- van ’T Wout, M., Aleman, A., Bermond, B., & Kahn, R. S. (2007). No words for feelings: Alexithymia in schizophrenia patients and first-degree relatives. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.07.003
- Wang, X., Chung, M. C., Hyland, M. E., & Bahkeit, M. (2011). Posttraumatic stress disorder and psychiatric co-morbidity following stroke: The role of alexithymia. Psychiatry Research, 188(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.10.002
- Wood, R. L., & Williams, C. (2007). Neuropsychological correlates of organic alexithymia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 13(3), 471–479. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617707070518
- Zarei, J., & Besharat, M. A. (2010). Alexithymia and interpersonal problems. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5(2), 619–622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.153
- Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x