Agitation as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Insomnia and Current Suicidal Ideation in the Military

REFERENCES

• American Forces Press Service. (2014). DOD releases suicide event report. Changes Reporting Methods. Retrieved from https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/06/
   Google Scholar
• Bastien, C. H., Vallières, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2, 297–307. doi:10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1991). Manual for Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. San Antonio, TX Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Blocker, G. M., & Miller, J. A. (2013). Unintended consequences: Stigma and suicide prevention efforts. Military Medicine, 178, 473. doi:10.7205/milmed-d-13-00056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (1996). The consequences of a week of insomnia. Sleep, 19, 453–461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (1997). Hyperarousal and insomnia. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 1, 97–108. doi:10.1016/s1087-0792(97)90012-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2010). Hyperarousal and insomnia: State of the science. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14, 9–15. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.05.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryan, C. J. (2013). Repetitive traumatic brain injury (or concussion) increases severity of sleep disturbance among deployed military personnel. Sleep, 36(6), 941–946. doi:10.5665/sleep.2730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryan, C. J., Gonzales, J., Rudd, M. D., Bryan, A. O., Clemans, T. A., Ray-Sannerud, B., Wertenberger, E., Leeson, B., Heron, E. A., Morrow, C. E., & Etienne, N. (2015). Depression mediates the relation of insomnia severity with suicide risk in three clinical samples of U.S. military personnel. Depression & Anxiety, 32, 647–655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busch, K. A., & Fawcett, J. (2004). A fine-grained study of inpatients who commit suicide. Psychiatric Annals, 34, 357–364. doi:10.3928/0048-5713-20040501-16
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busch, K. A., Fawcett, J., & Jacobs, D. G. (2003). Clinical correlates of inpatient suicide. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 64, 14–19. doi:10.4088/jcp.v64n0105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control, & Prevention. (2015). Morbidity and mortality weekly report. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/wk/mm6408.pdf. Accessed April 3, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Defense Suicide Event Report. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.dspo.mil/Portals/113/Documents/2012-DoDSER-Annual-Report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Fawcett, J., Scheftner, W. A., Fogg, L., Clark, D. C., Young, M. A., Hedeker, D., & Gibbons, R. (1990). Time-related predictors of suicide in major affective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1189–1194. doi:10.1176/ajp.147.9.1189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, R. C. W., Platt, D. E., & Hall, R. C. W. (1999). Suicide risk assessment: A review of risk factors for suicide in 100 patients who made severe suicide attempts: Evaluation of suicide risk in a time of managed care. Psychosomatics, 40, 18–27. doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(99)71267-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauri, P. (2000). Primary insomnia. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 3, 633–639.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hoge, C. W., & Castro, C. A. (2012). Preventing suicides in US service members and veterans: Concerns after a decade of war. Journal of the American Medical Association, 308, 671–672. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.9955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, C., Mitran, A., Miniño, A., & Ni, H. (2015). Racial and gender disparities in suicide among young adults aged 18–24: united states, 2009–2013. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/suicide/racial_and_gender_2009_2013.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Joiner, T. E., Pfaff, J. J., & Acres, J. G. (2002). A brief screening tool for suicidal symptoms in adolescents and young adults in general health settings: Reliability and validity data from the Australian national general practice youth suicide prevention project. Behavior Research and Therapy, 40, 471–481. doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00017-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klonsky, E. D., & May, A. M. (2014). Differentiating suicide attempters from suicide ideators: A critical frontier for suicidology research. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 44, 1–5. doi:10.1111/sltb.12068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolkow, T. T., Spira, J. L., Morse, J. S., & Grieger, T. A. (2007). Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in health care providers returning from deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan. Military Medicine, 172, 451–455. doi:10.7205/milmed.172.5.451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovasznay, B., Miraglia, R., Beer, R., & Way, B. (2004). Reducing suicides in New York state correctional facilities. Psychiatric Quarterly, 75, 61–70. doi:10.1023/b:psaq.0000007561.83444.a4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Löwe, B., Kroenke, K., Herzog, W., & Gräfe, K. (2004). Measuring depression outcome with a brief self-report instrument: Sensitivity to change of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Journal of Affective Disorders, 81, 61–66. doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(03)00198-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metalsky, G. I., & Joiner, T. E. (1997). The hopelessness depression symptom questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 21, 359–384.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morin, C. M. (1993). Insomnia: psychological assessment and management. New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nadorff, M. R., Anestis, M. D., Nazem, S., Harris, H. C., & Winer, E. S. (2014). Sleep disorders and the interpersonal–psychological theory of suicide: Independent pathways to suicidality? Journal of Affective Disorders, 152, 505–512. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadorff, M. R., Nazem, S., & Fiske, A. (2013). Insomnia symptoms, nightmares, and suicide risk: Duration of sleep disturbance matters. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 43, 139–149. doi:10.1111/sltb.12003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narisawa, H. (2013). Anxiety and its related factors at bedtime are associated with difficulty in falling asleep. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 231, 37–43. doi:10.1620/tjem.231.37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nock, M. K., Hwang, I., Sampson, N. A., & Kessler, R. C. (2009). Mental disorders, comorbidity and suicidal behavior: Results from the national comorbidity survey replication. Molecular Psychiatry, 15, 868–876. doi:10.1038/mp.2009.29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeiffer, P. N., Brandfon, S., Garcia, E., Duffy, S., Ganoczy, D., Kim, H. M., & Valenstein, M. (2014). Predictors of suicidal ideation among depressed veterans and the interpersonal theory of suicide. Journal of Affective Disorders, 152–154, 277–281. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.09.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pigeon, W. R., Britton, P. C., Ilgen, M. A., Chapman, B., & Conner, K. R. (2012). Sleep disturbance preceding suicide among veterans. American Journal of Public Health, 102, S93–S97. doi:10.2105/ajph.2011.300470
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro, J. D., Bender, T. W., Buchman, J. M., Nock, M. K., Rudd, M. D., Bryan, C. J. & Joiner, T. E. (2015). An investigation of the interactive effects of the capability for suicide and acute agitation on suicidality in a military sample. Depression and Anxiety, 32, 25–31. doi:10.1002/da.22240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro, J. D., Bender, T. W., Selby, E. A., Hames, J. L., & Joiner, T. E. (2011). Development and validation of a brief self-report measure of agitation: The brief agitation measure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 93, 597–604. doi:10.1080/00223891.2011.608758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro, J. D., Pease, J. L., Gutierrez, P. M., Silva, C., Bernert, R. A., Rudd, M. D., & Joiner, Jr., T. E. (2012). Sleep problems outperform depression and hopelessness as cross-sectional and longitudinal predictors of suicidal ideation and behavior in young adults in the military. Journal of Affective Disorders, 136, 743–750. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro, J. D., Silva, C., & Joiner, T. E. (2014). Overarousal interacts with a sense of fearlessness about death to predict suicide risk in a sample of clinical outpatients. Psychiatry Research, 218, 106–112. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.03.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riemann, D., Spiegelhalder, K., Feige, B., Voderholzer, U., Berger, M., Perlis, M., & Nissen, C. (2010). The hyperarousal model of insomnia: A review of the concept and its evidence. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14, 19–31. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.04.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudd, M. D. (2013). Suicide in the military. In B. A. Moore & J. E. Barnett (Eds.), Military psychologists’ desk reference (pp. 143–147). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rudd, M. D., Berman, A. L., Joiner, T. E., Nock, M. K., Silverman, M. M., Mandrusiak, M. & Witte, T. (2006). Warning signs for suicide: Theory, research, and clinical applications. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 36, 255–262. doi:10.1521/suli.2006.36.3.255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singareddy, R. K., & Balon, R. (2001). Sleep and suicide in psychiatric patients. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 13, 93–101. doi:10.3109/10401230109148954
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sjöström, N., Waern, M., & Hetta, J. (2007). Nightmares and sleep disturbances in relation to suicidality in suicide attempters. Sleep, 30, 91–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: The PHQ primary care study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 282(18), 1737–1744. doi:10.1001/jama.282.18.1737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steer, R. A., Rissmiller, D. J., Ranieri, W. F., & Beck, A. T. (1993). Dimensions of suicidal ideation in psychiatric inpatients. Behavior Research and Therapy, 31, 229–236. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(93)90090-h
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United States Department of Defense. (2014). DoD releases 2012 annual report on suicide. Retrieved from http://www.defense.gov/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=16663&source=GovDelivery
   Google Scholar
• Weathers, F. W., Litz, B. T., Herman, D. S., Huska, J. A., & Keane, T. M. (1993). The PTSD checklist: Reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, San Antonio, TX.
   Google Scholar
• Wilkins, K. C., Lang, A. J., & Norman, S. B. (2011). Synthesis of the psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL) military, civilian, and specific versions. Depression and Anxiety, 28, 596–606. doi:10.1002/da.20837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar